Variation of annual apparent survival and detection rates with age, year, and individual identity in male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) from long-term mark-recapture data
Jamie L. Brusa, Jay J. Rotella, Robert A. Garrott, J. Terrill Paterson, William Link
2020, Population Ecology (62) 134-150
Exploring age- and sex-specific survival rates provides insight regarding population behavior and life-history trait evolution, but many population studies exclude males. Accordingly, our understanding of how age-specific patterns of survival, including actuarial senescence, compare between the sexes remains inadequate. Using 35 years of mark-recapture data for 7,516...
Simulation of post-hurricane impact on invasive species with biological control management
Linhao Xu, Marya Claire Zdechlik, Melissa C. Smith, Min B. Rayamajhi, Don DeAngelis, Bo Zhang
2020, Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems-A (40) 4059-4071
Understanding the effects of hurricanes and other large storms on ecological communities and the post-event recovery in these communities can guide management and ecosystem restoration. This is particularly important for communities impacted by invasive species, as the hurricane may affect control efforts. Here we consider the effect of a hurricane...
Caribou use of habitat near energy development in Arctic Alaska
Heather E. Johnson, Trevor Golden, Layne G. Adams, David Gustine, Elizabeth A. Lenart
2020, Journal of Wildlife Management (84) 401-412
Increasing demands for energy have generated interest in expanding oil and gas production on the North Slope of Alaska, raising questions about the resilience of barren-ground caribou populations to new development. Although the amount of habitat lost directly to energy development in the Arctic will likely be relatively small, there...
An assessment of the representation of ecosystems in global protected areas using new maps of World Climate Regions and World Ecosystems
Roger Sayre, Deniz Karagulle, Charlie Frye, Timothy Boucher, Nicholas Wolff, Sean Breyer, Dawn Wright, Madeline T. Martin, Kevin Butler, Keith Van Graafeiland, Jerry Touval, Leonardo Sotomayor, Jennifer McGowan, Edward T. Game, Hugh P. Possingham
2020, Global Ecology and Conservation (21)
Representation of ecosystems in protected area networks and conservation strategies is a core principle of global conservation priority setting approaches and a commitment in Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) explicitly call for the conservation of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems....
Testing reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in North American unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems
Paul C. Hackley, Carla V. Araujo, Angeles G. Borrego, Antonis Bouzinos, Brian J. Cardott, H. Carvajal-Ortiz, Martha Rocio Lopez Cely, Vongani Chabalala, Peter J. Crosdale, Thomas D. Demchuk, Cortland F. Eble, Deolinda Flores, Agnieszka Furmann, Thomas Gentzis, Paula Goncalves, Carsten Guvad, M. Hamor-Vido, Iwona Jelonek, M. Johnston, Tatiana Juliao-Lemus, Stavros Kalaitzidis, Wayne Knowles, Jolanta Kus, Zhongsheng Li, Gordon Macleod, Maria Mastalerz, Taissa Rego Menezes, Seare Ocubalidet, Richard Orban, Walter Pickel, Paddy Ranasinghe, Joana Ribeiro, Olga Patricia Gomez Rojas, Ricardo Ruiz-Monroy, Jaques Schmidt, Abbas Seyedolali, Georgios Siavalas, Isabel Suarez-Ruiz, Carlos Vargas Vargas, Brett J. Valentine, Nicola Wagner, Bree Wrolson, Julian Esteban Jaramillo Zapata
2020, Marine and Petroleum Geology (114)
An interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted to test reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in six mudrock samples from United States unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems. Samples selected from the Marcellus, Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Bakken and Woodford are...
Traversing the wasteland: A framework for assessing ecological threats to drylands
David L. Hoover, Brandon T. Bestelmeyer, Nancy B. Grimm, Travis E. Huxman, Sasha C. Reed, Osvaldo E. Sala, Timothy Seastedt, Hailey Wilmer, Scott Ferrenberg
2020, BioScience (70) 35-47
Drylands cover 41% of the Earth's terrestrial surface, play a critical role in global ecosystem function, and are home to over two billion people. Like other biomes, drylands face increasing pressure from global change, but many of these ecosystems are close to tipping points, which, if crossed, can lead...
Rapid early development and feeding benefits an invasive population of lake trout
Lee G. Simard, J Ellen Marsden, Robert E. Gresswell, Megan Euclide
2020, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (77) 496-504
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were discovered in Yellowstone Lake in 1994 and their population expanded dramatically despite intensive suppression. The lake is species-depauperate, with no major lake trout embryo predators. We hypothesized that without this predation threat, lake trout free embryo feeding and growth may be greater than in their...
