Observations of tear-drinking by lepidopterans on moose (Alces alces americana) in northeastern North America

Ecosphere
By: , and 

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Abstract

Lepidoptera have long been known to feed on the tears of vertebrates as a presumed source of minerals or nutrients. While this unusual behavior has been observed in a variety of species, only a single previous record has been documented outside of the tropics. Here, we present the first documentation of moths visiting the eyes of a bull moose (Alces americanus americanus), captured via trail camera in Green Mountain National Forest, Vermont, United States. We discuss the biogeography of this behavior, how it may differ between tropical and temperate climates, and its potential impact on moose health.

Suggested Citation

Clarfeld, L.A., Gieder, K.D., Donovan, T.M., 2025, Observations of tear-drinking by lepidopterans on moose (Alces alces americana) in northeastern North America: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 11, e70422, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70422.

Study Area

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Observations of tear-drinking by lepidopterans on moose (Alces alces americana) in northeastern North America
Series title Ecosphere
DOI 10.1002/ecs2.70422
Volume 16
Issue 11
Publication Date November 20, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher Ecological Society of America
Contributing office(s) Coop Res Unit Leetown
Description e70422, 5 p.
Country United States
State Vermont
Other Geospatial Green Mountains
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