Physicochemical hazard assessment of ash and dome rock from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent, for the assessment of respiratory health impacts and water contamination
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
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Abstract
La Soufrière, St Vincent, began an extrusive eruption on 27 December 2020. The lava dome was destroyed, along with much of the pre-existing 1979 dome, in explosive eruptions from 9 to 22 April 2021. Lava domes generate crystalline silica – inhalation of which can cause silicosis in occupational settings – which can become hazardous when dome material is incorporated into volcanic ash.
La Soufrière ash (17 samples) was analysed, according to IVHHN protocols, to rapidly quantify crystalline silica and test for other health-relevant properties. The basaltic andesitic ash contained <5 wt% crystalline silica, which agrees with previous analyses of ash of similar compositions and mirrors the low quantities measured in dome samples (2 area %). It contained substantial inhalable material (7–21 vol% <10 µm). Few fibre-like particles were observed, reducing concern about particle shape. Leaching assays found low concentrations of potentially toxic elements, which indicates low potential to impact health, contaminate drinking-water sources or harm grazing animals through ingestion. Collectively, these data indicate that the primary health concern from this eruption was the potential for fine-grained ash to increase ambient particulate matter, an environmental risk factor for respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Precautionary measures were advised to minimize exposure.
Suggested Citation
Horwell, C.J., Damby, D., Stewart, C., Joseph, E., Barclay, J., Davies, B.V., Mangler, M., Marvin, L.G., Najorka, J., Peek, S., and Tunstall, N., 2023, Physicochemical hazard assessment of ash and dome rock from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent, for the assessment of respiratory health impacts and water contamination: Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 539, no. 1, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1144/SP539-2023-46.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Physicochemical hazard assessment of ash and dome rock from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent, for the assessment of respiratory health impacts and water contamination |
| Series title | Geological Society, London, Special Publications |
| DOI | 10.1144/SP539-2023-46 |
| Volume | 539 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Publication Date | August 23, 2023 |
| Year Published | 2023 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Geological Society of London |
| Contributing office(s) | Volcano Science Center |
| Description | 19 p. |
| Country | St. Vincent |
| Other Geospatial | La Soufrière |