Advancements towards selective barrier passage by automatic species identification: Applications of deep convolutional neural networks on images of dewatered fish
Jesse Eickholt, Dylan Kelly, Janine Bryan, Scott M. Miehls, Daniel Zielinski
2020, ICES Journal of Marine Science (77) 2804-2813
Invasive species negatively affect enterprises such as fisheries, agriculture, and international trade. In the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin, threats include invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the four major Chinese carps. Barriers have proven to be an effective mechanism for managing invasive species but are detrimental in that they also...
Land subsidence contributions to relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas
Yi Liu, Jiang Li, John Fasullo, Devin Galloway
2020, Scientific Reports (10)
Relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas, is the combination of absolute sea level rise and land subsidence. We estimate subsidence rates of 3.53 mm/a during 1909–1937, 6.08 mm/a during 1937–1983, and 3.51 mm/a since 1983. Subsidence attributed to aquifer-system compaction accompanying groundwater extraction contributed as much as 85%...
Simulated estuary-wide response of seagrass (Zostera marina) to future scenarios of temperature and sea level
Cara Scalpone, Jessie Jarvis, James Vasslides, Jeremy Testa, Neil K. Ganju
2020, Frontiers in Marine Science (7)
Seagrass communities are a vital component of estuarine ecosystems, but are threatened by projected sea level rise (SLR) and temperature increases with climate change. To understand these potential effects, we developed a spatially explicit model that represents seagrass (Zostera marina) habitat and estuary-wide productivity for Barnegat Bay-Little Egg...
Sensitivity of storm response to antecedent topography in the XBeach model
Rangley C. Mickey, P. Soupy Dalyander, Robert T. McCall, Davina Passeri
2020, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (8)
Antecedent topography is an important aspect of coastal morphology when studying and forecasting coastal change hazards. The uncertainty in morphologic response of storm-impact models and their use in short-term hazard forecasting and decadal forecasting is important to account for when considering a coupled model framework. This study...
Understanding the relationship between stream metabolism and biological assemblages
Mark D. Munn, Rich W. Sheibley, Ian R. Waite, Michael Meador
2020, Freshwater Science (39) 680-692
Biological assemblages are commonly used for assessing stream health, but there is increased interest among the freshwater research community in incorporating measures of stream function, such as metabolism, to strengthen stream-health assessments. Presently, there is limited information about the relationships between stream metabolism and biological assemblages, along...
Introduction to life cycles, taxonomy, distribution and basic research techniques
Gediminas Valkiunas, Carter T. Atkinson
2020, Book chapter, Avian Malaria and Related Parasites in the Tropics
Avian haemosporidian parasites are a closely related group of apicomplexan parasites with important similarities in their life cycles, development, physiology, and reproduction. Current phylogenies based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes reflect more traditional attempts to classify these organisms based on life history characteristics and morphology, but limited sampling...
An interactive data visualization framework for exploring geospatial environmental datasets and model predictions
Jeffrey D. Walker, Benjamin Letcher, Kirk D. Rodgers, Clint C. Muhlfeld, Vincent S. D’Angelo
2020, Water (12)
With the rise of large-scale environmental models comes new challenges for how we best utilize this information in research, management and decision making. Interactive data visualizations can make large and complex datasets easier to access and explore, which can lead to knowledge discovery, hypothesis formation and improved...
Using environmental DNA (eDNA) to detect the endangered Spectaclecase Mussel (Margaritifera monodonta)
Yer Lor, Theresa M. Schreier, Diane L. Waller, Christopher M. Merkes
2020, Freshwater Science (39) 837-847
Margaritifera monodonta, or the Spectaclecase Mussel, is a federally endangered freshwater mussel species that has experienced a 55% reduction in range and is currently concentrated in 3 rivers in the Midwest region of the United States (Gasconade and Meramec rivers, Missouri, and St Croix River, Wisconsin). The detection of new...
Warming of alpine tundra enhances belowground production and shifts community towards resource acquisition traits
Yan Yang, Julia A. Klein, Daniel E. Winkler, Ahui Peng, Brynne E. Lazarus, Matthew Germino, Katherine Suding, Jane G. Smith, Lara M. Kueppers
2020, Ecosphere (11)
Climate warming is expected to stimulate plant growth in high‐elevation and high‐latitude ecosystems, significantly increasing aboveground net primary production (ANPP). However, the effects of simultaneous changes in temperature, snowmelt timing, and summer water availability on total net primary production (NPP)—and elucidation of both above‐ and belowground responses—remain an important area...
Modeling false positives
Marc Kery, Andy Royle
2020, Book chapter, Applied hierarchical modeling in ecology: Analysis of distribution, abundance and species richness in R and BUGS
Many of the models we are concerned with included explicit descriptions of false negative errors. However, false positive errors can also be commin in practice, especially in citizen science applications where observer skill is highly variable. In addition, new methods which determine detection based on statistical classification or machine learning...
