Sentinel responses of Arctic freshwater systems to climate: linkages, evidence, and a roadmap for future research
Arctic Science
By: Jasmine E. Saros, Christoper D. Arp, Frederic Bouchard, Jerome Comte, Raoul-Marie Couture, Joshua F. Dean, Melissa Lafreniere, Sally MacIntyre, Suzanne McGowan, Milla Rautio, Clay Prater, Suzanne E. Tank, Michelle A. Walvoord, Kimberly Wickland, Dermot Antoniades, Paola Ayala-Borda, Joao Canario, Travis W. Drake, Diogo Folhas, Vaclava Hazukova, Henriikka Kivila, Yohanna Klanten, Scott Lamoreux, Isabelle Laurion, Rachel M. Pilla, Jorien E. Vonk, Scott Zolkos, and Warwick Vincent
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Abstract
While the sentinel nature of freshwater systems is now well recognized, widespread integration of freshwater processes and patterns into our understanding of broader climate-driven Arctic terrestrial ecosystem change has been slow. We review the current understanding across Arctic freshwater systems of key sentinel responses to climate, which are attributes of these systems with demonstrated and sensitive responses to climate forcing. These include ice regimes, temperature and thermal structure, river baseflow, lake area and water level, permafrost-derived dissolved ions and nutrients, carbon mobilization (dissolved organic carbon, greenhouse gases, and radiocarbon), dissolved oxygen concentrations, lake trophic state, various aquatic organisms and their traits, and invasive species. For each sentinel, our objectives are to clarify linkages to climate, describe key insights already gained, and provide suggestions for future research based on current knowledge gaps. We suggest that tracking key responses in Arctic freshwater systems will expand understanding of the breadth and depth of climate-driven Arctic ecosystem changes, provide early indicators of looming, broader changes across the landscape, and improve protection of freshwater biodiversity and resources.
Suggested Citation
Saros, J.E., Arp, C.D., Bouchard, F., Comte, J., Couture, R., Dean, J.F., Lafreniere, M., MacIntyre, S., McGowan, S., Rautio, M., Prater, C., Tank, S.E., Walvoord, M.A., Wickland, K., Antoniades, D., Ayala-Borda, P., Canario, J., Drake, T.W., Folhas, D., Hazukova, V., Kivila, H., Klanten, Y., Lamoreux, S., Laurion, I., Pilla, R.M., Vonk, J.E., Zolkos, S., Vincent, W., 2023, Sentinel responses of Arctic freshwater systems to climate: linkages, evidence, and a roadmap for future research: Arctic Science, v. 9, no. 2, p. 356-392, https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2022-0021.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Sentinel responses of Arctic freshwater systems to climate: linkages, evidence, and a roadmap for future research |
| Series title | Arctic Science |
| DOI | 10.1139/as-2022-0021 |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Year Published | 2023 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Canadian Science Publishing |
| Contributing office(s) | WMA - Earth System Processes Division |
| Description | 37 p. |
| First page | 356 |
| Last page | 392 |