Simulating future uncertainty to guide the selection of survey designs for long-term monitoring
Steven L. Garman, E. William Schweiger, Daniel J. Manier
Robert A. Gitzen, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Andrew B. Cooper, Daniel S. Licht, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies
A goal of environmental monitoring is to provide sound information on the status and trends of natural resources (Messer et al. 1991, Theobald et al. 2007, Fancy et al. 2009). When monitoring observations are acquired by measuring a subset of the population of interest, probability sampling as part of a...
Small-scale and reconnaissance surveys
Jonathan Bart, Brad A. Andres, Kyle Elliott, Charles M. Francis, Victoria Johnston, R. I. G. Morrison, Elin P. Pierce, Jennie Rausch
Jonathan Bart, Victoria Johnston, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Arctic shorebirds in North America: a decade of monitoring
This brief chapter addresses two related issues: how effort should be allocated to different parts of the sampling plan and, given optimal allocation, how large a sample will be required to achieve the PRISM accuracy target. Simulations based on data collected to date showed that 2 plots per cluster on...
Role of remote sensing for land-use and land-cover change modeling
Terry Sohl, Benjamin Sleeter
Chandra P. Giri, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Remote sensing of land use and land cover: Principles and applications
No abstract available....
Mercury cycling in terrestrial watersheds
James B. Shanley, Kevin Bishop
Michael S. Banks, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Mercury in the environment: Pattern and process
This chapter discusses mercury cycling in the terrestrial landscape, including inputs from the atmosphere, accumulation in soils and vegetation, outputs in streamflow and volatilization, and effects of land disturbance. Mercury mobility in the terrestrial landscape is strongly controlled by organic matter. About 90% of the atmospheric mercury input is retained...
Dissipation of Titans north polar cloud at northern spring equinox
Stéphane Le Mouélic, P. Rannou, S. Rodriguez, Christophe Sotin, C.A. Griffith, L. Le Corre, J. W. Barnes, R. H. Brown, K. H. Baines, B. J. Buratti, Roger N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson, G. Tobie
2012, Planetary and Space Science (60) 86-92
Saturn's Moon Titan has a thick atmosphere with a meteorological cycle. We report on the evolution of the giant cloud system covering its north pole using observations acquired by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft. A radiative transfer model in spherical geometry shows that the clouds are found at an altitude between 30 and...
A newly discovered impact crater in Titan's Senkyo: Cassini VIMS observations and comparison with other impact features
B. J. Buratti, Christophe Sotin, K. Lawrence, R. H. Brown, Stéphane Le Mouélic, J.M. Soderblom, J. Barnes, Roger N. Clark, K. H. Baines, P. D. Nicholson
2012, Planetary and Space Science (60) 18-25
Senkyo is an equatorial plain on Titan filled with dunes and surrounded by hummocky plateaus. During the Titan targeted flyby T61 on August 25, 2009, the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a circular feature, centered at 5.4° N and 341°W, that superimposes the dune fields and a...
Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys
Dustin M. Smith, Stuart A. Welsh, Philip J. Turk
2012, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (21) 160-163
Population declines of lamprey species have largely been attributed to habitat degradation, yet there still remain many unanswered questions about the relationships between lampreys and their habitats (Torgensen & Close 2004; Smith et al. 2011). One...
Habitat and landscape effects on abundance of Missouri's grassland birds
Robert B. Jacobson, Frank R. Thompson III, Rolf R. Koford, Frank A. La Sorte, Hope D. Woodward, Jane A. Fitzgerald
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 372-381
Of 6 million ha of prairie that once covered northern and western Missouri, <36,500 ha remain, with planted, managed, and restored grasslands comprising most contemporary grasslands. Most grasslands are used as pasture or hayfields. Native grasses largely have been replaced by fescue (Festuca spp.) on most private lands (almost 7 million ha)....