Diurnal timing of nonmigratory movement by birds: The importance of foraging spatial scales
Julie M. Mallon, Marlee A. Tucker, Annalea Beard, Richard O Bierregaard, Keith L. Bildstein, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, John N. Brzorad, Evan R. Buechley, Javier Bustamante, Carlos Carrapato, Jose Alfredo Castillo-Guerrero, Elizabeth Clingham, Mark Desholm, Christopher R. DeSorbo, Robert Domenech, Hayley Douglas, Olivier Duriez, Peter Enggist, Nina Farwig, Wolfgang Fiedler, Anna Gagliardo, Clara García‐Ripollés, Jose Antonio Gil Gallus, Morgan E. Gilmour, Roi Harel, Autumn-Lynn Harrison, Leeann Henry, Todd E. Katzner, Roland Kays, Erik Kleyheeg, Rubén Limiñana, Pascual Lopez-Lopez, Giuseppe Lucia, Alan Maccarone, Egidio Mallia, Ugo Mellone, E.K. Mojica, Ran Nathan, Scott H. Newman, Steffen Oppel, Yotam Orchan, Diann J. Prosser, Hannah Riley, Sascha Rösner, Dana G. Schabo, Holger Schulz, Scott A. Shaffer, Adam Shreading, João Paulo Silva, Jolene Sim, Henrik Skov, Orr Spiegel, Matthew J. Stuber, John Y. Takekawa, Vicente Urios, Javier Vidal-Mateo, Kevin Warner, Bryan D. Watts, Nicola Weber, Sam Weber, Martin Wikelski, Ramunas Zydelis, Thomas Mueller, William F. Fagan
2020, Journal of Avian Biology (51)
Timing of activity can reveal an organism's efforts to optimize foraging either by minimizing energy loss through passive movement or by maximizing energetic gain through foraging. Here, we assess whether signals of either of these strategies are detectable in the timing of activity of daily, local movements by birds. We...
Modeling three-dimensional flow over spur-and-groove morphology
Renan da Silva, Curt D. Storlazzi, Justin S. Rogers, Johan Reyns, Robert T. McCall
2020, Coral Reefs (39) 1841-1858
Spur-and-groove (SAG) morphology characterizes the fore reef of many coral reefs worldwide. Although the existence and geometrical properties of SAG have been well documented, an understanding of the hydrodynamics over them is limited. Here, the three-dimensional flow patterns over SAG formations, and a sensitivity of those...
Injection‐induced earthquakes near Milan, Kansas, controlled by Karstic Networks
Charlene Joubert, Reza Sohrabi, Justin Rubinstein, Gunnar Jansen, Stephen A Miller
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
Induced earthquakes from waste disposal operations in otherwise tectonically stable regions significantly increases seismic hazard. It remains unclear why injections induce large earthquakes on non‐optimally oriented faults kilometers below the injection horizon, particularly since fluids are not injected under pressure, but rather poured, into the well as...
Application of the RSPARROW modeling tool to estimate total nitrogen sources to streams and evaluate source reduction management scenarios in the Grande River Basin, Brazil
Matthew P. Miller, Marcelo L de Souza, Richard B Alexander, Lillian E. Gorman Sanisaca, Alexandre de Amorim Teixeira, Alison P. Appling
2020, Water (12)
Large-domain hydrological models are increasingly needed to support water-resource assessment and management in large river basins. Here, we describe results for the first Brazilian application of the SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model using a new open-source modeling and interactive decision support system tool (RSPARROW) to quantify the...
Estimating population-specific predation effects on Chinook salmon via data integration
Mark H. Sorel, Richard W. Zabel, Devin S. Johnson, A. Michelle Wargo Rub, Sarah J. Converse
Hamish McCallum, editor(s)
2020, Journal of Applied Ecology (58) 372-381
Recent success in the conservation of many marine mammals has resulted in new management challenges due to increasing conflict with fisheries. Increasing predation by pinnipeds on threatened salmon is of particular concern. Seemingly, pinniped conservation is now in conflict with the recovery of threatened salmon, creating a dilemma for...
Estimated groundwater withdrawals from principal aquifers in the United States, 2015
John K. Lovelace, Martha G. Nielsen, Amy L. Read, Chid J. Murphy, Molly A. Maupin
2020, Circular 1464
In 2015, about 84,600 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of groundwater were withdrawn in the United States for various uses including public supply, self-supplied domestic, industrial, mining, thermoelectric power, aquaculture, livestock, and irrigation. Of this total, about 94 percent (79,200 Mgal/d) was withdrawn from principal aquifers, which are defined as...
