Functional restructuring of the global soil microbiome under multiple stressors

Nature Communications
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Abstract

Microbes, as the planet’s most abundant and diverse organisms, drive soil functions globally and are vulnerable to environmental stressors triggered by global change. Yet, knowledge regarding the impacts of multiple environmental stressors on their functional profiles as well as the consequences for soil functionality largely remains unknown. Here, we analyze two global-scale datasets including information on soil metagenomics and multiple environmental stressors. We find that across terrestrial ecosystems worldwide, up to 60% of all functional genes significantly shift when soil microbes experience the high-level of concurrent stressors. In this regard, the relative abundances of genes involved in microbial growth are negatively linked to the increasing number of stressors. Conversely, those genes linked to stress resistance and energy production exhibit positive responses. Taken together, our findings highlight a significant restructuring of global soil functional microbiomes in response to multiple environmental stressors. Consequently, such restructuring drives community-level shifts in matter and energy reallocations, thereby impacting the maintenance of soil functionality under the projected global change.

Suggested Citation

Chen, R., Luo, S., Feng, Y., Maestre, F.T., Sáez-Sandino, T., Gross, N., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Ochoa, V., Gózalo, B., Guirado, E., García-Gómez, M., Valencia, E., Asensio, S., Martínez-Valderrama, J., Mendoza, B.J., Abades, S., Alfaro, F.D., Barrett, M., Berdugo, M., Blanco Pastor, J.L., Blaum, N., Boldgiv, B., Bowker, M.A., Castro, H., Chu, H., Cutler, N.A., Dai, Z., Deák, B., Duran, J., Iván Espinosa, C., Fajardo, A., Fan, K., Foronda, A., Fraser, L.H., Geissler, K., Grebenc, T., Gusmán-Montalván, E., Hart, S.C., Kindermann, L., Köbel, M., Laanisto, L., le Roux, P.C., Liancourt, P., Linstädter, A., Louw, M.A., Macek, P., Maggs-Kölling, G., Makhalanyane, T.P., Manzaneda, A.J., Marais, E., Montesinos, D., Mora, J.P., Moreno, G., Munson, S.M., Muñoz-Rojas, M., Nair, G.R., Neuhauser, S., Nunes, A., Plaza, C., Pueyo, Y., Rey, P.J., Rey, A., de los Ríos, A., Rodríguez, A., Rodriguez Lozano, B., Roman, R., Ruppert, J.C., Salah, A., Singh, J., Throop, H.L., Travers, S.K., Unuk Nahberger, T., Uuganbayar, M., Valkó, O., Wang, L., Williams, M.A., Xiong, C., Xu, J., Zaady, E., Ma, B., Singh, B.K., and Delgado-Baquerizo, M., 2026, Functional restructuring of the global soil microbiome under multiple stressors: Nature Communications, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73231-9.

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Functional restructuring of the global soil microbiome under multiple stressors
Series title Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-73231-9
Edition Online First
Publication Date May 19, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher Nature
Contributing office(s) Southwest Biological Science Center
Additional publication details