Exploring the use of non-invasive drone-based Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to characterize biogenic gas dynamics in subtropical peat soils

JGR Biogeosciences
By: , and 

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Abstract

Peat soils are a critical component of the global carbon cycle as natural producers of biogenic greenhouse gases (e.g., methane and carbon dioxide) that accumulate within the soil matrix and are episodically released to the atmosphere. Previous studies have showed the unique ability of ground-based minimally-invasive geophysical methods like ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to characterize carbon dynamics in peat soils. However, the GPR methods are still limited by the scale of measurements and soil disturbance potentially altering biogenic gas releases during deployment. Here we explore the potential of drone-based GPR for identification of hot spots and hot moments of gas accumulation and release in subtropical peat soils. We collected drone-based GPR datasets across two grids (~ 17,500 m2) in the Florida Everglades during January, September, and November of 2023 to characterize peat thickness and seasonal variability of gas content. Results show that drone-based GPR is effective and efficient for: 1) capturing the temporal variation of in-situ biogenic gas content in peat soils with changes between 1-25% volumetric gas content over repeatable grids; 2) inferring peat thickness from discrete measurements ranging between 0.8-1.2 m; and 3) estimating methane flux releases of 63 and 135 mg CH4 m-2 day-1 for specific locations and time periods that are strikingly consistent with our coincident gas trap measurements. This work also indicates that (1) spatial distribution of gas content in the Everglades is strongly controlled by landscape morphology such as ridges and sloughs and (2) the temporal variation of gas content is seasonal with increased gas production during the wet season.

Suggested Citation

Comas, X., Terry, N.C., Islam, M.R., Brodylo, D., and Zhang, C., 2025, Exploring the use of non-invasive drone-based Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to characterize biogenic gas dynamics in subtropical peat soils: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 130, no. 11, e2025JG008891, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JG008891.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Exploring the use of non-invasive drone-based Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to characterize biogenic gas dynamics in subtropical peat soils
Series title JGR Biogeosciences
DOI 10.1029/2025JG008891
Volume 130
Issue 11
Publication Date November 04, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher American Geophysical Union
Contributing office(s) New York Water Science Center
Description e2025JG008891, 17 p.
Country United States
State Florida
Other Geospatial Everglades, Water Conservation Area 2A
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