Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display

Herpetological Review
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Abstract

A variety of snake species employ head hiding as defensive behavior (Greene 1973. J. Herpetol. 7:143–161), but such behavior seems to be rarely observed in rattlesnakes. A recent report (Medica 2009. Herpetol. Rev. 40:95–97) presented observations on Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus and cited cases of similar behavior involving C. atrox, C. ruber, and C. viridis viridis. Here we report an encounter on 28 May 2016 with a C. oreganus lutosus (total length ca. 900 mm) observed 16 km S of Fallon, Churchill County, Nevada, USA. At 0925 h this snake was spotted by AKJ near the edge of the pavement on U.S. Hwy. 95. When approached, the snake presented typical active defensive behavior, with the rattle elevated (although not rattling), striking occasionally, and frequently flicking its conspicuous lavender and black tongue. As AKJ continued to take pictures the snake coiled more tightly (Fig. 1A), maintaining its rattle concealed and finally hiding its head beneath its coils (Fig. 1B). After photographing this pose AKJ made his first physical contact with the snake by scooping it up with a small shovel and placing it off the road. At this point the snake recovered its feisty attitude and would not retreat despite attempts to move it further away from the road. The snake did not rattle during the entire encounter (which lasted less than 5 min). Head hiding as a “last resort” in response to a persistent unavoidable threat may be more widespread within the family Crotalidae than previously documented.

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display
Series title Herpetological Review
Volume 48
Issue 1
Year Published 2017
Language English
Publisher Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles
Contributing office(s) Western Ecological Research Center
Description 2 p.
First page 209
Last page 210
Public Comments This article is in the "Natural History Notes" section of the issue.
Country United States
State Nevada
County Churchill County
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