Multi-objective optimization of a hydro-economic model in an over-allocated agricultural basin

Groundwater
By: , and 

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Abstract

Groundwater depletion for agricultural irrigation poses significant environmental and economic challenges. This study introduces a proof-of-concept that combines hydro-economic modeling, scenario-based modeling, and multi-objective optimization to manage pumping curtailment in an over-allocated basin in the western United States. Three optimization scenarios were evaluated, each offering different degrees of management flexibility. Results reveal that scenarios with finer spatial resolution achieved greater environmental benefits per unit profit loss. Additionally, strategies allowing fractional reductions in curtailed wells–rather than complete shutdowns based on water rights seniority–substantially improved efficiency, highlighting the value of increased decision-making flexibility. Although scenario testing can aid stakeholder engagement and strategy exploration, multi-objective optimization provides a systematic framework to quantify tradeoffs between competing objectives. This combined approach demonstrates promise for building consensus and supporting the design of sustainable water management strategies that balance agricultural livelihoods with ecosystem preservation.

Suggested Citation

Markovich, K.H., Fienen, M., Corson-Dosch, N., Cecile Coulon, White, J., and Gingerich, S., 2026, Multi-objective optimization of a hydro-economic model in an over-allocated agricultural basin: Groundwater, v. 64, no. 3, p. 278-294, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70051.

Study Area

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Multi-objective optimization of a hydro-economic model in an over-allocated agricultural basin
Series title Groundwater
DOI 10.1111/gwat.70051
Volume 64
Issue 3
Publication Date March 19, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher National Groundwater Association
Contributing office(s) Upper Midwest Water Science Center
Description 17 p.
First page 278
Last page 294
Country United States
State Oregon
Other Geospatial Harney Basin
Additional publication details