Magmatism, ash-flow tuffs, and calderas of the ignimbrite flareup in the western Nevada volcanic field, Great Basin, USA
Christopher D. Henry, David A. John
2013, Geosphere (9) 951-1008
The western Nevada volcanic field is the western third of a belt of calderas through Nevada and western Utah. Twenty-three calderas and their caldera-forming tuffs are reasonably well identified in the western Nevada volcanic field, and the presence of at least another 14 areally extensive, apparently voluminous ash-flow tuffs...
Vascular flora of saline lakes in the southern high plains of Texas and eastern New Mexico
David J. Rosen, Warren C. Conway, David A. Haukos, Amber D. Caskey
2013, Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas (7) 595-602
Saline lakes and freshwater playas form the principal surface hydrological feature of the High Plains of the Southern Great Plains. Saline lakes number less than 50 and historically functioned as discharge wetlands with relatively consistent water availability due to the presence of one or more springs. Currently, less than ten...
Distance, dams and drift: What structures populations of an endangered, benthic stream fish?
James H. Roberts, Paul L. Angermeier, Eric M. Hallerman
2013, Freshwater Biology (58) 2050-2064
Spatial population structure plays an important role in species persistence, evolution and conservation. Benthic stream fishes are diverse and frequently imperilled, yet the determinants and spatial scaling of their population structure are understudied. We investigated the range-wide population genetic structure of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex), an endangered, benthic stream fish...
Thermal tolerance of meltwater stonefly Lednia tumana nymphs from an alpine stream in Waterton–Glacier International Peace Park, Montana, USA
Hilary G. Billman, J. Joseph Giersch, K.M. Kappenman, Clint C. Muhlfeld, Molly A. H. Webb
2013, Freshwater Science (32) 597-605
Global climate change threatens to affect negatively the structure, function, and diversity of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. In alpine systems, the thermal tolerances of stream invertebrates can be assessed to understand better the potential effects of rising ambient temperatures and continued loss of glaciers and snowpack on alpine stream ecosystems. We...
Land surface phenology
Jonathan M. Hanes, Li Li, Jeffrey T. Morisette
2013, Book chapter, Biophysical Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing
Certain vegetation types (e.g., deciduous shrubs, deciduous trees, grasslands) have distinct life cycles marked by the growth and senescence of leaves and periods of enhanced photosynthetic activity. Where these types exist, recurring changes in foliage alter the reflectance of electromagnetic radiation from the land surface, which can be measured using...
The 2011 M = 9.0 Tohoku oki earthquake more than doubled the probability of large shocks beneath Tokyo
Shinji Toda, Ross S. Stein
2013, Geophysical Research Letters (40) 2562-2566
1] The Kanto seismic corridor surrounding Tokyo has hosted four to five M ≥ 7 earthquakes in the past 400 years. Immediately after the Tohoku earthquake, the seismicity rate in the corridor jumped 10-fold, while the rate of normal focal mechanisms dropped in half. The seismicity rate decayed for 6–12 months, after which it...
Use of fragile geologic structures as indicators of unexceeded ground motions and direct constraints on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis
J. W. Baker, John W. Whitney, Thomas C. Hanks, Norman A. Abramson, Mark P. Board
2013, BSSA (103) 1898-1911
We present a quantitative procedure for constraining probabilistic seismic hazard analysis results at a given site, based on the existence of fragile geologic structures at that site. We illustrate this procedure by analyzing precarious rocks and undamaged lithophysae at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The key metric is the probability that the...
Extremely arsenic-rich, pH-neutral waters from the Giant Mine, Canada
D. Kirk Nordstrom
2013, Conference Paper
Roasting arsenopyrite-bearing gold ore for more than fifty years has resulted in nearly 300,000 tons of arsenic trioxide waste at the Giant mine near Yellowknife, NWT, Canada. Most of this has been stored in underground chambers sealed with concrete bulkheads. Seepages from underground drillholes and fractures contain up to 4,000...
