Evaluating the spatiotemporal variations of water budget across China over 1951-2006 using IBIS model
Q. Zhu, H. Jiang, J. Liu, X. Wei, C. Peng, X. Fang, S. Liu, G. Zhou, S. Yu, W. Ju
2010, Hydrological Processes (24) 429-445
The Integrated Biosphere Simulator is used to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of the crucial hydrological variables [run-off and actual evapotranspiration (AET)] of the water balance across China for the period 1951–2006 including a precipitation analysis. Results suggest three major findings. First, simulated run-off captured 85% of the spatial...
Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value
V. C. Radeloff, S. I. Stewart, T. J. Hawbaker, U. Gimmi, A.M. Pidgeon, C.H. Flather, R. B. Hammer, D.P. Helmers
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 940-945
Protected areas are crucial for biodiversity conservation because they provide safe havens for species threatened by land-use change and resulting habitat loss. However, protected areas are only effective when they stop habitat loss within their boundaries, and are connected via corridors to other wild areas. The effectiveness of protected areas...
Effects of egg order on organic and inorganic element concentrations and egg characteristics in tree swallows, tachycineta bicolor
Christine M. Custer, Brian R. Gray, Thomas W. Custer
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 909-921
The laying order of tree swallow eggs was identified from the Housatonic River, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, USA, and eggs were chemically analyzed individually to document possible effects of laying order on organic contaminant and inorganic element concentrations. Effects of laying order on other parameters such as egg weight, size, and...
Hydrodynamic modeling of juvenile mussel dispersal in a large river: The potential effects of bed shear stress and other parameters
J.A. Daraio, L.J. Weber, T.J. Newton
2010, Conference Paper, Journal of the North American Benthological Society
Because unionid mussels have a parasitic larval stage, they are able to disperse upstream and downstream as larvae while attached to their host fish and with flow as juveniles after excystment from the host. Understanding unionid population ecology requires knowledge of the processes that affect juvenile dispersal prior to establishment....
Effects of simulated moose Alces alces browsing on the morphology of rowan Sorbus aucuparia
N.R.D. Jager, J. Pastor
2010, Wildlife Biology (16) 301-307
In much of northern Sweden moose Alces alces browse rowan Sorbus aucuparia heavily and commonly revisit previously browsed plants. Repeated browsing of rowan by moose has created some concern for its long-term survival in heavily browsed areas. We therefore measured how four years of simulated moose browsing at four population...
Methane hydrate synthesis from ice: Influence of pressurization and ethanol on optimizing formation rates and hydrate yield
Po-Chun. Chen, Wuu-Liang Huang, Laura A. Stern
2010, Energy and Fuels (24) 2390-2403
Polycrystalline methane gas hydrate (MGH) was synthesized using an ice-seeding method to investigate the influence of pressurization and ethanol on the hydrate formation rate and gas yield of the resulting samples. When the reactor is pressurized with CH4 gas without external heating, methane hydrate can be formed from ice grains...
Calibration and use of continuous heat-type automated seepage meters for submarine groundwater discharge measurements
B.M. Mwashote, W. C. Burnett, J. Chanton, I.R. Santos, N. Dimova, P.W. Swarzenski
2010, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (87) 1-10
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) assessments were conducted both in the laboratory and at a field site in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, using a continuous heat-type automated seepage meter (seepmeter). The functioning of the seepmeter is based on measurements of a temperature gradient in the water between downstream and upstream...
Three-dimensional benchmark for variable-density flow and transport simulation: matching semi-analytic stability modes for steady unstable convection in an inclined porous box
Clifford I. Voss, Craig T. Simmons, Neville I. Robinson
2010, Hydrogeology Journal (18) 5-23
This benchmark for three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulators of variable-density groundwater flow and solute or energy transport consists of matching simulation results with the semi-analytical solution for the transition from one steady-state convective mode to another in a porous box. Previous experimental and analytical studies of natural convective flow in an...
