Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians
Scientific Reports
By: J. Hardin Waddle, Daniel A. Grear, Brittany Mosher, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Michael J. Adams, Adam R. Backlin, William Barichivich, Adrianne B. Brand, Gary M. Bucciarelli, Daniel L. Calhoun, Tara Chestnut, Jon M. Davenport, Andrew E. Dietrich, Robert N. Fisher, Brad Glorioso, Brian J. Halstead, Marc P Hayes, R. Ken Honeycutt, Blake R. Hossack, Patrick M. Kleeman, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal, Jeffrey M. Lorch, Robert W. Atkinson, Erin L. Muths, Christopher Pearl, Katherine Richgels, Charles W Robinson, Mark F. Roth, Jennifer Rowe, Walter Sadinski, Brent H. Sigafus, Iga Stasiak, Samuel Sweet, Susan C. Walls, Gregory J Watkins-Colwell, C. LeAnn White, Lori A Williams, and Megan E. Winzeler
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- More information: Publisher Index Page (via DOI)
- Data Release: USGS data release - Data from a national survey for the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans
- Open Access Version: Publisher Index Page
- Download citation as: RIS | Dublin Core
Abstract
The salamander chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans [Bsal]) is causing massive mortality of salamanders in Europe. The potential for spread via international trade into North America and the high diversity of salamanders has catalyzed concern about Bsal in the U.S. Surveillance programs for invading pathogens must initially meet challenges that include low rates of occurrence on the landscape, low prevalence at a site, and imperfect detection of the diagnostic tests. We implemented a large-scale survey to determine if Bsal was present in North America designed to target taxa and localities where Bsal was determined highest risk to be present based on species susceptibility and geography. Our analysis included a Bayesian model to estimate the probability of occurrence of Bsal given our prior knowledge of the occurrence and prevalence of the pathogen. We failed to detect Bsal in any of 11,189 samples from 594 sites in 223 counties within 35 U.S. states and one site in Mexico. Our modeling indicates that Bsal is highly unlikely to occur within wild amphibians in the U.S. and suggests that the best proactive response is to continue mitigation efforts against the introduction and establishment of the disease and to develop plans to reduce impacts should Bsal establish.
Suggested Citation
Waddle, J., Grear, D.A., Mosher, B., Campbell Grant, E.H., Adams, M.J., Backlin, A.R., Barichivich, W., Brand, A.B., Bucciarelli, G.M., Calhoun, D.L., Chestnut, T., Davenport, J., Dietrich, A.E., Fisher, R.N., Glorioso, B., Halstead, B., Hayes, M.P., Honeycutt, R.K., Hossack, B., Kleeman, P.M., Lemos-Espinal, J.A., Lorch, J.M., Atkinson, R.W., Muths, E.L., Pearl, C., Richgels, K., Robinson, C.W., Roth, M.F., Rowe, J., Sadinski, W., Sigafus, B.H., Stasiak, I., Sweet, S., Walls, S., Watkins-Colwell, G.J., White, C.L., Williams, L.A., and Winzeler, M.E., 2020, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians: Scientific Reports, v. 10, 13012, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69486-x.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians |
| Series title | Scientific Reports |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41598-020-69486-x |
| Volume | 10 |
| Publication Date | August 03, 2020 |
| Year Published | 2020 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Nature |
| Contributing office(s) | National Wildlife Health Center, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Western Ecological Research Center, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center |
| Description | 13012, 7 p. |
| Country | United States |
| Other Geospatial | Continental United States |