Plot-scale sediment transport processes on a burned hillslope as a function of particle size
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Abstract
Soil moisture, rainfall, runoff, and sediment transport data were collected from four 1-m2 hillslope plots after the 2000 Hi Meadow Fire in Colorado. Data were collected daily during three summers, two of which were affected by drought. Maximum 30-minute rainfall intensities, I30, were less than 20 mm h-1 and the average runoff volumes per plot were less than 4.7 L per storm. The data were separated into three sediment transport processes based on rainfall intensity and runoff magnitude: (1) dry ravel, (2) rainsplash, and (3) rainflow and then into eight different particle size classes (Di). For each class, dry ravel transport had a non-linear dependence on initial soil moisture, θi, with a maximum at intermediate values of θi (5-9 % cm3 cm-3). Dry ravel transport rates were small for low θi , which may be caused by a cementation process, and also small for high θi , which may be caused by increased surface tension. Rainsplash transport was confined to the I30 domain from 1-7 mm h-1 was proportional to Di(Imax30)0.63. Rainflow transport (I30 > 7 mm h-1) in shallow flows (h < 2 mm) was most likely dominated by particles rolling. It had a non-linear dependence on Di with maximum transport of sediment in the 2-4 mm size class. Transport also depended on stream power, but critical stream power was essentially zero, which may indicate that the rainsplash preceding runoff detached soil for transport by overland flow.
| Publication type | Conference Paper |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Conference Paper |
| Title | Plot-scale sediment transport processes on a burned hillslope as a function of particle size |
| Year Published | 2010 |
| Language | English |
| Contributing office(s) | National Research Program - Central Branch |
| Description | 12 p. |
| Conference Title | 2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference |
| Conference Location | Las Vegas, NV |
| Conference Date | June 27-July 1, 2010 |