Improving hydroacoustic methods for monitoring suspended-sand flux and grain size in sediment-laden rivers

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
By: , and 

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Abstract

Suspended-sand concentration and grain-size data in rivers provide valuable information on the catchment's dynamics for scientists and river managers. Producing continuous measurements of suspended-sand concentrations remains a scientific challenge due to their high spatial and temporal variability. Traditional methods such as sediment-rating curves may be highly uncertain, and optical turbidity is insensitive to coarse particles when there are many fine particles. Surrogate hydroacoustic methods aim to improve sand concentration measurements. These single- or dual-frequency acoustic methods use acoustic attenuation and/or backscatter to estimate fine-sediment (i.e., silt and clay) and/or sand concentration and possibly grain size. New methods have recently been developed and applied in rivers exhibiting a wide range of sediment conditions in North America but not independently tested elsewhere by other researchers. In this article, we apply, adapt and evaluate hydroacoustic methods to continuously estimate suspended-sand concentration and grain size in an Alpine river with high suspended-sediment concentrations. From the example of the River Isère at Grenoble Campus, France, we show that the hydroacoustic methods adapted to local conditions may yield valuable sand concentration estimates consistent with traditional measurements. Compared with prior knowledge, limited additional information on the grain size can be obtained due to high uncertainties. Hydroacoustic concentration estimates are more sensitive to real changes in concentration at the event scale than traditional rating-curve methods that relate concentration to discharge only. These findings open the perspective for facilitated sand concentration monitoring at a higher temporal resolution with decreased field work.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Improving hydroacoustic methods for monitoring suspended-sand flux and grain size in sediment-laden rivers
Series title Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
DOI 10.1002/esp.6056
Volume 50
Issue 1
Publication Date January 23, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher Wiley
Contributing office(s) Southwest Biological Science Center
Description e6056, 23 p.
Country France
Other Geospatial Grenoble Campus
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