Quantifying source and sink habitats and pathways in spatially structured populations: A generalized modelling approach
James E. Diffendorfer, Christine Sample, Joanna A Beiri, Benjamin L. Allen, Yulia Dementieva, Alyssa Carson, Connar Higgins, Sadie Piatt, Shirley Qiu, Summer Stafford, Brady J. Mattsson, Darius J. Semmens, Wayne E. Thogmartin
2019, Ecological Modelling (407) 1-10
The ability to classify habitats and movement pathways as sources or sinks is an important part of the decision making process for the conservation of spatially structured populations. Diverse approaches have been used to quantify the importance of habitats and pathways in a spatial network, however these approaches have been...
Global ecological predictors of the soil priming effect
Felipe Bastida, Carlos M. Garcia, Noah Fierer, David J. Eldridge, Matthew A. Bowker, Sebastian R. Abades, Fernando D. Alfaro, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Nick A. Cutler, Antonio Gallardo, Laura Garcia-Velazquez, Stephen C. Hart, Patrick E. Hayes, Teresa Hernandez, Zeng-Yei Hseu, Nico Jehmlich, Martin Kirchmair, Hans Lambers, Sigrid Neuhauser, Victor M. Pena-Ramirez, Cecilia A. Perez, Sasha C. Reed, Fernanda Santos, Christina Siebe, Benjamin W. Sullivan, Pankaj Trivedi, Alfonso Vera, Mark A. Williams, Jose M. Moreno, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
2019, Nature Communications (10)
Identifying the global drivers of soil priming is essential to understanding C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. We conducted a survey of soils across 86 globally-distributed locations, spanning a wide range of climates, biotic communities, and soil conditions, and evaluated the apparent soil priming effect using 13C-glucose labeling. Here we show that...
Remote sensing of dryland ecosystem structure and function: Progress, challenges, and opportunities
William K. Smith, Matthew P. Dannenberg, Dong Yan, Stephanie Herrmann, Mallory L. Barnes, Greg A. Barron-Gafford, Joel A. Biederman, Scott Ferrenberg, Andrew M. Fox, Amy R. Hudson, John F. Knowles, Natasha MacBean, David J.P. Moore, Pamela L. Nagler, Sasha C. Reed, William A. Rutherford, Russell L. Scott, Xianfeng Wang, Julia Yang
2019, Remote Sensing of Environment (233)
Drylands make up roughly 40% of the Earth's land surface, and billions of people depend on services provided by these critically important ecosystems. Despite their relatively sparse vegetation, dryland ecosystems are structurally and functionally diverse, and emerging evidence suggests that these ecosystems...
A novel method for the extraction, purification and characterization of noble gases in produced fluids
Rebecca L. Tyne, Peter H Barry, D J Hillegonds, Andrew G. Hunt, Justin T. Kulongoski, Michael J. Stephens, D.J. Byrne, C. J. Ballentine
2019, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (20) 5588-5597
Hydrocarbon systems with declining or viscous oil production are often stimulated using enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, such as the injection of water, steam and CO2, in order to increase oil and gas production. As EOR and other methods of enhancing production such as hydraulic fracturing have become more prevalent,...
Mountain-block recharge: A review of current understanding
Katherine Markovich, Andrew H. Manning, Laura Condon, Jennifer McIntosh
2019, Water Resources Research (55) 8278-8304
Mountain-block recharge (MBR) is the subsurface inflow of groundwater to lowland aquifers from adjacent mountains. MBR can be a major component of recharge but remains difficult to characterize and quantify due to limited hydrogeologic, climatic, and other data in the mountain block and at the mountain front. The number of...
Adapterama II: Universal amplicon sequencing on Illumina platforms (TaggiMatrix)
Travis C Glenn, Todd W Pierson, Natalia J Bayona-Vasquez, Troy J. Kieran, Sandra L. Hoffberg, Jesse Thomas, Daniel E. Lefever, John W. Finger Jr., Bei Gao, Xiaoming Bian, Swarnali Louha, Ramya Kolli, Kerin Bentley, Julie Rushmore, Kelvin Wong, Michael Rothrock, Anna M. McKee, Tai L. Guo, Rodney Mauricio, Marirosa Molina, Brian Cummings, Lawrence H. Lash, Kun Lu, Gregory S. Gilbert, Stephen P. Hubbell, Brant C. Faircloth
2019, PeerJ
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of amplicons is used in a wide variety of contexts. In many cases, NGS amplicon sequencing remains overly expensive and inflexible, with library preparation strategies relying upon the fusion of locus-specific primers to full-length adapter sequences with a single identifying sequence or ligating adapters onto PCR products....
