40Ar* loss in experimentally deformed muscovite and biotite with implications for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of naturally deformed rocks
M. Cosca, H. Stunitz, A.-L. Bourgeix, J.P. Lee
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 7759-7778
The effects of deformation on radiogenic argon (40Ar∗) retentivity in mica are described from high pressure experiments performed on rock samples of peraluminous granite containing euhedral muscovite and biotite. Cylindrical cores, ∼15 mm in length and 6.25 mm in diameter, were drilled from granite collected from the South Armorican Massif in...
Genetic variation in westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi: Implications for conservation
D.P. Drinan, S.T. Kalinowski, N.V. Vu, B.B. Shepard, C.C. Muhlfeld, M. R. Campbell
2011, Conservation Genetics (12) 1513-1523
Twenty-five populations of westslope cutthroat trout from throughout their native range were genotyped at 20 microsatellite loci to describe the genetic structure of westslope cutthroat trout. The most genetic diversity (heterozygosity, allelic richness, and private alleles) existed in populations from the Snake River drainage, while populations from the Missouri River...
An ecosystem-scale model for the spread of a host-specific forest pathogen in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
J.A. Hatala, M.C. Dietze, R.L. Crabtree, Katherine C. Kendall, D. Six, P.R. Moorcroft
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 1138-1153
The introduction of nonnative pathogens is altering the scale, magnitude, and persistence of forest disturbance regimes in the western United States. In the high-altitude whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) is an introduced fungal pathogen that is...
What's new in well logging and formation evaluation
S. Prensky
2011, World Oil (232) 85-95
A number of significant new developments is emerging in well logging and formation evaluation. Some of the new developments include an ultrasonic wireline imager, an electromagnetic free-point indicator, wired and fiber-optic coiled tubing systems, and extreme-temperature logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools. The continued consolidation of logging and petrophysical service providers in 2010...
Characteristics, distribution, origin, and significance of opaline silica observed by the Spirit rover in Gusev crater, Mars
S. W. Ruff, J.D. Farmer, W. M. Calvin, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, R.V. Morris, M.S. Rice, R. E. Arvidson, J.F. Bell III, P. R. Christensen, S. W. Squyres
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
The presence of outcrops and soil (regolith) rich in opaline silica (∼65–92 wt % SiO2) in association with volcanic materials adjacent to the “Home Plate” feature in Gusev crater is evidence for hydrothermal conditions. The Spirit rover has supplied a diverse set of observations that are used here to better...
A probabilistic seismic risk assessment procedure for nuclear power plants: (I) Methodology
Y.-N. Huang, A.S. Whittaker, N. Luco
2011, Nuclear Engineering and Design (241) 3996-4003
A new procedure for probabilistic seismic risk assessment of nuclear power plants (NPPs) is proposed. This procedure modifies the current procedures using tools developed recently for performance-based earthquake engineering of buildings. The proposed procedure uses (a) response-based fragility curves to represent the capacity of structural and nonstructural components of NPPs,...
Quantifying the influence of sea ice on ocean microseism using observations from the Bering Sea, Alaska
V.C. Tsai, D.E. McNamara
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Microseism is potentially affected by all processes that alter ocean wave heights. Because strong sea ice prevents large ocean waves from forming, sea ice can therefore significantly affect microseism amplitudes. Here we show that this link between sea ice and microseism is not only a robust one but can be...
Earth observing data and methods for advancing water harvesting technologies in the semi-arid rain-fed environments of India
C. Sharma, P. Thenkabail, R. R. Sharma
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings - 2011 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, GHTC 2011
The paper develops approaches and methods of modeling and mapping land and water productivity of rain-fed crops in semi-arid environments of India using hyperspectral, hyperspatial, and advanced multispectral remote sensing data and linking the same to field-plot data and climate station data. The overarching goal is to provide information to...
Characteristics of foraging sites and protein status in wintering muskoxen: insights from isotopes of nitrogen
David D. Gustine, Perry S. Barboza, James P. Lawler, Stephen M. Arthur, Brad S. Shults, Kate Persons, Layne G. Adams
2011, Oikos (120) 1546-1556
Identifying links between nutritional condition of individuals and population trajectories greatly enhances our understanding of the ecology, conservation, and management of wildlife. For northern ungulates, the potential impacts of a changing climate to populations are predicted to be nutritionally mediated through an increase in the severity and variance in winter...