Rapid chemical evolution of tropospheric volcanic emissions from Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, based on observations of ozone and halogen-containing gases
Cynthia A. Werner, Peter J. Kelly, Christoph Kern, T.J. Roberts, A. Aluppe
2013, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (259) 317-333
We report results from an observational and modeling study of reactive chemistry in the tropospheric plume emitted by Redoubt Volcano, Alaska. Our measurements include the first observations of Br and I degassing from an Alaskan volcano, the first study of O3 evolution in a volcanic plume, as well as the first...
Black bear density in Glacier National Park, Montana
Jeff B. Stetz, Katherine C. Kendall, Amy C. Macleod
2013, Wildlife Society Bulletin (38) 60-70
We report the first abundance and density estimates for American black bears (Ursus americanus) in Glacier National Park (NP),Montana, USA.We used data from 2 independent and concurrent noninvasive genetic sampling methods—hair traps and bear rubs—collected during 2004 to generate individual black bear encounter histories for use in closed population mark–recapture...
4D petroleum system model of the Mississippian System in the Anadarko Basin Province, Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, and Colorado, U.S.A.
Debra K. Higley
2013, Mountain Geologist (50) 81-98
The Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian Woodford Shale is an important petroleum source rock for Mississippian reservoirs in the Anadarko Basin Province of Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, and Colorado, based on results from a 4D petroleum system model of the basin. The Woodford Shale underlies Mississippian strata over most of the...
Incorporating probabilistic seasonal climate forecasts into river management using a risk-based framework
Richard S. Sojda, Erin Towler, Mike Roberts, Balaji Rajagopalan
2013, Water Resources Research (49) 4997-5008
[1] Despite the influence of hydroclimate on river ecosystems, most efforts to date have focused on using climate information to predict streamflow for water supply. However, as water demands intensify and river systems are increasingly stressed, research is needed to explicitly integrate climate into streamflow forecasts that are relevant to...
Localized extinction of an arboreal desert lizard caused by habitat fragmentation
Adrian Munguia-Vega, Ricardo Rodriguez-Estrella, William W. Shaw, Melanie Culver
2013, Biological Conservation (157) 11-20
We adopted a species’ perspective for predicting extinction risk in a small, endemic, and strictly scansorial lizard (Urosaurus nigricaudus), in an old (∼60 year) and highly fragmented (8% habitat remaining) agricultural landscape from the Sonoran Desert, Mexico. We genotyped 10 microsatellite loci in 280 individuals from 11 populations in fragmented and continuous...
New microsatellite loci isolated via next-generation sequencing for two endangered pronghorn from the Sonoran Desert
Adrian Munguia-Vega, Anastasia Klimova, Melanie Culver
2013, Conservation Genetics Resources (5) 125-127
We isolated 16 novel microsatellite loci in two subspecies of endangered desert pronghorns (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis and Antilocapra americana peninsularis) using a shotgun pyrosequencing approach. All and 87.5 % of the loci were polymorphic within each subspecies, respectively. The mean number of alleles per locus was 4.86 (range 2–8) and...
Stable stress‐drop measurements and their variability: Implications for ground‐motion prediction
Thomas C. Hanks, Annemarie S. Baltay, Gregory C. Beroza
2013, BSSA (103) 211-222
We estimate the arms‐stress drop, Graphic, (Hanks, 1979) using acceleration time records of 59 earthquakes from two earthquake sequences in eastern Honshu, Japan. These acceleration‐based static stress drops compare well to stress drops calculated for the same events by Baltay et al. (2011) using an empirical Green’s function (eGf) approach....
Introduction to a special section: Ecology, culture, and management of Burbot
Martin A. Stapanian, Charles P. Madenjian
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 1659-1661
The Burbot Lota lota is the only truly freshwater member of the cod family (Gadidae) and one of only two species of freshwater fish that have a circumpolar range (McPhail and Lindsey 1970; McPhail and Paragamian 2000). Two subspecies of Lota lota have been documented: Lota lota maculosa, which is...
Chronological history of zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissenidae) in North America, 1988-2010
Amy J. Benson
2013, Book chapter, Quagga and zebra mussels: biology, impacts, and control
An unprecedented invasion began in North America in the mid-/late-1980s when two Eurasian mussel species, Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel), became established in Laurentian Great Lakes. It is believed that Lake Erie was the initial location of establishment for both species, and within 3 years,...