Red-shouldered hawk nesting habitat preference in south Texas
Bradley N. Strobel, Clint W. Boal
2010, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (1) 33-37
We examined nesting habitat preference by red-shouldered hawks Buteo lineatus using conditional logistic regression on characteristics measured at 27 occupied nest sites and 68 unused sites in 2005–2009 in south Texas. We measured vegetation characteristics of individual trees (nest trees and unused trees) and corresponding 0.04-ha plots. We evaluated the importance of...
The cleaning of burned and contaminated archaeological maize prior to 87Sr/86Sr analysis
Larry V. Benson, Howard E. Taylor, Terry I. Plowman, David A. Roth, Ronald C. Antweiler
2010, Journal of Archaeological Science (37) 84-91
Accurate trace-metal and strontium-isotope analyses of archaeological corn cobs require that metal contaminants be removed prior to chemical analysis. Archaeological cobs are often coated with construction debris, dust, or soil which contains mineral particles. In addition, most archaeological cobs are partially or completely burned and the burned parts incorporate mineral...
A complex-systems approach to predicting effects of sea level rise and nitrogen loading on nitrogen cycling in coastal wetland ecosystems
Laurel G. Larsen, Serena Moseman, Alyson Santoro, Kristine Hopfensperger, Amy Burgin
2010, Book chapter, Eco-DAS VIII Symposium Proceedings
To effectively manage coastal ecosystems, we need an improvedunderstanding of how tidal marsh ecosystem services will respond to sea-level rise and increased nitrogen (N) loading to coastal areas. Here we review existing literature to better understand how these interacting perturbations s will likely impact N removal by tidal marshes. We...
Effects of coalbed natural gas development on fish assemblages in tributary streams of the Powder and Tongue rivers
W.N. Davis, R.G. Bramblett, A.V. Zale
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 2612-2625
1. Extraction of coalbed natural gas (CBNG) often results in disposal of large quantities of CBNG product water, which may affect aquatic ecosystems. We evaluated the effects of CBNG development on fish assemblages in tributary streams of the Powder and Tongue rivers. We used treatment and control, impact versus reference...
Reproductive failure of the red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) after exposure to an exogenous estrogen
M.M. McGree, D.L. Winkelman, N.K.M. Vieira, A.M. Vajda
2010, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (67) 1730-1743
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been detected in surface waters worldwide and can lead to developmental and reproductive disruption in exposed fishes. In the US Great Plains, EDCs are impacting streams and rivers and may be causing adverse reproductive effects. To examine how estrogenic EDCs might affect reproductive success of...
Detection probability of cliff-nesting raptors during helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft surveys in western Alaska
T.L. Booms, P.F. Schempf, B. J. McCaffery, M. S. Lindberg, M.R. Fuller
2010, Journal of Raptor Research (44) 175-187
We conducted repeated aerial surveys for breeding cliff-nesting raptors on the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge (YDNWR) in western Alaska to estimate detection probabilities of Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus), Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), Rough-legged Hawks (Buteo lagopus), and also Common Ravens (Corvus corax). Using the program PRESENCE, we modeled detection histories...
An experimental assessment of vehicle disturbance effects on migratory shorebirds
Nathan M. Tarr, T.R. Simons, K. H. Pollock
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1776-1783
Off-road vehicle (ORV) traffic is one of several forms of disturbance thought to affect shorebirds at migration stopover sites. Attempts to measure disturbance effects on shorebird habitat use and behavior at stopover sites are difficult because ORV disturbance is frequently confounded with habitat and environmental factors. We used a before-after-control-impact...
Radiocarbon dating of small terrestrial gastropod shells in North America
J.S. Pigati, J.A. Rech, J.C. Nekola
2010, Quaternary Geochronology (5) 519-532
Fossil shells of small terrestrial gastropods are commonly preserved in wetland, alluvial, loess, and glacial deposits, as well as in sediments at many archeological sites. These shells are composed largely of aragonite (CaCO3) and potentially could be used for radiocarbon dating, but they must meet two criteria before their 14C...
