Generating geochemical and mineralogy distributions of soil in the conterminous United States using Bayesian hierarchical spatial models

MethodsX
By: , and 

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Abstract

Characterizing geochemical and mineralogical soil distributions across large spatial extents is essential for understanding mineral resources, ecosystem processes, and environmental risks. Rasters of soil geochemical distributions for the conterminous United States, however, are limited. We present a Bayesian modeling workflow and tool for generating predictive geochemical and mineralogy distribution maps for the conterminous United States using integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) with the stochastic partial differential equation approach. By modeling soil geostatistical data with environmental covariates (soil properties, topography, climate, and land cover), we generate predictive distributions of soil geochemistry that can be mapped or extracted for further analyses. As an example, we model the spatial distribution of trace elements in soil relevant to vertebrate health (cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc) and provide a workflow that can be used to generate and visualize predictive distributions of 39 other major and trace elements and 21 minerals of the soil survey, supporting a variety of ecological, environmental, and agricultural applications.

Suggested Citation

Bondo, K.J., Wolf, T.M., and Walter, W., 2026, Generating geochemical and mineralogy distributions of soil in the conterminous United States using Bayesian hierarchical spatial models: MethodsX, v. 16, 103836, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2026.103836.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Generating geochemical and mineralogy distributions of soil in the conterminous United States using Bayesian hierarchical spatial models
Series title MethodsX
DOI 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103836
Volume 16
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher Elsevier
Contributing office(s) Coop Res Unit Leetown
Description 103836, 16 p.
Country United States
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