Paired comparisons with quiet surface drones show evidence of fish behavioral response to motorized vessels during acoustic surveys in Lake Superior
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
By: Thomas M. Evans, Lars G. Rudstam, Suresh A Sethi, Daniel L. Yule, David Warner, Steve A. Farha, Andrew R. Barnard, Mark Richard Dufour, Timothy P. O’Brien, Kayden Nasworthy, Ian Harding, Bradley A. Ray, Edmund J. Isaac, Joshua Blankenheim, Hannah B. Blair, James M. Watkins, Steven A. Senczyszyn, James Roberts, and Peter C. Esselman
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Abstract
Acoustic surveys are important for fish stock assessments, but fish responses to survey vessels can bias acoustic estimates. We leveraged quiet uncrewed surface vessels (USVs) to characterize potential bias in acoustic surveys. Five conventional motorized ships overtook USVs from astern over 2 km transects at night in Lake Superior in 2022. We examined the difference in acoustic backscatter, average target depth, and average target strength (TS) between USV and motorized vessels. Although sound level measurements from the motorized vessels sometimes exceeded recommendations for scientific vessels, we did not detect differences in acoustic measures among survey vessels. However, the USVs recorded 2 dB higher acoustic backscatter and TS than motorized vessels, leading to ~15% higher fish densities with drones when using in situ TS and echo integration. Differences in fish density would increase to 30-60% if a standard TS value was applied. Target depth did not differ between USVs and motorized ships. These results are consistent with a change in orientation but not depth of insonified fish and limited horizontal avoidance of motorized survey vessels.
Suggested Citation
Evans, T.M., Rudstam, L.G., Sethi, S.A., Yule, D.L., Warner, D., Farha, S., Barnard, A.R., Dufour, M.R., O’Brien, T.P., Nasworthy, K., Harding, I., Ray, B.A., Isaac, E., Blankenheim, J., Blair, H.B., Watkins, J.M., Senczyszyn, S.A., Roberts, J., and Esselman, P., 2024, Paired comparisons with quiet surface drones show evidence of fish behavioral response to motorized vessels during acoustic surveys in Lake Superior: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 81, no. 12, p. 1740-1851, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2024-0087.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Paired comparisons with quiet surface drones show evidence of fish behavioral response to motorized vessels during acoustic surveys in Lake Superior |
| Series title | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
| DOI | 10.1139/cjfas-2024-0087 |
| Volume | 81 |
| Issue | 12 |
| Year Published | 2024 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Canadian Science Publishing |
| Contributing office(s) | Colorado Water Science Center, Great Lakes Science Center |
| Description | 12 p. |
| First page | 1740 |
| Last page | 1851 |
| Country | Canada, United States |
| Other Geospatial | Lake Superior |