Do parents synchronise nest visits as an antipredator adaptation in birds of New Zealand and Tasmania?
Nyil Khwaja, Melanie Massaro, Thomas E. Martin, James V. Briskie
2019, Frontiers in Ecology and Environment (7)
Birds with altricial offspring need to feed them regularly, but each feeding visit risks drawing attention to the nest and revealing its location to potential predators. Synchronisation of visits by both parents has been suggested as a behavioural adaptation to reduce the risk of nest predation. Under this hypothesis, higher...
sUAS-based remote sensing of river discharge using thermal particle image velocimetry and bathymetric lidar
Paul J. Kinzel, Carl J. Legleiter
2019, Remote Sensing (11)
This paper describes a non-contact methodology for computing river discharge based on data collected from small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). The approach is complete in that both surface velocity and channel geometry are measured directly under field conditions. The technique does not require introducing artificial tracer particles for computing...
Tropical cyclones and the organization of mangrove forests: A review
Ken Krauss, Michael Osland
2019, Annals of Botany (123) 213-234
Background Many mangrove ecosystems are periodically exposed to high velocity winds and surge from tropical cyclones and often recover with time and continue to provide numerous societal benefits in the wake of storm events. Scope This review focuses on the drivers and disturbance mechanisms (visible and functional) that tropical cyclones of various intensities...
Drought in the U.S. Caribbean: Impacts to freshwater ecosystems
Bonnie Myers
2019, Conference Paper, U.S. Caribbean drought workshop
Healthy and functioning freshwater ecosystems are needed for successful conservation and management of native fish and invertebrate species, and the services they provide to human communities, across the U.S. Caribbean. Yet streams, rivers, and reservoirs are vulnerable to the effects of extreme weather events, urbanization, energy and water development, and...
Flood-frequency estimates for Ohio streamgages based on data through water year 2015 and techniques for estimating flood-frequency characteristics of rural, unregulated Ohio streams
G. F. Koltun
2019, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5018
Estimates of the magnitudes of annual peak streamflows with annual exceedance probabilities of 0.5, 0.2, 0.1, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, and 0.002 (equivalent to recurrence intervals of 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years, respectively) were computed for 391 streamgages in Ohio and adjacent states based on data collected through...
Catalog of microscopic organisms of the Everglades, part 2—The desmids of the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge
Barry H. Rosen, Katherine N. Stahlhut, John D. Hall
2019, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5074
The Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge (refuge), Boynton Beach, Florida, contains approximately 147,000 acres southeast of Lake Okeechobee. Water quality in the interior portion of the refuge is strongly influenced by rainfall, resulting in slightly acidic waters with low dissolved ions. Desmids, a unique, ornate group of green...
Characteristics of feeding sites of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) in the human-dominated landscape of Southern California
Jonathan C. Hall, Melissa A. Braham, Lee Ann Nolan, Jamison Conley, Joseph Brandt, Laura C. Mendenhall, Michael J. Lanzone, Andrew J. McGann, Todd E. Katzner
2019, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (131) 459-471
Wildlife conservation is often improved by understanding the movement ecology of species and adapting management strategies to dynamic conditions associated with movement. Despite a remarkable recovery over the past 30 year, the establishment of self-sustaining populations of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) has been challenging in the human-dominated landscapes of southern...
Baseline environmental monitoring of groundwater, surface water, and soil at the Ammonium Perchlorate Rocket Motor Destruction Facility at the Letterkenny Army Depot, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, 2016
Daniel G. Galeone
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1094
Letterkenny Army Depot in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, built an Ammonium Perchlorate Rocket Motor Destruction (ARMD) facility in 2016. The ARMD Facility was designed to centralize rocket motor destruction and contain or capture all waste during the destruction process. Ideally, there would be no contaminant transport to air, soil, or water from...
Flood-inundation maps for Nimishillen Creek near North Industry, Ohio, 2019
Matthew T. Whitehead
2019, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5083
Digital flood-inundation maps for a 4-mile reach of Nimishillen Creek near North Industry, Ohio, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District, Ohio, and the Stark County Board of Commissioners. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation...
Short-term geomorphological and riparian vegetation responses to a 40-year flood on a braided, dryland river
Eduardo Gozalez, Patrick B. Shafroth, Steven R. Lee, Glen T. Leverich, Rafael Real de Asua, Rebecca A. Sherry, Steven M. Ostoja, Bruce K. Orr
2019, Ecohydrology (12)
In December 2010, a 40-yr flood occurred in the lower Virgin River (SE Nevada, southwestern U.S.), a braided river segment with riparian vegetation largely dominated by invasive shrubs in the genus Tamarix. We assessed geomorphological and vegetation responses to this large magnitude disturbance event by comparing pre- and post-flood remote...
