Monitoring recreation on federally managed lands and waters—Aspects of visitor use

SocArXiv
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Abstract

Federally managed public lands and waters receive about 1 billion recreational visits each year. Data on these visitors can aid in guiding policy decisions, managing resources effectively, and communicating the economic contributions of lands and waters. This report explores the methods used by agencies to collect data on aspects of recreational visitor use to Federal lands and waters (apart from visitation numbers, which are the focus of a companion publication). Aspects of recreational visitor use include visitor demographics, recreational activity participation, visitor satisfaction, visitor attitudes and experiences, trip characteristics, and economic contributions. We review practices used to understand aspects of visitor use across seven Federal agencies, revealing similarities such as the use of visitor intercept surveys and coverage of similar topic area, and differences in how survey programs are operationalized and how specific questions on visitor surveys are worded. We also evaluate emerging technologies, such as geolocated social media and mobile device location data, for their potential to aid in understanding aspects of visitor use. This report concludes with potential opportunities to enhance data collection and coordination, ensuring cost-effective data collection and informed decision-making.

Publication type Preprint
Publication Subtype Preprint
Title Monitoring recreation on federally managed lands and waters—Aspects of visitor use
Series title SocArXiv
DOI 10.31235/osf.io/usq34_v1
Publication Date January 16, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher SocArXiv
Contributing office(s) Fort Collins Science Center
Description 71 p.
Additional publication details