Parental investment decisions in response to ambient nest-predation risk versus actual predation on the prior nest
A.D. Chalfoun, T. E. Martin
2010, Condor (112) 701-710
Theory predicts that parents should invest less in dependent offspring with lower reproductive value, such as those with a high risk of predation. Moreover, high predation risk can favor reduced parental activity when such activity attracts nest predators. Yet, the ability of parents to assess ambient nest-predation risk and respond...
The three scales of submarine groundwater flow and discharge across passive continental margins
John F. Bratton
2010, Journal of Geology (118) 565-575
Increased study of submarine groundwater systems in recent years has provided a wealth of new data and techniques, but some ambiguity has been introduced by insufficient distinguishing of the relevant spatial scales of the phenomena studied. Submarine groundwater flow and discharge on passive continental margins can be most productively studied...
Effects of nourishment on the form and function of an estuarine beach
N.L. Jackson, K.F. Nordstrom, S. Saini, D. R. Smith
2010, Ecological Engineering (36) 1709-1718
Beach nourishment programs in estuaries can enhance shore protection, but they decrease habitat suitability by creating higher berms and wider backshores than would occur under natural conditions. Use of sediment sources from outside the area can result in sedimentary characteristics that differ from native sediments on the surface and at...
Small mammals associated with colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Southern High Plains
A.L. Pruett, C. W. Boal, M.C. Wallace, Heather A. Whitlaw, J.D. Ray
2010, Southwestern Naturalist (55) 50-56
We compared diversity and abundance of small mammals at colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and paired non-colony sites. Of colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs in our study area, >80 were on slopes of playa lakes; thus, we used sites of colonies and non-colonies that were on slopes of...
Uncovering a latent multinomial: Analysis of mark-recapture data with misidentification
W.A. Link, J. Yoshizaki, L.L. Bailey, K. H. Pollock
2010, Biometrics (66) 178-185
Natural tags based on DNA fingerprints or natural features of animals are now becoming very widely used in wildlife population biology. However, classic capture-recapture models do not allow for misidentification of animals which is a potentially very serious problem with natural tags. Statistical analysis of misidentification processes is extremely difficult...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Normalized Atmospheric Deposition for 2002, Ammonium (NH4)
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-14
This tabular data set represents the average normalized (wet) deposition, in kilograms per square kilometer multiplied by 100, of ammonium (NH4) for the year 2002 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). Estimates of NH4 deposition are based on National Atmospheric Deposition...
Pathological and immunological responses associated with differential survival of Chinook salmon following Renibacterium salmoninarum challenge
David C. Metzger, Diane G. Elliott, Andrew Wargo, Linda K. Park, Maureen K. Purcell
2010, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (90) 31-41
Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are highly susceptible to Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD). Previously we demonstrated that introduced Chinook salmon from Lake Michigan, Wisconsin (WI), USA, have higher survival following R. salmoninarum challenge relative to the progenitor stock from Green River, Washington, USA. In the...
Introduction: Tagging, telemetry, and marking compendium project
Keith S. Wolf, Stephen M. Waste
2010, PNAMP Report Series 2010-002-1
Goal and Objectives of the Compendium The goal of this compendium is to integrate profiles of on-going, individual, disparate efforts implementing the science of tagging, telemetry, and marking (TTM) into a compilation of experience to inform the development of fish population monitoring. This is accomplished by meeting the following objectives: • Provide...
First record of carpiodes velifer (Highfin Carpsucker) in the Apalachicola River, Florida
S.P. Young, T.B. Grabowski, Patrick C. Ely, J. Jeffery Isely
2010, Southeastern Naturalist (9) 165-170
We document the discovery of Highfin Carpsucker in the Apalachicola River, FL. Three specimens were captured between river kilometer 170-171 on the Apalachicola River in the vicinity of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam during spring 2007, The specimens were captured within a reach 0.5-1.0 km downstream from the dam and...
