Effects of stochastically-simulated near-fault ground motions on soil liquefaction
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Abstract
The scarcity of historically recorded near-fault ground motions poses a challenge to systematically understanding the influence of near-fault effects on various types of seismic demands for engineering purposes. In particular, the current state of knowledge of the influence of ground-shaking intensity on soil liquefaction and its consequences does not specifically account for the effects of near-fault ground motion characteristics. In this study, the influence of near-fault ground motions on liquefaction triggering and lateral spreading are investigated using non-linear modeling of a hypothetical liquefiable soil column in the finite-element computational platform OpenSees subjected to simulated ground motion time series that represent strong earthquake shaking in the near field. The simulated ground motion time series and resulting datasets are based on a parametric stochastic model and are developed for a range of source and path parameters to represent a realistic variability of ground motion characteristics. Dependencies between ground motion intensity measures (IMs) and liquefaction demand parameters are investigated for near-fault pulse and nonpulse-like ground motion sets. Evolutionary IMs, such as cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) and the time-varying magnitude-adjusted peak ground acceleration (PGAM), are considered in developing liquefaction triggering probability density functions. Post-liquefaction triggering responses such as lateral spreading displacements are examined in relation to PGAM and CAV. The ground motion simulations are validated by comparing their liquefaction-capacity PGAM fragilities and post-triggering CAV vulnerability relationships to historical records from the 1994 Northridge earthquake in California, USA. Finally, a path forward for future studies that includes finding systematic differences in the IM-liquefaction demand relationships between near-fault and far-field stochastic ground motion sets is outlined.
| Publication type | Conference Paper |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Conference Paper |
| Title | Effects of stochastically-simulated near-fault ground motions on soil liquefaction |
| Publication Date | July 01, 2024 |
| Year Published | 2024 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | International Association of Earthquake Engineering |
| Contributing office(s) | Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism |
| Description | 12 p. |
| Conference Title | 18th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering |
| Conference Location | Milan, Italy |
| Conference Date | June 30-July 5., 2024 |