A comparative analysis of double-crested cormorant diets from stomachs and pellets from two Lake Ontario colonies
James H. Johnson, Robert M. Ross, Russell D. McCullough, Alastair Mathers
2010, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (25) 669-672
Double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) diets were compared with evidence from the stomachs of shot birds and from regurgitated pellets at High Bluff Island and Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario. The highest similarity in diets determined by stomach and pellet analyses occurred when both samples were collected on the same day....
Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process
R. T. Hanson, W. Schmid, C.C. Faunt, B. Lockwood
2010, Ground Water (48) 674-689
The extension of MODFLOW onto the landscape with the Farm Process (MF-FMP) facilitates fully coupled simulation of the use and movement of water from precipitation, streamflow and runoff, groundwater flow, and consumption by natural and agricultural vegetation throughout the hydrologic system at all times. This allows for more complete analysis...
The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean
T. M. Cronin, K. Hayo, R.C. Thunell, G. S. Dwyer, C. Saenger, Debra A. Willard
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (297) 299-310
A new 2400-year paleoclimate reconstruction from Chesapeake Bay (CB) (eastern US) was compared to other paleoclimate records in the North Atlantic region to evaluate climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and Little Ice Age (LIA). Using Mg/Ca ratios from ostracodes and oxygen isotopes from benthic foraminifera as proxies...
Dynamics and spatio-temporal variability of environmental factors in Eastern Australia using functional principal component analysis
J.K. Szabo, E.M. Fedriani, M. M. Segovia-Gonzalez, L.B. Astheimer, M.J. Hooper
2010, Journal of Biological Systems (18) 763-785
This paper introduces a new technique in ecology to analyze spatial and temporal variability in environmental variables. By using simple statistics, we explore the relations between abiotic and biotic variables that influence animal distributions. However, spatial and temporal variability in rainfall, a key variable in ecological studies, can cause difficulties...
Water-budget methods
Richard W. Healy
2010, Book chapter, Estimating groundwater recharge
A water budget is an accounting of water movement into and out of, and storage change within, some control volume. Universal and adaptable are adjectives that reflect key features of water-budget methods for estimating recharge. The universal concept of mass conservation of water implies that water-budget methods are...
Species within the Genus Encyonema Kützing, Including Two New Species Encyonema reimeri sp. nov. and E. nicafei sp. nov. and E. stoermeri nom. nov., stat. nov.
S. A. Spaulding, J. R. Pool, S. I. Castro, F. Hinz
2010, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (160) 57-71
We observed six diatom taxa from North American samples and one taxon from China that are considered within the genus Encyonema Kützing. Two of the taxa are described as new, Encyonema reimeri Spaulding, Pool et Castro sp. nov. and Encyonema nicafei Spaulding sp. nov. A third taxon, Encyonema stoermeri Spaulding, Pool et Castro nom. nov., shat. nov. is assigned a new...
Use of the azimuthal resistivity technique for determination of regional azimuth of transmissivity
David R. Carlson
2010, Environmental Geosciences (17) 163-174
Many bedrock units contain joint sets that commonly act as preferred paths for the movement of water, electrical charge, and possible contaminants associated with production or transit of crude oil or refined products. To facilitate the development of remediation programs, a need exists to reliably determine regional-scale properties of these...
Laboratory-based maximum slip rates in earthquake rupture zones and radiated energy
Art McGarr, Joe B. Fletcher, M. Boettcher, N. Beeler, J. Boatwright
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 3250-3260
Laboratory stick-slip friction experiments indicate that peak slip rates increase with the stresses loading the fault to cause rupture. If this applies also to earthquake fault zones, then the analysis of rupture processes is simplified inasmuch as the slip rates depend only on the local yield stress and are independent...
Estimating natural background groundwater chemistry, Questa molybdenum mine, New Mexico
Phillip L. Verplanck, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Geoffrey S. Plumlee, Bruce M. Walker
Lisa A. Morgan, Steven L. Quane, editor(s)
2010, Book chapter, Through the generations: Geologic and anthropogenic field excursions in the Rocky Mountains from modern to ancient
This 2 1/2 day field trip will present an overview of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) project whose objective was to estimate pre-mining groundwater chemistry at the Questa molybdenum mine, New Mexico. Because of intense debate among stakeholders regarding pre-mining groundwater chemistry standards, the New Mexico Environment Department and Chevron...
