A maximum rupture model for the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto Faults California, derived from paleoseismic earthquake ages: Observations and limitations
Katherine M. Scharer, Doug Yule
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
Paleoseismic rupture histories provide spatiotemporal models of earthquake moment release needed to test numerical models and lengthen the instrumental catalog. We develop a model of the fewest and thus largest magnitude earthquakes permitted by paleoseismic data for the last 1,500 years on the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto Faults, California,...
Estimating soil organic carbon redistribution in three major river basins of China based on erosion processes
Yan Yang, Qiuan Zhu, Jinxun Liu, Mingxu Li, Minshu Yuan, Huai Chen, Changhui Peng, Zhenan Yang
2020, Soil Research (58) 540-550
Soil erosion by water affects soil organic carbon (SOC) migration and distribution, which are important processes for defining ecosystem carbon sources and sinks. Little has been done to quantify soil carbon erosion in the three major basins in China, the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Pearl River Basins, which contain...
Segmentation and supercycles: A catalog of earthquake rupture patterns from the Sumatran Sunda Megathrust and other well-studied faults worldwide
Belle E. Philibosian, Aron J. Meltzner
2020, Quaternary Science Reviews (241)
After more than 100 years of earthquake research, earthquake forecasting, which relies on knowledge of past fault rupture patterns, has become the foundation for societal defense against seismic natural disasters. A concept that has come into focus more recently is that rupture segmentation and cyclicity can be complex, and that...
Assessing nest attentiveness of Common Terns via video cameras and temperature loggers
Jeffery D. Sullivan, Paul R. Marban, Jennifer M. Mullinax, David F. Brinker, Petter C. McGowan, Carl C. Callahan, Diann Prosser
2020, Avian Research (11)
While nest attentiveness plays a critical role in the reproductive success of avian species, little nest attentiveness data with high temporal resolution is available for many species. However, improvements in both video monitoring and temperature logging devices present an opportunity to improve our understanding of this aspect of avian behavior....
Development of a two-stage life cycle model for Oncorhynchus kisutch (coho salmon) in the upper Cowlitz River Basin, Washington
John M. Plumb, Russell W. Perry
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1068
Recovery of salmon populations in the upper Cowlitz River Basin depends on trap-and-haul efforts owing to impassable dams. Therefore, successful recovery depends on the collection of out-migrating juvenile salmon at Cowlitz Falls Dam (CFD) for transport below downstream dams, as well as the collection of adults for transport upstream from...
Calibrated simulation of the long-term average surficial groundwater system and derived spatial distributions of its characteristics for the contiguous United States
Wesley O. Zell, Ward E. Sanford
2020, Water Resources Research (56)
While the physical processes governing groundwater flow are well understood, and the computational resources now exist for solving the governing equations in three dimensions over continental-scale domains, there remains substantial uncertainty about the subsurface distribution of the properties that control groundwater flow and transport for much of the contiguous United...
Deep Learning as a tool to forecast hydrologic response for landslide-prone hillslopes
Elijah Orland, Joshua J. Roering, Matthew A. Thomas, Benjamin B. Mirus
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
Empirical thresholds for landslide warning systems have benefitted from the incorporation of soil‐hydrologic monitoring data, but the mechanistic basis for their predictive capabilities is limited. Although physically based hydrologic models can accurately simulate changes in soil moisture and pore pressure that promote landslides, their utility is restricted...
Modeling the surface water and groundwater budgets of the US using MODFLOW-OWHM
Mustafa H Alattar, Tara J Troy, Tess A Russo, Scott E. Boyce
2020, Advances in Water Resources (143)
Assessments of groundwater and surface water budgets at a large scale, such as the contiguous United States, often separately analyze the complex dynamics linking the surface and subsurface categories of water resources. These dynamics include recharge and groundwater contributions to streamflow. The...
Wildfire-initiated talik development exceeds current thaw projections: Observations and models from Alaska's continuous permafrost zone
David M. Rey, Michelle A. Walvoord, Burke J. Minsley, Brian A. Ebel, Clifford I. Voss, Kamini Singha
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
As the Arctic warms and wildfire occurrence increases, talik formation in permafrost regions is projected to expand and affect the cycling of water and carbon. Yet, few unified field and modeling studies have examined this process in detail, particularly in areas of continuous permafrost. We address this gap by presenting...