Conflation and aggregation of spatial data improve predictive models for species with limited habitats: a case of the threatened yellow-billed cuckoo in Arizona, USA
Miguel L. Villarreal, Charles van Riper III, Roy E. Petrakis
2013, Applied Geography (47) 57-69
Riparian vegetation provides important wildlife habitat in the Southwestern United States, but limited distributions and spatial complexity often leads to inaccurate representation in maps used to guide conservation. We test the use of data conflation and aggregation on multiple vegetation/land-cover maps to improve the accuracy of habitat models for the...
Advances and applications of occupancy models
Larissa Bailey, Darry I. MacKenzie, James D. Nichols
2013, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (5) 1269-1279
Summary: The past decade has seen an explosion in the development and application of models aimed at estimating species occurrence and occupancy dynamics while accounting for possible non-detection or species misidentification. We discuss some recent occupancy estimation methods and the biological systems that motivated their development. Collectively, these models offer...
Descriptive and geoenvironmental model for Co-Cu-Au deposits in metasedimentary rocks
John F. Slack, Craig A. Johnson, J. Douglas Causey, Karen Lund, Klaus J. Schulz, John E. Gray, Robert G. Eppinger
John F. Slack, editor(s)
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5070-G
IntroductionThis report is a revised model for a specific type of cobalt-copper-gold (Co-Cu-Au) deposit that will be evaluated in the next U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assessment of undiscovered mineral resources in the United States (see Ferrero and others, 2012). Emphasis is on providing an up-to-date deposit model that includes both...
Water-quality data of lakes and wetlands in the Yukon Flats, Alaska, 2007–2009
Douglas R. Halm, Nikki Guldager
2013, Open-File Report 2012-1208
Over a three-year period (2007–2009), in-situ measurements were taken and water-quality samples were collected from 111 lakes and wetlands located in the Yukon Flats, Alaska, during a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service wetlands inventory. The U.S. Geological Survey performed the chemical analyses on the retrieved water-quality samples. Results from the...
Water column and bed-sediment core samples collected from Brownlee Reservoir near Oxbow, Oregon, 2012
Ryan L. Fosness, Jesse Naymik, Candice B. Hopkins, John F. DeWild
2013, Data Series 809
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Idaho Power Company, collected water-column and bed-sediment core samples from eight sites in Brownlee Reservoir near Oxbow, Oregon, during May 5–7, 2012. Water-column and bed-sediment core samples were collected at each of the eight sites and analyzed for total mercury and methylmercury. Additional...
Digital-image processing and image analysis of glacier ice
Joan J. Fitzpatrick
2013, Techniques and Methods 7-D1
This document provides a methodology for extracting grain statistics from 8-bit color and grayscale images of thin sections of glacier ice—a subset of physical properties measurements typically performed on ice cores. This type of analysis is most commonly used to characterize the evolution of ice-crystal size, shape, and intercrystalline spatial...
Quagga and zebra mussels: biology, impacts, and control
Thomas F. Nalepa, Donald W. Schloesser, editor(s)
2013, Book
Quagga and Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts, and Control, Second Edition provides a broad view of the zebra/quagga mussel issue, offering a historic perspective and up-to-date information on mussel research. Comprising 48 chapters, this second edition includes reviews of mussel morphology, physiology, and behavior. It details mussel distribution and spread in...
Sediment quality assessment in tidal salt marshes in northern California, USA: An evaluation of multiple lines of evidence approach
Hyun-Min Hwang, Robert S. Carr, Gary N. Cherr, Peter G. Green, Edwin G. Grosholz, Linda Judah, Steven G. Morgan, Scott Ogle, Vanessa K. Rashbrook, Wendy L. Rose, Swee J. Teh, Carol A. Vines, Susan L. Anderson
2013, Science of the Total Environment (454-455) 189-198
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of integrating a traditional sediment quality triad approach with selected sublethal chronic indicators in resident species in assessing sediment quality in four salt marshes in northern California, USA. These included the highly contaminated (Stege Marsh) and relatively clean (China Camp)...
