Thiamine supplementation improves survival and body condition of hatchery-reared steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon
Veterinary Sciences
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Abstract
Early rearing of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon hatcheries is often problematic; fry can become emaciated and die during the period between hatch and first feed. Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency has caused early mortality in salmonids; however, the thiamine status of Oregon’s steelhead populations is unknown, to date. Of the 26 egg samples from three Oregon hatcheries in 2019, 20 (77%) had thiamine levels < 10 nmol/g, and 13 of those samples (50%) had levels <6.5 nmol/g, suggesting the thiamine deficiency of adult, female steelhead. To investigate if thiamine deficiency was causally related to fry survival, females were injected with buffered thiamine HCl 50 mg/kg prior to spawning; additionally, a subset of eggs were supplemented via bath treatment with thiamine mononitrate (1000 ppm) at spawning. Cumulative fry mortality at 8 weeks post-hatch from thiamine-injected females was 2.9% compared to 13.8% mortality of fry without thiamine supplementation. Fry treated only with the thiamine via bath as eggs had a mortality rate of 6.9%. There were no additional improvements for the survival of fry from injected females that also received a thiamine bath. Furthermore, condition factors were greater in thiamine-supplemented fry than in those that received no thiamine. These data identify thiamine deficiency in Oregon steelhead and suggest supplementation with thiamine can mitigate early rearing mortality.
Suggested Citation
Reed, A.N., Rowland, F.E., Krajcik, J.A., and Tillitt, D.E., 2023, Thiamine supplementation improves survival and body condition of hatchery-reared steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon: Veterinary Sciences, v. 10, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020156.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Thiamine supplementation improves survival and body condition of hatchery-reared steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon |
| Series title | Veterinary Sciences |
| DOI | 10.3390/vetsci10020156 |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Publication Date | February 14, 2023 |
| Year Published | 2023 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI Journals |
| Contributing office(s) | Columbia Environmental Research Center |
| Description | 156, 11 p. |
| First page | 156 |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oregon |