A national-scale assessment of mercury bioaccumulation in United States National Parks using dragonfly larvae as biosentinels through a citizen-science framework
Collin A. Eagles-Smith, James Willacker, Sarah J. Nelson, Collen M Flanagan Pritz, David P. Krabbenhoft, Celia Y. Chen, Joshua T. Ackerman, Evan H. Campbell Grant, David S. Pilliod
2020, Environmental Science and Technology (54) 8779-8790
We conducted a national-scale assessment of mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems using dragonfly larvae as biosentinels, by developing a citizen science network to facilitate biological sampling. Implementing a carefully designed sampling methodology for citizen scientists, we developed an effective framework for landscape-level inquiry that might otherwise be resource limited....
Height-related changes in forest composition, not tree vulnerability, explain increasing mortality with height during an extreme drought
Nathan L. Stephenson, Adrian Das
2020, Nature Communications (11)
Recently, Stovall et al.1 (hereafter SSY) showed that during an extreme drought, remotely sensed mortality of tall trees was more than double that of short trees. They interpreted this to be a consequence of inherently greater hydraulic vulnerability of tall trees, and suggested that tall-tree vulnerability should thus generalize...
Beloniformes: Belonidae (Needlefishes) and Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Bruce B. Collette, Stephen Walsh
2020, Book chapter, Freshwater fishes of North America, volume 2: Characidae to poeciliidae
The order Beloniformes (or Synentognathi) contains two suborders, six families, 37 genera, and about 235 species of atherinomorph fishes (Rosen & Parenti 1981; Collette et al. 1984; Collette 2004). Features common to these fishes include dorsal and anal fins on the rear half of the body, abdominal pelvic fins with...
Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the Lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2018
Patrick J. Ryan
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1061
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, plans to deepen the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, from 40 to 47 feet along 13 miles of the river channel, beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, in order to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo...
Human behavioral response in the Ridgecrest earthquakes: Assessing immediate actions based on data from “Did You Feel It?”
James D. Goltz, Hyejeong Park, Vince Quitoriano, David J. Wald
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 1589-1602
Human behavioral response to earthquake ground motion has long been a subject of multidisciplinary interest and research. In most versions of seismic intensity scales, human perceptions and behavior are one component of the assignment of intensity. Public health research has shown that actions taken during earthquakes have a significant impact...
Do two wrongs make a right? Persistent uncertainties regarding environmental selenium-mercury interactions
Jacqueline R. Gerson, David Walters, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Emily S. Bernhardt, Jessica E Brandt
2020, Environmental Science and Technology (54) 9228-9234
Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive environmental pollutant and contaminant of concern for both people and wildlife that has been a focus of environmental remediation efforts for decades. A growing body of literature has motivated calls for revising Hg consumption advisories to...
Hydrologic export is a major component of coastal wetland carbon budgets
Matthew Bogard, Brian A. Bergamaschi, David Butman, Frank Anderson, Sara Knox, Lisamarie Windham-Myers
2020, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (34)
Coastal wetlands are among the most productive habitats on Earth and sequester globally significant amounts of atmospheric carbon (C). Extreme rates of soil C accumulation are widely assumed to reflect efficient C storage. Yet the fraction of wetland C lost via hydrologic export has not been...
Insights into mercury source identification and bioaccumulation using stable isotope approaches in the Hannibal Pool of the Ohio River
Sarah E. Janssen, Kathleen A. Patnode, Bruce R Pluta, David P. Krabbenhoft
2020, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (17) 233-242
Mercury contamination in river systems due to historic and current Hg releases is a persistent concern for both wildlife and human health. In larger rivers, like the Ohio River, USA, it is difficult to directly link Hg discharges to bioaccumulation due to the existence of multiple industrial Hg sources as...
Dietary versus nondietary fatty acid profiles of lake trout ecotypes from Lake Superior and Great Bear Lake: Are fish really what they eat?
