Local explosion detection and infrasound localization by reverse time migration using 3-D finite-difference wave propagation
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Abstract
Infrasound data are routinely used to detect and locate volcanic and other explosions, using both arrays and single sensor networks. However, at local distances (<15 km) topography often complicates acoustic propagation, resulting in inaccurate acoustic travel times leading to biased source locations when assuming straight-line propagation. Here we present a new method, termed Reverse Time Migration-Finite-Difference Time Domain (RTM-FDTD), that integrates numerical modeling into the standard RTM back-projection process. Travel time information is computed across the entire potential source grid via FDTD modeling to incorporate the effects of topography. The waveforms are then back-projected and stacked at each grid point, with the stack maximum corresponding to the likely source. We apply our method to three volcanoes with different network configurations, source-receiver distances, and topography. At Yasur Volcano, Vanuatu, RTM-FDTD locates explosions within ∼20 m of the source and differentiates between multiple vents. RTM-FDTD produces a more accurate location for the two Yasur subcraters than standard RTM and doubles the number of detected events. At Sakurajima Volcano, Japan, RTM-FDTD locates the source within 50 m of the active vent despite notable topographic blocking. The RTM-FDTD location is similar to that from the Time Reversal Mirror method, but is more computationally efficient. Lastly, at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, RTM and RTM-FDTD both produce realistic source locations (<50 m) for ground-coupled airwaves recorded on a four-station seismic network. We show that RTM is an effective method to detect and locate infrasonic sources across a variety of scenarios, and by integrating numerical modeling, RTM-FDTD produces more accurate source locations and increases the detection capability.
Study Area
Publication type | Article |
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Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
Title | Local explosion detection and infrasound localization by reverse time migration using 3-D finite-difference wave propagation |
Series title | Frontiers in Earth Science |
DOI | 10.3389/feart.2021.620813 |
Volume | 9 |
Year Published | 2021 |
Language | English |
Publisher | Frontiers |
Contributing office(s) | Volcano Science Center |
Description | 620813, 14 p. |
Country | United States, Japan, Vanuatu |
State | Alaska |
Other Geospatial | Sakurajima Volcano, Shishaldin Volcano, Yasur Volcano, Vanuatu |
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