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Beryllium—A critical mineral commodity—Resources, production, and supply chain

Fact Sheet 2016-3081
By: , , , and 
https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163081

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Abstract

Beryllium is a lightweight metallic element used in a wide variety of specialty and industrial applications. As a function of its unique chemical and physical properties, such as a high stiffness-to-weight ratio, resistance to temperature extremes, and high thermal conductivity, beryllium cannot be easily replaced by substitute materials in applications where combinations of these properties make it the material of choice. Because the number of beryllium producers is limited and the use of substitute materials in specific defense-related applications that are vital to national security is inadequate, several studies have categorized beryllium as a critical and strategic material. This categorization has led to the United States Government recommending that beryllium be stockpiled for use in the event of a national emergency. As of December 31, 2015, the National Defense Stockpile inventory of hot-pressed beryllium metal powder, structured beryllium metal powder, and vacuum-cast beryllium metal totaled 78 metric tons (t).

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Program supports research on the occurrence, quality, quantity, and availability of mineral resources vital to the economy and national security. The USGS, through its National Minerals Information Center (NMIC), collects, analyzes, and disseminates information on more than 90 nonfuel mineral commodities from more than 180 countries. This fact sheet provides information on the production, consumption, supply chain, geology, and resource availability of beryllium in a global context.

Suggested Citation

Lederer, G.W., Foley, N.K., Jaskula, B.W., and Ayuso, R.A., 2016, Beryllium—A critical mineral commodity—Resources, production, and supply chain: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3081, 4 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163081.

ISSN: 2327-6932 (online)

ISSN: 2327-6916 (print)

Table of Contents

  • Global Beryllium Production
  • U.S. Beryllium Consumption
  • Beryllium Supply Chain
  • Geology and Resource Availability
  • Beryllium Resources and Future Supply 
  • References Cited
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title Beryllium—A critical mineral commodity—Resources, production, and supply chain
Series title Fact Sheet
Series number 2016-3081
DOI 10.3133/fs20163081
Year Published 2016
Language English
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Publisher location Reston, VA
Contributing office(s) Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center, National Minerals Information Center
Description 4 p.
Online Only (Y/N) N
Google Analytic Metrics Metrics page
Additional publication details