Louise Chavarie, John P. Hoffmann, A. M. Muir, C. C. Krueger, C.R. Bronte, K.L. Howland, S.P. Gallagher, S. P. Sitar, M.J. Hansen, Mark Vinson, L.F. Baker, L.L. Loseto, William M. Tonn, H. Swanson
2020, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (77) 1209-1220
Fatty acids are well-established biomarkers used to characterize trophic ecology, food-web linkages, and the ecological niche of many different taxa. Most often, fatty acids that are examined include only those previously identified as “dietary” or “extended dietary” biomarkers. Fatty acids considered as nondietary biomarkers, however, represent numerous fatty acids that...
Improved fish counting method accurately quantifies high‐density fish movement in dual‐frequency identification sonar data files from a coastal wetland environment
Michael R. Eggleston, Scott W. Milne, Maxwell Ramsay, Kurt P. Kowalski
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 883-892
There are many ways to quantify fish movement through shallow‐water habitats, but most noninvasive methods (e.g., visual counts) are not effective in turbid coastal wetland waters of the Great Lakes. Dual‐frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) technology (Sound Metrics) offers a noninvasive, hydroacoustic‐based approach to characterize fish movement in wetlands and other...
The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)
David A. Swanson, Jill A. Shaffer, Lawrence D. Igl
2020, Professional Paper 1842-FF
Keys to Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) management are providing extensive grasslands of intermediate height and density with a well-developed litter layer, controlling succession, and protecting nesting habitat from disturbance during the breeding season. Savannah Sparrows have been reported to use habitats with 11–190 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 4–50 cm...
Structure contour and overburden maps of the Niobrara interval of the Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana
Thomas M. Finn
2020, Scientific Investigations Map 3457
The Bighorn Basin is a large intermontane sedimentary and structural basin that formed during the Laramide orogeny. The first commercial hydrocarbon production in the Bighorn Basin was established in 1906 from Cretaceous reservoirs at Garland field followed by the discovery of Greybull field in 1907. Since then, many important conventional...
Piscivory in recovering Lake Michigan Cisco (Coregonus artedi): The role of invasive species
Ben S Breaker, Kevin L. Pangle, Kevin Donner, Jason Smith, Benjamin A. Turschak, Randall M. Claramunt, David Bunnell, Jory L. Jonas
2020, Journal of Great Lakes Research (46) 1402-1411
Contemporary conditions in Lake Michigan where cisco (Coregonus artedi) populations are expanding are vastly different from those encountered by the historic fish community. Invasive species introductions have substantially altered the Lake Michigan ecosystem in the last half century. Successful management efforts for cisco in Lake Michigan hinge on our ability...
Accidental chlorophacinone exposure of lactating ewes: Clinical follow-up and human health dietary implications
Meg-Anne Moriceau, Sebastien Lefebvre, Isabelle Fourel, Etienne Benoit, Barnett A. Rattner, Virginie Lattard
Sebastien Lefebvre, Isabelle Fourel, Etienne Benoit, Barnett A. Rattner, Virginie Lattard, editor(s)
2020, Food and Chemical Toxicology (143)
Anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used for rodent control in agricultural and urban settings. Their intense use can sometimes result in accidental exposure and even poisoning of livestock. Can milk, eggs or meat derived from such accidentally exposed animals be consumed by humans? Data on the pharmacokinetics of chlorophacinone in milk...
The role of warm, dry summers and variation in snowpack on phytoplankton dynamics in high-elevation lakes
Isabella A. Oleksy, Whitney Beck, R. Lammers, Cara Steger, Cody Wilson, Kyle Christensen, Kim Vincent, Pieter Johnson, Jill Baron
2020, Ecology (101)
Abstract Climate change is altering biogeochemical, metabolic, and ecological functions in lakes across the globe. Historically, mountain lakes in temperate regions have been unproductive due to brief ice-free seasons, a snowmelt-driven hydrograph, cold temperatures, and steep topography with low vegetation and soil cover. We tested the relative importance of winter and...
Dating silica sinter (geyserite): A cautionary tale
Dakota M. Churchill, Michael Manga, Shaul Hurwitz, Sara Peek, Joseph Licciardi, James B. Paces
2020, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (402)
We describe a new effort to date hydrothermal silica sinter deposits (geyserite) from the Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park using 14C of co-deposited organic matter, U-series and cosmogenic 10Be methods. A majority of the samples were collected from stratigraphic sections, mainly at Riverside, Giant, and Castle Geysers. Ages...