From pools to flow: The PROMISE framework for new insights on soil carbon cycling in a changing world
Bonnie G. Waring, Benjamin N. Sulman, Sasha C. Reed, A. Peyton Smith, Colin Averill, Courtney Creamer, Daniela F. Cusack, Steven J. Hall, Julie Jastrow, Kenneth M. Kemner, Markus Kleber, Xiao-Jun Allen Liu, Jennifer Pett-Ridge, Marjorie S. Schulz
2020, Global Change Biology (26) 6631-6643
Soils represent the largest terrestrial reservoir of organic carbon, and the balance between soil organic carbon (SOC) formation and loss will drive powerful carbon‐climate feedbacks over the coming century. To date, efforts to predict SOC dynamics have rested on pool‐based models, which assume classes of SOC with internally homogenous physicochemical...
Delineation of flood-inundation areas in Grapevine Canyon near Scotty’s Castle, Death Valley National Park, California
Christopher M. Morris, Toby L. Welborn, J. Toby Minear
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5082
On October 18, 2015, a large flood caused considerable damage in Grapevine Canyon near Death Valley Scotty Historic District, in Death Valley National Park, California. Significant channel changes had limited the applicability of previously created flood-inundation maps to current conditions. Predicted flood-inundation maps for Scotty’s Castle were updated using one-dimensional...
A comparison of the CMIP6 midHolocene and lig127k simulations in CESM2
Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Esther C. Brady, Robert A Tomas, Samuel Albani, Patrick J. Bartlein, Natalie M Mahowald, Sarah Shafer, Erik Kluzek, Peter J Lawrence, Gunter Leguy, Matthew Rothstein, Aleah Sommers
2020, Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology (35)
Results are presented and compared for the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) simulations of the middle Holocene (MH, 6 ka) and Last Interglacial (LIG, 127 ka). These simulations are designated as Tier 1 experiments (midHolocene and lig127k) for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) and the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project...
Variables affecting resource subsidies from streams and rivers to land and their susceptibility to global change stressors
Jeffrey Muehlbauer, Stefano Larsen, Micael Jonsson, Erik J.S. Emilson
2020, Book chapter, Contaminants and ecological subsidies
Stream and river ecosystems provide subsidies of emergent adult aquatic insects and other resources to terrestrial food webs, and this lotic–land subsidy has garnered much attention in recent research. Here, we critically examine a list of biotic and abiotic variables—including productivity, dominant taxa, geomorphology, and weather—that should be...
Introduction: Ecological subsidies as a framework for understanding contaminant fate, exposure, and effects at the land-water interface
David Walters, Johanna M. Kraus, Marc A. Mills
2020, Book chapter, Contaminants and Ecological Subsidies: The Land-Water Interface
Ecologists have long recognized that ecological subsidies (the flow of organic matter, nutrients, and organisms between ecosystems) can strongly affect ecosystem processes and community structure in the recipient ecosystem. Animal movements, organic matter flows, and food web dynamics between linked aquatic and terrestrial systems can also influence contaminant fate, exposure,...
Synthesis: A framework for predicting the dark side of ecological subsidies
Johanna M. Kraus, Jeff Wessner, David Walters
2020, Book chapter, Contaminants and ecological subsidies
In this chapter, we synthesize the state of the science regarding ecological subsidies and contaminants at the land-water interface and suggest research and management approaches for linked freshwater-terrestrial ecosystems. Specifically, we focus on movements of animals with complex life histories and the detrital inputs associated with animal and...
Cross-ecosystem linkages and trace metals at the land-water interface
Johanna M. Kraus, Justin F. Pomeranz
2020, Book chapter, Contaminants and ecological subsidies
At low concentrations, trace metals are critical for sustaining life on Earth. However, at high concentrations, they become a global contaminant with particularly strong effects on freshwater communities. These effects can propagate to terrestrial ecosystems in part by altering production and community structure of adult aquatic insect emergence...
Aquifer transmissivity in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties, New York, estimated from specific-capacity tests at production wells
John Williams, Madison Woodley, Jason S. Finkelstein
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1108
As part of a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation to evaluate the sustainability of Long Island’s sole-source aquifer system, the transmissivities of four aquifers were estimated from specific-capacity tests at 447 production wells in Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties...
Trophic structure of apex fish communities in closed versus leaky lakes of arctic Alaska
Stephen L. Klobucar, Phaedra E. Budy
2020, Oecologia (194) 491-504
Despite low species diversity and primary production, trophic structure (e.g., top predator species, predator size) is surprisingly variable among Arctic lakes. We investigated trophic structure in lakes of arctic Alaska containing arctic char Salvelinus alpinus using stomach contents and stable isotope ratios in two geographically-close but hydrologically-distinct lake clusters to investigate how...
