Challenges in the interpretation of anticoagulant rodenticide residues and toxicity in predatory and scavenging birds
Pest Management Science
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Abstract
Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are part of the near billion-dollar rodenticide industry. Numerous studies have documented the presence of ARs in non-target wildlife, with evidence of repeated exposure to second-generation ARs. While birds are generally less sensitive to ARs than target rodent species, in some locations predatory and scavenging birds are exposed by consumption of such poisoned prey, and depending on dose and frequency of exposure, exhibit signs of intoxication that can result in death. Evidence of hemorrhage in conjunction with summed hepatic AR residues >0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg liver wet weight are often used as criteria to diagnose ARs as the likely cause of death. In this review focusing on birds of prey and scavengers, we discuss AR potency, coagulopathy, toxicokinetics and long-lasting effects of residues, the role of nutrition and vitamin K status on toxicity, and identify some research needs. A more complete understanding of the factors affecting AR toxicity in non-target wildlife would enable regulators and natural resource managers to better predict and even mitigate risk.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Challenges in the interpretation of anticoagulant rodenticide residues and toxicity in predatory and scavenging birds |
| Series title | Pest Management Science |
| DOI | 10.1002/ps.6137 |
| Volume | 77 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Year Published | 2021 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Contributing office(s) | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
| Description | 7 p. |
| First page | 604 |
| Last page | 610 |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |