A hierarchical spatial framework and database for the national river fish habitat condition assessment
L. Wang, D. Infante, P. Esselman, A. Cooper, D. Wu, W. Taylor, D. Beard, G. Whelan, A. Ostroff
2011, Fisheries (36) 436-449
Fisheries management programs, such as the National Fish Habitat Action Plan (NFHAP), urgently need a nationwide spatial framework and database for health assessment and policy development to protect and improve riverine systems. To meet this need, we developed a spatial framework and database using National Hydrography Dataset Plus (I-.100,000-scale); http://www.horizon-systems.com/nhdplus)....
Molecular detection of vertebrates in stream water: A demonstration using rocky mountain tailed frogs and Idaho giant salamanders
C.S. Goldberg, D. S. Pilliod, R.S. Arkle, L.P. Waits
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Stream ecosystems harbor many secretive and imperiled species, and studies of vertebrates in these systems face the challenges of relatively low detection rates and high costs. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has recently been confirmed as a sensitive and efficient tool for documenting aquatic vertebrates in wetlands and in a large river...
Rain pulse response of soil CO2 exchange by biological soil crusts and grasslands of the semiarid Colorado Plateau, United States
David R. Bowling, Edmund E. Grote, Jayne Belnap
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (116)
Biological activity in arid grasslands is strongly dependent on moisture. We examined gas exchange of biological soil crusts (biocrusts), the underlying soil biotic community, and the belowground respiratory activity of C3 and C4 grasses over 2 years in southeast Utah, USA. We used soil surface CO2 flux and the amount...
Long-term biases in geomagnetic K and aa indices
Jeffrey J. Love
2011, Annales Geophysicae (29) 1365-1375
Analysis is made of the geomagnetic-activity aa index and its source K-index data from groups of ground-based observatories in Britain, and Australia, 1868.0–2009.0, solar cycles 11–23. The K data show persistent biases, especially for high (low) K-activity levels at British (Australian) observatories. From examination of multiple subsets of the K data we infer that the biases are not...
The Augustine magmatic system as revealed by seismic tomography and relocated earthquake hypocenters from 1994 through 2009
E.M. Syracuse, C.H. Thurber, John A. Power
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
We incorporate 14 years of earthquake data from the Alaska Volcano Observatory with data from a 1975 controlled‐source seismic experiment to obtain the three‐dimensional P and S wave velocity structure and the first high‐precision earthquake locations at Augustine Volcano to be calculated in a fully three‐dimensional velocity model. Velocity tomography...
Geology and petroleum potential of the north and east margins of the Siberian Craton, north of the Arctic Circle
T. R. Klett, C. J. Wandrey, Janet K. Pitman
2011, Geological Society Memoir 413-431
The Siberian Craton consists of crystalline rocks and superimposed Precambrian sedimentary rocks deposited in rift basins. Palaeozoic rocks, mainly carbonates, were deposited along the margins of the craton to form an outwardly younger concentric pattern that underlies an outward-thickening Mesozoic sedimentary section. The north and east margins of the Siberian...
Fish entrainment rates through towboat propellers in the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers
Killgore K. Jack, Leandro E. Miranda, C.E. Murphy, D.M. Wolff, J.J. Hoover, T.M. Keevin, S.T. Maynord, M.A. Cornish
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 570-581
A specially designed net was used to study fish entrainment and injury through towboat propellers in 13 pools of the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers. The net was attached to the stern of a 48.8‐m‐long towboat with twin propellers (in Kort propulsion nozzles), and sampling typically took place while the...
Simulating adsorption of U(VI) under transient groundwater flow and hydrochemistry: Physical versus chemical nonequilibrium model
J. Greskowiak, M.B. Hay, H. Prommer, C. Liu, V.E.A. Post, R. Ma, J.A. Davis, C. Zheng, J.M. Zachara
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Coupled intragrain diffusional mass transfer and nonlinear surface complexation processes play an important role in the transport behavior of U(VI) in contaminated aquifers. Two alternative model approaches for simulating these coupled processes were analyzed and compared: (1) the physical nonequilibrium approach that explicitly accounts for aqueous speciation and instantaneous surface...
Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia
J.E. Vidale, A.J. Hotovec, A. Ghosh, K. C. Creager, J. Gomberg
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) has been observed in many subduction zones, but its mechanical underpinnings as well as its potential for triggering damaging earthquakes have proven difficult to assess. Here we use a seismic array in Cascadia of unprecedented density to monitor seismicity around a moderate 16 day ETS...
Use of habitats by female mallards wintering in Southwestern Louisiana
Paul T. Link, A. D. Afton, R. R. Cox Jr., B.E. Davis
2011, Waterbirds (34) 429-438
Habitat use by wintering Mallards (Anas platyrhychos) on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain (GCCP) has received little study and quantitative data is needed for management of GCCP waterfowl. Radio-telemetry techniques were used to record habitats used by 135 female Mallards during winters 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 in south-western Louisiana. Habitat use...
Making United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS) inclusive of marine biological resources
H. Moustahfid, J. Potemra, P. Goldstein, R. Mendelssohn, A. Desrochers
2011, Conference Paper, OCEANS'11 - MTS/IEEE Kona, Program Book
An important Data Management and Communication (DMAC) goal is to enable a multi-disciplinary view of the ocean environment by facilitating discovery and integration of data from various sources, projects and scientific domains. United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS) DMAC functional requirements are based upon guidelines for standardized data...
When a habitat freezes solid: Microorganisms over-winter within the ice column of a coastal Antarctic lake
C.M. Foreman, M. Dieser, M. Greenwood, R.M. Cory, J. Laybourn-Parry, John T. Lisle, C. Jaros, P.L. Miller, Y.-P. Chin, Diane M. McKnight
2011, FEMS Microbiology Ecology (76) 401-412
A major impediment to understanding the biology of microorganisms inhabiting Antarctic environments is the logistical constraint of conducting field work primarily during the summer season. However, organisms that persist throughout the year encounter severe environmental changes between seasons. In an attempt to bridge this gap, we collected ice core samples...
A first look at the petroleum geology of the Lomonosov Ridge microcontinent, Arctic Ocean
Thomas E. Moore, Arthur Grantz, Janet K. Pitman, Philip J. Brown
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 751-769
The Lomonosov microcontinent is an elongated continental fragment that transects the Arctic Ocean between North America and Siberia via the North Pole. Although it lies beneath polar pack ice, the geological framework of the microcontinent is inferred from sparse seismic reflection data, a few cores, potential field data and the...
Regional magnetic domains of the Circum-Arctic: A framework for geodynamic interpretation
R. W. Saltus, E. L. Miller, C. Gaina, P. J. Brown
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 49-60
We identify and discuss 57 magnetic anomaly pattern domains spanning the Circum-Arctic. The domains are based on analysis of a new Circum-Arctic data compilation. The magnetic anomaly patterns can be broadly related to general geodynamic classification of the crust into stable, deformed (magnetic and nonmagnetic), deep magnetic high, oceanic and...
Common challenges for ecological modelling: synthesis of facilitated discussions held at the symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling in Quebec City, Canada, (October 6-9, 2009)
Guy R. Larocque, D. Mailly, T.-X. Yue, M. Anand, C. Peng, C. Kazanci, M. Etterson, P. Goethals, S.E. Jorgensen, J.R. Schramski, E.J.B. McIntire, D.J. Marceau, B. Chen, G.Q. Chen, Z.F. Yang, B. Novotna, N. Luckai, Jagtar S. Bhatti, J. Liu, A. Munson, Andrew M. Gordon, J.C. Ascough
2011, Ecological Modelling (222) 2456-2468
The eleven symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling (ISEM 2009) held in Quebec City, Canada, October 6–9, 2009, included facilitated discussion sessions following formal presentations. Each symposium focused on a specific subject, and all the subjects could be classified into three broad categories:...
New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event
K. Goto, C. Chague-Goff, S. Fujino, J. Goff, Bruce Jaffe, Y. Nishimura, Bruce M. Richmond, D. Sugawara, Witold Szczucinski, D.R. Tappin, Robert C. Witter, E. Yulianto
2011, Marine Geology (290) 46-50
We report initial results from our recent field survey documenting the inundation and resultant deposits of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami from Sendai Plain, Japan. The tsunami inundated up to 4.5 km inland but the > 0.5 cm-thick sand deposit extended only 2.8 km (62% of the inundation distance). The deposit however continued as a...
An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan
David M. Sutphin, Karine Renaud, Lawrence J. Drew
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 329-353
The Haji-Gak iron deposit of eastern Bamyan Province, eastern Afghanistan, was studied extensively and resource calculations were made in the 1960s by Afghan and Russian geologists. Recalculation of the resource estimates verifies the original estimates for categories A (in-place resources known in detail), B (in-place resources known in moderate detail),...
Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer
C.R. Medina, J.A. Rupp, D.A. Barnes
2011, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control (5) 146-156
The Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone is recognized as a deep saline reservoir that has significant potential for geological sequestration in the Midwestern region of the United States. Porosity and permeability values collected from core analyses in rocks from this formation and its lateral equivalents in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and...
Using normalized difference vegetation index to estimate carbon fluxes from small rotationally grazed pastures
R.H. Skinner, B.K. Wylie, T.G. Gilmanov
2011, Agronomy Journal (103) 972-979
Satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data have been extensively used for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) and yield of grazing lands throughout the world. However, the usefulness of satellite-based images for monitoring rotationally-grazed pastures in the northeastern United States might be limited because paddock size is often smaller than...
Predicting breeding bird occurrence by stand- and microhabitat-scale features in even-aged stands in the Central Appalachians
M.E. McDermott, Petra B. Wood, G.W. Miller, B.T. Simpson
2011, Forest Ecology and Management (261) 373-380
Spatial scale is an important consideration when managing forest wildlife habitat, and models can be used to improve our understanding of these habitats at relevant scales. Our objectives were to determine whether stand- or microhabitat-scale variables better predicted bird metrics (diversity, species presence, and abundance) and to examine breeding bird...
Inter-specific coral chimerism: Genetically distinct multicellular structures associated with tissue loss in Montipora capitata
Thierry M. Work, Zac H. Forsman, Zoltan Szabo, Teresa D. Lewis, Greta S. Aeby, Robert J. Toonen
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Montipora white syndrome (MWS) results in tissue-loss that is often lethal to Montipora capitata, a major reef building coral that is abundant and dominant in the Hawai'ian Archipelago. Within some MWS-affected colonies in Kane'ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawai'i, we saw unusual motile multicellular structures within gastrovascular canals (hereafter referred to as invasive gastrovascular...
Canopy water balance of windward and leeward Hawaiian cloud forests on Haleakalā, Maui, Hawai'i
Thomas W. Giambelluca, John K. DeLay, Michael A. Nullet, Martha A. Scholl, Stephen B. Gingerich
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 438-447
The contribution of intercepted cloud water to precipitation at windward and leeward cloud forest sites on the slopes of Haleakalā, Maui was assessed using two approaches. Canopy water balance estimates based on meteorological monitoring were compared with interpretations of fog screen measurements collected over a 2-year period at each location....
Evaluation of TRIGRS (transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability analysis)'s predictive skill for hurricane-triggered landslides: A case study in Macon County, North Carolina
Z. Liao, Y. Hong, D. Kirschbaum, R.F. Adler, J.J. Gourley, R. Wooten
2011, Natural Hazards (58) 325-339
The key to advancing the predictability of rainfall-triggered landslides is to use physically based slope-stability models that simulate the transient dynamical response of the subsurface moisture to spatiotemporal variability of rainfall in complex terrains. TRIGRS (transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability analysis) is a USGS landslide prediction model, coded...
Early impacts of biological control on canopy cover and water use of the invasive saltcedar tree (Tamarix spp.) in western Nevada, USA
R.R. Pattison, C. M. D’Antonio, T.L. Dudley, Kip K. Allander, B. Rice
2011, Oecologia (165) 605-616
D. carinulata defoliated the majority of trees within 25 and 9 km, respectively, of the release location within 3 years. At the Humboldt site, D. carinulata reduced the canopy cover of trees adjacent to the release location by >90%. At a location 4 km away during the first year of defoliation, D. carinulata reduced peak (August) stem...
Assessing forest vulnerability and the potential distribution of pine beetles under current and future climate scenarios in the Interior West of the US
P.H. Evangelista, S. Kumar, Thomas J. Stohlgren, N.E. Young
2011, Forest Ecology and Management (262) 307-316
The aim of our study was to estimate forest vulnerability and potential distribution of three bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) under current and projected climate conditions for 2020 and 2050. Our study focused on the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis), and pine engraver (Ips pini). This study...
