Longevity, age-specific survival, and mean generation time of Rana muscosa: Implications for conservation of possibly the longest lived Ranid frog

Ecology and Evolution
By: , and 

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Abstract

Life history strategies vary widely among species and play a vital role in extinction risk, especially in a rapidly changing environment. For many taxa, information on life history such as longevity, lifespan, and generation time is incomplete. This is especially true for amphibians, which have experienced large-scale declines in recent decades. The mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa) is a California endemic recognized as a state and federally endangered species. We evaluated a 23-year dataset of six wild R. muscosa populations in southern California. We calculated the average lifespan of individuals in these six populations to be approximately 9.5 years, with a mean generation time of 7.4 years. We did not detect a difference in longevity between sexes or a difference in apparent survival across various ages of adults. We also documented the longest-lived ranid frog ever recorded from a wild population: a male R. muscosa that was at least 21 years old. Our results suggest a relatively long generation time for this species, a characteristic that may benefit them because reproduction is regularly challenged by drought, fire activity, and disease. This information is important for understanding the complex life history of this endangered ranid frog and can help guide efforts to manage and recover the species.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Longevity, age-specific survival, and mean generation time of Rana muscosa: Implications for conservation of possibly the longest lived Ranid frog
Series title Ecology and Evolution
DOI 10.1002/ece3.72213
Volume 15
Issue 10
Publication Date October 08, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher Wiley
Contributing office(s) Fort Collins Science Center, Western Ecological Research Center
Description e72213, 11 p.
Country United States
State California
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