Community-level response of fishes and aquatic macroinvertebrates to stream restoration in a third-order tributary of the Potomac River, USA
Stephen M. Selego, Charnee L. Rose, George T. Merovich Jr., Stuart A. Welsh, James T. Anderson
2012, International Journal of Ecology
Natural stream channel design principles and riparian restoration practices were applied during spring 2010 to an agriculturally impaired reach of the Cacapon River, a tributary of the Potomac River which flows into the Chesapeake Bay. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fishes were sampled from the restoration reach, two degraded control, and two...
Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus)
Petra Wood, Therese M. Donovan
2012, The Birds of North America
With spotted breast and reddish tail, the Hermit Thrush lives up to its name. Although celebrated for its ethereal song, it is mostly a quiet and unobtrusive bird that spends much of its time in the lower branches of the undergrowth or on the forest floor, often seen flicking its...
Power analysis and trend detection for water quality monitoring data. An application for the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network
Kathryn M. Irvine, Kezia Manlove, Cynthia Hollimon
2012, Natural Resource Report NPS/GRYN/NRR-2012/556
An important consideration for long term monitoring programs is determining the required sampling effort to detect trends in specific ecological indicators of interest. To enhance the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network’s water resources protocol(s) (O’Ney 2006 and O’Ney et al. 2009 [under review]), we developed a set of tools...
Prevalence and effects of West Nile virus on wild American kestrel (Falco sparverius) populations in Colorado
Robert J. Dusek, William M. Iko, Erik K. Hofmeister
Ellen Paul, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Emerging avian disease
To assess the potential impacts of West Nile virus (WNV) on a wild population of free-ranging raptors, we investigated the prevalence and effects of WNV on American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) breeding along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in northern Colorado. We monitored kestrel nesting activity at 131 nest...
Forest Succession and Maternity Day roost selection by Myotis septentrionalis in a mesophytic hardwood forest
Alexander Silvis, W. Mark Ford, Eric R. Britzke, Nathan R. Beane, Joshua B. Johnson
2012, International Journal of Forestry Research (2012)
Conservation of summer maternity roosts is considered critical for bat management in North America, yet many aspects of the physical and environmental factors that drive roost selection are poorly understood. We tracked 58 female northern bats (Myotis septentrionalis) to 105 roost trees of 21 species on the Fort Knox military...
Lake sturgeon population attributes and reproductive structure in the Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota and Ontario
S. L. Shaw, Steven R. Chipps, Steve K. Windels, M.A.H. Webb, D. T. McLeod, D.W. Willis
2012, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (28) 168-175
Quantified were the age, growth, mortality and reproductive structure of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) collected in the US and Canadian waters of the Namakan Reservoir. The hypotheses were tested that (i) age and growth of lake sturgeon in the Namakan Reservoir would differ by sex and reproductive stage of maturity,...
A generalized model for estimating the energy density of invertebrates
Daniel A. James, Isak J. Csargo, Aaron Von Eschen, Megan D. Thul, James M. Baker, Cari-Ann Hayer, Jessica Howell, Jacob Krause, Alex Letvin, Steven R. Chipps
2012, Freshwater Science (31) 69-77
Invertebrate energy density (ED) values are traditionally measured using bomb calorimetry. However, many researchers rely on a few published literature sources to obtain ED values because of time and sampling constraints on measuring ED with bomb calorimetry. Literature values often do not account for spatial or temporal variability associated with...
Expert knowledge as a foundation for the management of secretive species and their habitat
C. Ashton Drew, Jaime Collazo
2012, Book chapter, Expert knowledge and its application in landscape ecology
In this chapter, we share lessons learned during the elicitation and application of expert knowledge in the form of a belief network model for the habitat of a waterbird, the King Rail (Rallus elegans). A belief network is a statistical framework used to graphically represent and evaluate hypothesized...
Freshwater to seawater transitions in migratory fishes
Joseph D. Zydlewski, Michael P. Wilkie
2012, Book chapter, Fish Physiology
The transition from freshwater to seawater is integral to the life history of many fishes. Diverse migratory fishes express anadromous, catadromous, and amphidromous life histories, while others make incomplete transits between freshwater and seawater. The physiological mechanisms of osmoregulation are widely conserved among phylogenetically diverse species. Diadromous fishes moving between...