Aquifer geochemistry at potential aquifer storage and recovery sites in coastal plain aquifers in the New York city area, USA
C. J. Brown, P.E. Misut
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 1431-1452
The effects of injecting oxic water from the New York city (NYC) drinking-water supply and distribution system into a nearby anoxic coastal plain aquifer for later recovery during periods of water shortage (aquifer storage and recovery, or ASR) were simulated by a 3-dimensional, reactive-solute transport model. The Cretaceous aquifer system...
Using noble gases measured in spring discharge to trace hydrothermal processes in the Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, U.S.A.
W.P. Gardner, D. D. Susong, D. K. Solomon, H.P. Heasler
2010, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (198) 394-404
Dissolved noble gas concentrations in springs are used to investigate boiling of hydrothermal water and mixing of hydrothermal and shallow cool water in the Norris Geyser Basin area. Noble gas concentrations in water are modeled for single stage and continuous steam removal. Limitations on boiling using noble gas concentrations are...
Correlation of aptian-albian carbon isotope excursions in continental strata of the cretaceous Foreland Basin, Eastern Utah, U.S.A.
Greg A. Ludvigson, R. M. Joeckel, Luis A. Gonzalez, E.L. Gulbranson, E.T. Rasbury, G.J. Hunt, J.I. Kirkland, S. Madsen
2010, Journal of Sedimentary Research (80) 955-974
Nodular carbonates ("calcretes") in continental foreland-basin strata of the Early Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation (CMF) in eastern Utah yield ??13C and ??O records of changes in the exogenic carbon cycle related to oceanic anoxic events (OAEs), and terrestrial paleoclimate. Chemostratigraphic profiles of both forebulge and foredeep sections show two prominent...
Influences of acid mine drainage and thermal enrichment on stream fish reproduction and larval survival
Andrew W. Hafs, C.D. Horn, P. M. Mazik, K.J. Hartman
2010, Northeastern Naturalist (17) 575-592
Potential effects of acid mine drainage (AMD) and thermal enrichment on the reproduction of fishes were investigated through a larval-trapping survey in the Stony River watershed, Grant County, WV. Trapping was conducted at seven sites from 26 March to 2 July 2004. Overall larval catch was low (379 individuals in...
Predicting species distributions from checklist data using site-occupancy models
M. Kery, B. Gardner, C. Monnerat
2010, Journal of Biogeography (37) 1851-1862
Aim: (1) To increase awareness of the challenges induced by imperfect detection, which is a fundamental issue in species distribution modelling; (2) to emphasize the value of replicate observations for species distribution modelling; and (3) to show how 'cheap' checklist data in faunal/floral databases may be used for the rigorous...
Shell anomalies observed in a population of Archaias angulatus (Foraminifera) from the Florida Keys (USA) sampled in 1982-83 and 2006-07
H.C. Souder, B. McCloskey, P. Hallock, R. Byrne
2010, Marine Micropaleontology (77) 71-81
Archived specimens of Archaias angulatus collected live at a depth of < 2. m in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, Key Largo, Florida, in June, September and December 1982, and March 1983, were compared to specimens collected live from the same site and months in 2006-07. Shells were examined...
A 15 000-year record of climate change in northern New Mexico, USA, inferred from isotopic and elemental contents of bog sediments
L. M. Cisneros-Dozal, J.M. Heikoop, J. Fessenden, R. Scott Anderson, P.A. Meyers, Craig D. Allen, M. Hess, T. Larson, G. Perkins, M. Rearick
2010, Journal of Quaternary Science (25) 1001-1007
Elemental (C, N, Pb) and isotopic (δ13C, δ15N) measurements of cored sediment from a small bog in northern New Mexico reveal changes in climate during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Abrupt increases in Pb concentration and δ13C values ca. 14 420 cal. YBP indicate significant runoff to the shallow lake that...
Potential environmental influences on variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism among Arizona populations of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)
Melissa Amarello, Erica M. Nowak, Emily N. Taylor, Gordon W. Schuett, Roger A. Repp, Philip C. Rosen, David L. Hardy Sr.
2010, Journal of Arid Environments (74) 1443-1449
Differences in resource availability and quality along environmental gradients are important influences contributing to intraspecific variation in body size, which influences numerous life-history traits. Here, we examined variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in relation to temperature, seasonality, and precipitation among 10 populations located throughout Arizona of...
Terrestrial reference standard sites for postlaunch sensor calibration
P.M. Teillet, G. Chander
2010, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (36) 437-450
In an era when the number of Earth observation satellites is rapidly growing and measurements from satellite sensors are used to address increasingly urgent global issues, often through synergistic and operational combinations of data from multiple sources, it is imperative that scientists and decision-makers are able to rely on the...
The anatomy, taphonomy, taxonomy and systematic affinity of Markuelia: Early Cambrian to Early Ordovician scalidophorans
X.-P. Dong, S. Bengtson, N.J. Gostling, J.A. Cunningham, T.H.P. Harvey, A. Kouchinsky, A.K. Val’Kov, J.E. Repetski, M. Stampanoni, F. Marone, P.C.J. Donoghue
2010, Palaeontology (53) 1291-1314
Markuelia is a vermiform, annulated introvertan animal known as embryonic fossils from the Lower Cambrian to Lower Ordovician. Analysis of an expanded and revised dataset for Introverta shows that the precise position of Markuelia within this clade is dependent on the taxa included. As a result, Markuelia is assigned to...
Determining the effects of dams on subdaily variation in river flows at a whole-basin scale
J. K. H. Zimmerman, B. H. Letcher, K.H. Nislow, K.A. Lutz, F.J. Magilligan
2010, River Research and Applications (26) 1246-1260
River regulation can alter the frequency and magnitude of subdaily flow variations causing major impacts on ecological structure and function. We developed an approach to quantify subdaily flow variation for multiple sites across a large watershed to assess the potential impacts of different dam operations (flood control, run-of-river hydropower and...
Phosphorus dynamics in soils irrigated with reclaimed waste water or fresh water - A study using oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate
I. Zohar, A. Shaviv, M. Young, Carol Kendall, Steven R. Silva, A. Paytan
2010, Geoderma (159) 109-121
Transformations of phosphate (Pi) in different soil fractions were tracked using the stable isotopic composition of oxygen in phosphate (δ18Op) and Pi concentrations. Clay soil from Israel was treated with either reclaimed waste water (secondary, low grade) or with fresh water amended with a chemical fertilizer of a known isotopic...
Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers
J.N. Houser, D.W. Bierman, R.M. Burdis, L. A. Soeken-Gittinger
2010, Hydrobiologia (651) 127-144
Across the distances spanned by large rivers, there are important differences in catchment characteristics, tributary inputs, and river morphology that may cause longitudinal changes in nutrient, chlorophyll, and suspended solids concentrations. We investigated longitudinal and seasonal patterns in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) using long-term data (1994-2005) from five study...
Repeat photography and low-elevation fire responses in the southwestern United States
Raymond M. Turner, Robert H. Webb, Todd C. Esque, Garry F. Rogers
Robert H. Webb, Diane E. Boyer, Raymond M. Turner, editor(s)
2010, Book chapter, Repeat photography methods and applications in the natural sciences
Effects of exploitation on black bear populations at White River National Wildlife Refuge
J. D. Clark, R. Eastridge, M.J. Hooker
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1448-1456
We live-trapped American black bears (Ursus americanus) and sampled DNA from hair at White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas, USA, to estimate annual population size (N), growth (λ), and density. We estimated N and λ with open population models, based on live-trapping data collected from 1998 through 2006, and robust...
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial in vegetation records from North America
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, R. Scott Anderson, S. Desprat, L.D. Grigg, E.C. Grimm, L.E. Heusser, Brian F. Jacobs, C. Lopez-Martinez, C.L. Whitlock, Debra A. Willard
2010, Quaternary Science Reviews (29) 2865-2881
High-resolution pollen records from North America show that terrestrial environments were affected by Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) and Heinrich climate variability during the last glacial. In the western, more mountainous regions, these climate changes are generally observed in the pollen records as altitudinal movements of climate-sensitive plant species, whereas in the southeast,...
