Anatomy of a caldera collapse: Kīlauea 2018 summit seismicity sequence in high resolution
Geophysical Research Letters
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- Data Release: USGS data release - High resolution earthquake catalogs from the 2018 Kilauea eruption sequence
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Abstract
The 2018 Kīlauea eruption and caldera collapse generated intense cycles of seismicity tied to repeated large seismic (Mw ~5) collapse events associated with magma withdrawal from beneath the summit. To gain insight into the underlying dynamics and aid eruption response, we applied waveform-based earthquake detection and double-difference location as the eruption unfolded. Here, we augment these rapid results by grouping events based on patterns of correlation-derived phase polarities across the network. From April 29 to August 6, bracketing the eruption, we used ~2800 events cataloged by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory to detect and precisely locate 44,000+ earthquakes. Resulting hypocentroids resolve complex, yet coherent structures, concentrated at shallow depths east of Halema‘uma‘u crater, beneath the eventual eastern perimeter of surface collapse. Based on a preponderance of dilatational P-wave first motions and similarities with previously inferred dike structures, we hypothesize that failure was dominated by coupled shear and crack closure.
Suggested Citation
Shelly, D.R., Thelen, W., 2020, Anatomy of a caldera collapse: Kīlauea 2018 summit seismicity sequence in high resolution: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 46, no. 24, p. 14395-14403, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085636.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Anatomy of a caldera collapse: Kīlauea 2018 summit seismicity sequence in high resolution |
| Series title | Geophysical Research Letters |
| DOI | 10.1029/2019GL085636 |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue | 24 |
| Publication Date | December 21, 2019 |
| Year Published | 2020 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Geophysical Union |
| Contributing office(s) | Geologic Hazards Science Center |
| Description | 9 p. |
| First page | 14395 |
| Last page | 14403 |
| Country | United States |
| State | Hawaii |
| Other Geospatial | Kīlauea Volcano |