Fault fictions: Systematic biases in the conceptualization of fault-zone architecture
Zoe K Shipton, Jennifer J Roberts, Comrie Emma L, Yannick Kremer, Rebecca J Lunn, Jonathan Caine
2020, Special Publications (496) 125-143
Mental models are a human's internal representation of the real world and have an important role in the way we understand and reason about uncertainties, explore potential options and make decisions. Mental models have not yet received much attention in geosciences, yet systematic biases can affect...
UAV-derived estimates of forest structure to inform ponderosa pine forest restoration
Adam Belmonte, Temuulen T. Sankey, Joel A. Biederman, John B. Bradford, Scott J. Goetz, Thomas Kolb, Travis Woolley
2020, Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation (6) 181-197
Restoring forest ecosystems has become an increasingly high priority for land managers across the American West. Millions of hectares of forest are in need of drastic yet strategic reductions in density (e.g., basal area). Meeting the restoration and management goals requires quantifying metrics of vertical and horizontal forest structure, which...
Time scales of arsenic variability and the role of high-frequency monitoring at three water-supply wells in New Hampshire, USA
James R. Degnan, Joseph P. Levitt, Melinda Erickson, Bryant C. Jurgens, Bruce D. Lindsey, Joseph D. Ayotte
2020, Science of the Total Environment (709)
Groundwater geochemistry, redox process classification, high-frequency physicochemical and hydrologic measurements, and climate data were analyzed to identify controls on arsenic (As) concentration changes. Groundwater was monitored in two public-supply wells (one glacial aquifer and one bedrock aquifer), and one bedrock-aquifer domestic well in New...
The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches
Chris S. Eckley, Cynthia C Gilmour, Sarah E. Janssen, Todd P Luxton, Paul M Randall, Lindsay Whalin, Carrie Austin
2020, Science of the Total Environment (707)
Remediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated sites has long relied on traditional approaches, such as removal and containment/capping. Here we review contemporary practices in the assessment and remediation of industrial-scale Hg contaminated sites and discuss recent advances. Significant improvements have been made in site assessment, including the use of XRF to...
Seismo-acoustic evidence for vent drying during shallow submarine eruptions at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska
David Fee, John J. Lyons, Matthew M. Haney, Aaron Wech, Christopher F. Waythomas, Angela K. Diefenbach, Taryn Lopez, Alexa R. Van Eaton, David J. Schneider
2020, Bulletin of Volcanology Special Issue on the Bogoslof Eruption (82)
Characterizing the state of the volcanic vent is key for interpreting observational datasets and accurately assessing volcanic hazards. This is particularly true for remote, complex eruptions such as the 2016–2017 Bogoslof volcano, Alaska eruption sequence. Bogoslof’s eruptions in this period were either shallow submarine or subaerial, or some combination of...
Traveling to thermal refuges during stressful temperatures leads to foraging constraints in a central-place forager
Catherine G. Haase, Robert J. Fletcher Jr., Daniel H. Slone, James P. Reid, Susan M. Butler
2020, Journal of Mammalogy (101) 271-280
Central-place foragers can be constrained by the distance between habitats. When an organism relies on a central place for thermal refuge, the distance to food resources can potentially constrain foraging behavior. We investigated the effect of distance between thermal refuges and forage patches of the cold-intolerant marine mammal, the Florida...
Species traits predict stream-fish invaders in an Appalachian (U.S.A.) river basin
Joseph D. Buckwalter, Emmanuel A Frimpong, Paul L. Angermeier, Jacob N. Barney
2020, Freshwater Biology (65) 552-564
We compared the influence of biological traits (morphology, physiology, reproduction, and life history), ecological traits (geographic distribution, habitat associations, food habits), and introduction attributes (propagule pressure, human use of a species, residence time) on invasion success of native and introduced stream fishes during the colonisation and spread stages in...
Not all fuel‐reduction treatments degrade biocrusts: Herbicides cause mostly neutral to positive effects on cover of biocrusts
Lea A. Condon, Margaret L Gray
2020, Land Degradation & Development (31) 1727-1734
In response to increasing fire, fuel‐reduction treatments are being used to minimize large fire risk. Although biocrusts are associated with reduced cover of fire‐promoting, invasive grasses, the impact of fuel‐reduction treatments on biocrusts is poorly understood. We use data from a long‐term experiment, the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project, testing...
A comparison of the Trojan Y Chromosome strategy to harvesting models for eradication of nonnative species
Jingjing Lyu, Pamela J. Schofield, Kristen Reaver, Matthew Beauregard, Rana D. Parshad
2020, Natural Resource Modeling (33)
The Trojan Y Chromosome strategy (TYC) is a promising eradication method for biological control of nonnative species. The strategy works by manipulating the sex ratio of a population through the introduction of supermales that guarantee male offspring. In the current study, we compare the TYC method with a pure harvesting strategy. We...