High-precision measurement of variations in calcium isotope ratios in urine by multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
J.L.L. Morgan, G.W. Gordon, R.C. Arrua, J.L. Skulan, A.D. Anbar, T.D. Bullen
2011, Analytical Chemistry (83) 6956-6962
We describe a new chemical separation method to isolate Ca from other matrix elements in biological samples, developed with the long-term goal of making high-precision measurement of natural stable Ca isotope variations a clinically applicable tool to assess bone mineral balance. A new two-column procedure utilizing HBr achieves the purity...
Monitoring a large volume CO2 injection: Year two results from SECARB project at Denbury’s Cranfield, Mississippi, USA
Susan D. Hovorka, Timothy A. Meckel, Ramon H. Trevino, Jiemin Lu, Jean-Philippe Nicot, Jong-Won Choi, David Freeman, Paul Cook, Thomas M. Daley, Jonathan B. Ajo-Franklin, Barry M. Freifeild, Christine Doughty, Charles R. Carrigan, Doug La Brecque, Yousif K. Kharaka, James J. Thordsen, Tommy J. Phelps, Changbing Yang, Katherine D. Romanak, Tongwei Zhang, Robert M. Holt, Jeffery S. Lindler, Robert J. Butsch
2011, Energy Procedia (4) 3478-3485
The Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (SECARB) early project in western Mississippi has been testing monitoring tools and approaches to document storage efficiency and storage permanence under conditions of CO2 EOR as well as downdip injection into brine. Denbury Onshore LLC is host for the study and has brought a...
Estimating surface faulting impacts from the shakeout scenario earthquake
J.A. Treiman, D.J. Pontib
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 315-330
An earthquake scenario, based on a kinematic rupture model, has been prepared for a Mw 7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault. The rupture distribution, in the context of other historic large earthquakes, is judged reasonable for the purposes of this scenario. This model is used as the basis...
Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures
N. Wang, R.A. Consbrock, C.G. Ingersoll, M.C. Barnhart
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 2270-2276
A draft update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for ammonia substantially lowers the ammonia AWQC, primarily due to the inclusion of toxicity data for freshwater mussels. However, most of the mussel data used in the updated AWQC were generated from water-only exposures and limited...
Epistemic uncertainty in California-wide synthetic seismicity simulations
F. F. Pollitz
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 2481-2498
The generation of seismicity catalogs on synthetic fault networks holds the promise of providing key inputs into probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis, for example, the coefficient of variation, mean recurrence time as a function of magnitude, the probability of fault-to-fault ruptures, and conditional probabilities for foreshock-mainshock triggering. I employ a seismicity simulator...
Bed morphology, flow structure, and sediment transport at the outlet of Lake Huron and in the upper St. Clair River
J. A. Czuba, J.L. Best, K. A. Oberg, D.R. Parsons, P.R. Jackson, M.H. Garcia, P. Ashmore
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 480-493
An integrated multibeam echo sounder and acoustic Doppler current profiler field survey was conducted in July 2008 to investigate the morphodynamics of the St. Clair River at the outlet of Lake Huron. The principal morphological features of the upper St. Clair River included flow-transverse bedforms that appear weakly mobile, erosive bedforms in cohesive muds, thin non-cohesive veneers of...
Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change
S.J. Wenger, D.J. Isaak, C.H. Luce, H.M. Neville, K.D. Fausch, J. B. Dunham, D.C. Dauwalter, M.K. Young, M.M. Elsner, B.E. Rieman, A.F. Hamlet, J.E. Williams
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 14175-14180
Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic interactions. We use downscaled outputs from general circulation models coupled with a hydrologic model to forecast the effects of altered flows and increased temperatures on four interacting...
