Abiotic and biotic controls of non-native perennial plant success in drylands

Nature Ecology and Evolution
By: , and 

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Abstract

Drivers of non-native plant success in drylands are poorly understood. Here we identify functional differences between dryland native and non-native perennial plants and assess how biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors shape the success of the latter. On the basis of plant community and functional trait data from 98 sites across 25 countries, we report a total of 41 non-native plant species at 31 sites. Non-natives tend towards faster growth strategies than natives. Non-native plant richness is higher at sites with greater grazing pressure and under environmental conditions associated with higher soil fertility, decomposition and fungal richness—conditions that tend to occur in less arid regions—and lower where native plant and herbivore richness are greater. Non-native plant cover correlates positively with grazing pressure and negatively with native plant richness. Taken together, our results suggest that non-native plant success in drylands is facilitated when high grazing pressure coincides with elevated resource availability. Such context-dependence of non-native plant success and linkages with native plant and herbivore diversity highlight the need for managing grazing and conserving biodiversity across the world’s drylands.

Suggested Citation

Rahmanian, S., Eisenhauer, N., Huang, Y., Hejda, M., Pyšek, P., Feilhauer, H., Eldridge, D.J., Gross, N., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Saiz, H., Delgado-Baquerizo, M., Berdugo, M., Ochoa, V., Gozalo, B., Asensio, S., Guirado, E., Valencia, E., García-Gómez, M., Gaitán, J.J., Mendoza, B.J., Plaza, C., Díaz-Martínez, P., Martínez-Valderrama, J., Abedi, M., Ahmadian, N., Ahumada, R.J., Amghar, F., Araújo, T., Arroyo, A.I., Ben Salem, F., Blaum, N., Boldbat, E., Boldgiv, B., Bowker, M., van den Brink, L., Bu, C., Canessa, R., Castillo-Monroy, A.P., Castro, H., Castro-Quezada, P., Chaieb, G., Chibani, R., Conceição, A.A., Davila, Y.C., Deák, B., Donoso, D.A., Dougill, A., Espinosa, C.I., Fajardo, A., Farzam, M., Ferrante, D., Franzese, J., Fraser, L.H., Geiger, E.L., Gonzalez, S.L., Montalván, E.G., Hering, R., Marais, E., Hernández, R.M., Hernández-Valdez, S., Hölzel, N., Huber-Sannwald, E., Jadán, O., Jentsch, A., Kindermann, L., Köbel, M., le Roux, P.C., Leder, C.V., Li, X., Liancourt, P., Linstädter, A., Liu, J., Louw, M.A., Maggs-Kölling, G., Makhalanyane, T.P., Issa, O.M., Manzaneda, A.J., Margerie, P., Martin, R., McClaran, M.P., Messeder, J.V., Mora, J.P., Moreno, G., Munson, S.M., Nair, G.R., Nunes, A., Oliva, G., Palpurina, S., Peter, G., Pueyo, Y., Quiroga, E., Reed, S.C., Rey, P.J., Rodríguez, A., Rolo, V., Ruppert, J.C., Salah, A., Sarig, S., Singh, B.K., Swemmer, A.M., Teixido, A.L., Thomas, A.D., Tielbörger, K., Travers, S.K., Valkó, O., Wamiti, W., Wang, D., Wang, L., Wardle, G.M., Wolff, P., Yahdjian, L., Oñatibia, G.R., Yari, R., Zaady, E., Zhang, Y., Zhou, X., Maestre, F.T., 2026, Abiotic and biotic controls of non-native perennial plant success in drylands: Nature Ecology and Evolution, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02971-6.

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Abiotic and biotic controls of non-native perennial plant success in drylands
Series title Nature Ecology and Evolution
DOI 10.1038/s41559-025-02971-6
Edition Online First
Publication Date February 06, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher Springer Nature
Contributing office(s) Southwest Biological Science Center
Additional publication details