Chronic and episodic acidification of streams along the Appalachian Trail corridor, eastern United States
Douglas A. Burns, Todd McDonnell, Karen C. Rice, Gregory B. Lawrence, Timothy Sullivan
2020, Hydrological Processes (34) 1498-1513
Acidic atmospheric deposition has adversely affected aquatic ecosystems globally. As emissions and deposition of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) have declined in recent decades across North America and Europe, ecosystem recovery is evident in many surface waters. However, persistent chronic and episodic acidification remain important concerns in vulnerable regions. We...
Potential changes to the biology and challenges to the management of invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus in the Laurentian Great Lakes due to climate change
Robert J. Lennox, Gale A. Bravener, Hsien-Yung Lin, Charles P. Madenjian, Andrew M. Muir, Christina K. Remucal, Kelly F. Robinson, Andrew M. Rous, Michael J. Siefkes, Michael P. Wilkie, Daniel P. Zielinski, Steven J. Cooke
2020, Global Change Biology (26) 1118-1137
Control programs are implemented to mitigate the damage caused by invasive species worldwide. In the highly invaded Great Lakes, the climate is expected to become warmer with more extreme weather and variable precipitation, resulting in shorter iced‐over periods and variable tributary flows as well as changes to pH and river...
USGS near-real-time products-and their use-for the 2018 Anchorage earthquake
Eric M. Thompson, Sara K. McBride, Gavin P. Hayes, Kate E. Allstadt, Lisa Wald, David J. Wald, Keith L. Knudsen, Charles Worden, Kristin Marano, Randall W. Jibson, Alex R. Grant
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 94-113
In the minutes to hours after a major earthquake, such as the recent 2018 Mw">Mw 7.1 Anchorage event, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produces a suite of interconnected earthquake products that provides diverse information...
Preface to the focus section on the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake
Natalia Ruppert, Robert C. Witter
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 16-18
On 30 November 2018, a magnitude (Mw">Mw) 7.1 intraslab earthquake occurred under the most densely populated area of Alaska, ∼12  km"><span id="MathJax-Span-17"...
Evaluation of ground‐motion models for U.S. Geological Survey seismic hazard models: 2018 Anchorage, Alaska, Mw 7.1 subduction zone earthquake sequence
Daniel E. McNamara, Emily Wolin, Peter M. Powers, Allison Shumway, Morgan P. Moschetti, John Rekoske, Eric M. Thompson, Charles Mueller, Mark D. Petersen
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 183-194
Instrumental ground‐motion recordings from the 2018 Anchorage, Alaska (Mw">Mw 7.1), earthquake sequence provide an independent data set allowing us to evaluate the predictive power of ground‐motion models (GMMs) for...
Effects of Cenozoic subduction along the outboard margin of the Northern Cordillera: Derived from e-book on the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and Western Canada) and adjacent marine areas
Warren J. Nokleberg, David Scholl, Thomas K. Bundtzen, David B. Stone
2020, Geosphere (16) 33-61
This article describes the regional effects of Cenozoic subduction along the outboard margin of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska, USA, and Western Canada), and thereby acquaints the reader with several chapters of the e-book Dynamic Geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska, Western Canada, and Adjacent Marine Areas). This article and the e-book...
Spatial and temporal behavioral differences between angler-access types
D. S. Kane, Mark A Kaemingk, Christopher J. Chizinski, Kevin L. Pope
2020, Fisheries Research
Recreational angler surveys typically collect information on how anglers access a fishery. Yet, it is unclear how this information is useful for fisheries management and conservation. The objective of this study was to compare behavior (e.g., party size, time fished, and numbers of fish released and harvested) of bank and...
Reverberating effects of resource exchanges in stream–riparian food webs
Scott F. Collins, Colden V. Baxter, Amy M. Marcarelli, Laura Felicetti, Scott Florin, Mark S. Wipfli, Gregg Servheen
2020, Oecologia (192) 179-189
Fluxes of materials or organisms across ecological boundaries, often termed “resource subsidies,” directly affect recipient food webs. Few studies have addressed how such direct responses in one ecosystem may, in turn, influence the fluxes of materials or organisms to other habitats or the potential for feedback relationships to occur among...
Seismic survey design and impacts to maternal polar bear dens
Ryan H. Wilson, George M. Durner
2020, Journal of Wildlife Management (84) 201-212
Large‐scale industrial activities can have negative effects on wildlife populations. Some of these effects, however, could be reduced with effective planning prior to development. The Coastal Plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, in northeastern Alaska, USA, is an important maternal denning area for polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Recent legislation...