A comparison of methods to assess long-term changes in Sonoran Desert vegetation
S.M. Munson, R. H. Webb, J.A. Hubbard
2011, Journal of Arid Environments (75) 1228-1231
Knowledge about the condition of vegetation cover and composition is critical for assessing the structure and function of ecosystems. To effectively quantify the impacts of a rapidly changing environment, methods to track long-term trends of vegetation must be precise, repeatable, and time- and cost-efficient. Measuring vegetation cover and composition in...
Population viability analysis to identify management priorities for reintroduced elk in the Cumberland Mountains, Tennessee
J.L. Kindall, L.I. Muller, J. D. Clark, J.L. Lupardus, J.L. Murrow
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1745-1752
We used an individual-based population model to perform a viability analysis to simulate population growth (λ) of 167 elk (Cervus elaphus manitobensis; 71 male and 96 female) released in the Cumberland Mountains, Tennessee, to estimate sustainability (i.e., λ > 1.0) and identify the most appropriate options for managing elk restoration. We transported...
Comparing laser-based open- and closed-path gas analyzers to measure methane fluxes using the eddy covariance method
Matteo Detto, Joseph Verfaillie, Frank Anderson, Liukang Xu, Dennis Baldocchi
2011, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (151) 1312-1324
Closed- and open-path methane gas analyzers are used in eddy covariance systems to compare three potential methane emitting ecosystems in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (CA, USA): a rice field, a peatland pasture and a restored wetland. The study points out similarities and differences of the systems in field experiments and...
Variations in eruption style during the 1931A.D. eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska
R.S. Nicholson, J.E. Gardner, C.A. Neal
2011, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (207) 69-82
The 1931 A.D. eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska, progressed from subplinian to effusive eruptive style and from trachydacite to basaltic andesite composition from multiple vent locations. Eyewitness accounts and new studies of deposit stratigraphy provide a combined narrative of eruptive events. Additional field, compositional, grain size, componentry, density, and grain morphology...
Where the wild things are: Predicting hotspots of seabird aggregations in the California Current System
N. Nur, J. Jahncke, M.P. Herzog, J. Howar, K.D. Hyrenbach, J.E. Zamon, D. G. Ainley, J. A. Wiens, K. Morgan, L.T. Balance, D. Stralberg
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 2241-2257
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) provide an important tool for conservation of marine ecosystems. To be most effective, these areas should be strategically located in a manner that supports ecosystem function. To inform marine spatial planning and support strategic establishment of MPAs within the California Current System, we identified areas predicted...
Native and exotic plants of fragments of sagebrush steppe produced by geomorphic processes versus land use
N. Huntly, R. Bangert, S.E. Hanser
2011, Plant Ecology (212) 1549-1561
Habitat fragmentation and invasion by exotic species are regarded as major threats to the biodiversity of many ecosystems. We surveyed the plant communities of two types of remnant sagebrush-steppe fragments from nearby areas on the Snake River Plain of southeastern Idaho, USA. One type resulted from land use (conversion to...
Patterns in young-of-year smallmouth bass microhabitat use in multiple stream segments with contrasting land uses
S.K. Brewer
2011, Fisheries Management and Ecology (18) 506-512
Young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepéde, were evaluated in streams from eight catchments with two contrasting land uses to determine their use of microhabitats under a variety of stream conditions. Step‐wise discriminant function analyses revealed patterns of habitat use by discriminating used from available microhabitat conditions. Velocity was significant in 88%...
Groupers on the edge: Shelf edge spawning habitat in and around marine reserves of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico
Felicia C. Coleman, Kathryn M. Scanlon, Christopher C. Koenig
2011, Professional Geographer (63) 456-474
The northeastern Gulf of Mexico contains some of the most diverse and productive marine habitat in the United States. Much of this habitat, located on the shelf edge in depths of 50 to 120 m, supports spawning for many economically important species, including groupers. Here, we couple acoustic surveys with...
Adaptive management in the U.S. National Wildlife Refuge System: Science-management partnerships for conservation delivery
C. T. Moore, E. V. Lonsdorf, M. G. Knutson, H. P. Laskowski, S. K. Lor
2011, Journal of Environmental Management (92) 1395-1402
Adaptive management is an approach to recurrent decision making in which uncertainty about the decision is reduced over time through comparison of outcomes predicted by competing models against observed values of those outcomes. The National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS) of the...