Research Note: How old are the people who die in avalanches? A look into the ages of avalanche victims in the United States (1950-2018)
Erich Peitzsch, Sara Boilen, Karl W. Birkeland, Spencer Logan
2019, Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Since the winter of 1950-1951, 1084 individuals perished in snow avalanches in the United States. In this study, we analyze the ages of those killed (n=900) by applying non-parametric methods to annual median ages and for age groups and primary activity groups. Change point detection results suggest a significant change...
Integrating stream gage data and Landsat imagery to complete time-series of surface water extents in Central Valley, California
Jessica J. Walker, Christopher E. Soulard, Roy E. Petrakis
2019, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (84)
Accurate monitoring of surface water location and extent is critical for the management of diverse water resource phenomena. The multi-decadal archive of Landsat satellite imagery is punctuated by missing data due to cloud cover during acquisition times, hindering the assembly of a continuous time series of inundation dynamics. This study...
Assessing the feasibility of satellite-based thresholds for hydrologically driven landsliding
Matthew A. Thomas, Brian D. Collins, Benjamin B. Mirus
2019, Water Resources Research (55) 9006-9023
Elevated soil moisture and heavy precipitation contribute to landslides worldwide. These environmental variables are now being resolved with satellites at spatiotemporal scales that could offer new perspectives on the development of landslide warning systems. However, the application of these data to hydro-meteorological thresholds (which account for antecedent soil moisture and...
Sampling across 20 years (1996–2017) reveals loss of diversity and genetic connectivity in the Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata)
Amy G. Vandergast, Dustin A. Wood, Mark Fisher, Cameron W. Barrows, Anna Mitelberg, Julia G. Smith
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1105
The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) is a federally threatened, aeolian sand dune obligate, endemic to the Coachella Valley, California. Historically, U. inornata is thought to have formed a large interconnected metapopulation across the valley, with local dune habitat and population size fluctuations linked to stochastic droughts and flooding. Since the...
Real-time assessments of water quality—A nowcast for Escherichia coli and cyanobacterial toxins
Donna S. Francy, Amie M.G. Brady, Tammy M. Zimmerman
2019, Fact Sheet 2019-3061
Threats to our recreational and drinking waters include disease-causing (pathogenic) organisms from fecal contamination and toxins produced by some species of cyanobacteria (cyanotoxins) that can cause acute and (or) chronic illnesses. Because traditional laboratory methods for detecting these threats take too long for prompt public health protection, tools for real-time...
Improving Darwin Core for research and management of alien species
Quentin J. Groom, Peter Desmet, Lien Reyserhove, Tim Adriaens, Damiano Oldoni, Sonia Vanderhoeven, Steven J Baskauf, Arthur Chapman, Melodie McGeoch, Ramona Walls, John Wieczorek, John RU Wilson, Paula FF Zermoglio, Annie Simpson
2019, Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 1-24
To improve the suitability of the Darwin Core standard for the research and management of alien species, the standard needs to express the native status of organisms, how well established they are and how they came to occupy a location. To facilitate this, we propose: 1. To adopt a controlled...
Morphological computation of dune evolution with equilibrium and non-equilibrium sediment-transport models
Satomi Yamaguchi, Sanjay Giri, Yasuyuki Shimizu, Jonathan M. Nelson
2019, Water Resources Research (55) 8463-8477
This paper presents an exploratory study that comprises the implementation and comparison of different approaches and parameterization of sediment transport mechanisms in a process-based morphological model for simulating river dunes. The purpose of this study was to assess the underlying physical processes associated with sediment transport and dune evolution simulated...
Geology and assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the East Greenland Rift Basins Province, 2008
Donald L. Gautier
Thomas E. Moore, Donald L. Gautier, editor(s)
2019, Professional Paper 1824-K
In 2007 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed an assessment of undiscovered, technically recoverable oil and gas resources in the East Greenland Rift Basins Province of Northeast Greenland. The province was selected as the prototype for the U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA). In collaboration with the Geological Survey...
Managing sand along the Colorado River to protect cultural sites downstream of Glen Canyon Dam
Terri Cook, Amy East, Helen Fairley, Joel B. Sankey
2019, Fact Sheet 2019-3054
The construction of Glen Canyon Dam in northern Arizona has greatly reduced the supply of sand to the Colorado River corridor through Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and Grand Canyon National Park, hereafter referred to as Glen Canyon and Grand Canyon, respectively. This deficit has strongly affected the natural sediment...