Spatial analysis of geologic and hydrologic features relating to sinkhole occurrence in Jefferson County, West Virginia
Daniel H. Doctor, Katarina Z. Doctor
2012, Carbonates and Evaporites (27) 143-152
In this study the influence of geologic features related to sinkhole susceptibility was analyzed and the results were mapped for the region of Jefferson County, West Virginia. A model of sinkhole density was constructed using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) that estimated the relations among discrete geologic or hydrologic features and...
Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain
Donna L. Parrish, Paul W. Simonin, Lars G. Rudstam, Patrick J. Sullivan, Bernard Pientka
2012, Journal of Great Lakes Research (38) 115-122
Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) recently became established in Lake Champlain and may compete with native rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) for food or consume larval rainbow smelt. The strength of this effect depends partly on the spatial and temporal overlap of different age groups of the two species; therefore, we need a...
Collecting a sample of loggerhead sea turtle hatchlings before a natural emergence does not reduce nest productivity
Michael Salmon, Raymond R. Carthy, Catherine M. F. Lohmann, Kenneth J. Lohmann, Jeanette Wyneken
2012, Endangered Species Research (16) 295-299
In numerous studies involving hatchling sea turtles, researchers have collected small numbers of hatchlings from nests a few hours before the turtles would otherwise have emerged naturally. This procedure makes it possible to do experiments in which the behavioral or physiological responses of numerous hatchlings must be tested in a...
Spatio-temporal variation in male white-tailed deer harvest rates in Pennsylvania: Implications for estimating abundance
Andrew S. Norton, Duane R. Diefenbach, Bret D. Wallingford, Christopher S. Rosenberry
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 136-143
The performance of 2 popular methods that use age-at-harvest data to estimate abundance of white-tailed deer is contingent on assumptions about variation in estimates of subadult (1.5 yr old) and adult (≥2.5 yr old) male harvest rates. Auxiliary data (e.g., estimates of survival or harvest rates from radiocollared animals) can be used...
VS2DI: Model use, calibration, and validation
Richard W. Healy, Hedeff I. Essaid
2012, Transactions of the ASABE (55) 1249-1260
VS2DI is a software package for simulating water, solute, and heat transport through soils or other porous media under conditions of variable saturation. The package contains a graphical preprocessor for constructing simulations, a postprocessor for displaying simulation results, and numerical models that solve for flow and solute transport (VS2DT) and...
Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand
Dengjun Wang, Scott A. Bradford, Ronald W. Harvey, Bin Gao, Long Cang, Dongmei Zhou
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 2738-2745
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) have been widely used to remediate soil and wastewater contaminated with metals and radionuclides. However, our understanding of nHAP transport and fate is limited in natural environments that exhibit significant variability in solid and solution chemistry. The transport and retention kinetics of Alizarin red S (ARS)-labeled nHAP...
Adding the ocean to the study of seabirds: A brief history of at-sea seabird research
David G. Ainley, Christine A. Ribic, Eric J. Woehler
2012, Marine Ecology Progress Series (451) 231-243
We review the history of how research directed towards marine ornithology has led to an appreciation of seabirds as highly specialized marine organisms. Beginning with R. C. Murphy (Pacific), V. C. Wynne-Edwards (Atlantic), and associates in the early 1900s, the research approach grew from an emphasis on seabird single-species ecology...
MT3DMS: Model use, calibration, and validation
C. Zheng, Mary C. Hill, G. Cao, R. Ma
2012, Transactions of the ASABE (55) 1549-1559
MT3DMS is a three-dimensional multi-species solute transport model for solving advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions of contaminants in saturated groundwater flow systems. MT3DMS interfaces directly with the U.S. Geological Survey finite-difference groundwater flow model MODFLOW for the flow solution and supports the hydrologic and discretization features of MODFLOW. MT3DMS contains...
