New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA dataset

Thomas J. Aubry; Samantha Engwell; Costanza Bonadonna; Larry G. Mastin; Guillaume Carazzo; Alexa R. Van Eaton; David E. Jessop; Roy G. Grainger; Simona Scollo; Isabelle A Taylor; A. Mark Jellinek; Anja Schmidt; Sebastien Biass; Mathieu Gouhier

doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL102633

New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA dataset

Geophysical Research Letters

By: Thomas J. Aubry, Samantha Engwell, Costanza Bonadonna, Larry G. Mastin, Guillaume Carazzo, Alexa R. Van Eaton, David E. Jessop, Roy G. Grainger, Simona Scollo, Isabelle A Taylor, A. Mark Jellinek, Anja Schmidt, Sebastien Biass, and Mathieu Gouhier

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL102633

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Abstract

Rapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real-time volcanic hazard management and reconstruction of past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events from the new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER-height relationships for four measures of column height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, and top height from direct observations and as reconstructed from deposits. These relationships show significant differences and highlight limitations of empirical models currently used in operational and research applications. The roles of atmospheric stratification, wind, and humidity remain challenging to detect across the wide range of eruptive conditions spanned in IVESPA, ultimately resulting in empirical relationships outperforming analytical models that account for atmospheric conditions. This finding highlights challenges in constraining the MER-height relation using heterogeneous observations and empirical models, which reinforces the need for improved eruption source parameter data sets and physics-based models.

Additional publication details
Publication type	Article
Publication Subtype	Journal Article
Title	New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA dataset
Series title	Geophysical Research Letters
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL102633
Volume	50
Issue	14
Year Published	2023
Language	English
Publisher	American Geophysical Union
Contributing office(s)	Volcano Science Center
Description	e2022GL102633, 12 p.
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