Terrestrial reference standard sites for postlaunch sensor calibration
P.M. Teillet, G. Chander
2010, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (36) 437-450
In an era when the number of Earth observation satellites is rapidly growing and measurements from satellite sensors are used to address increasingly urgent global issues, often through synergistic and operational combinations of data from multiple sources, it is imperative that scientists and decision-makers are able to rely on the...
Species within the Genus Encyonema Kützing, Including Two New Species Encyonema reimeri sp. nov. and E. nicafei sp. nov. and E. stoermeri nom. nov., stat. nov.
S. A. Spaulding, J. R. Pool, S. I. Castro, F. Hinz
2010, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (160) 57-71
We observed six diatom taxa from North American samples and one taxon from China that are considered within the genus Encyonema Kützing. Two of the taxa are described as new, Encyonema reimeri Spaulding, Pool et Castro sp. nov. and Encyonema nicafei Spaulding sp. nov. A third taxon, Encyonema stoermeri Spaulding, Pool et Castro nom. nov., shat. nov. is assigned a new...
The anatomy, taphonomy, taxonomy and systematic affinity of Markuelia: Early Cambrian to Early Ordovician scalidophorans
X.-P. Dong, S. Bengtson, N.J. Gostling, J.A. Cunningham, T.H.P. Harvey, A. Kouchinsky, A.K. Val’Kov, J.E. Repetski, M. Stampanoni, F. Marone, P.C.J. Donoghue
2010, Palaeontology (53) 1291-1314
Markuelia is a vermiform, annulated introvertan animal known as embryonic fossils from the Lower Cambrian to Lower Ordovician. Analysis of an expanded and revised dataset for Introverta shows that the precise position of Markuelia within this clade is dependent on the taxa included. As a result, Markuelia is assigned to...
Standard-target calibration of an acoustic backscatter system
Kenneth G. Foote, Marinna A. Martini
2010, Conference Paper, MTS/IEEE Seattle OCEANS 2010
The standard-target method used to calibrate scientific echo sounders and other scientific sonars by a single, solid elastic sphere is being adapted to acoustic backscatter (ABS) systems. Its first application, to the AQUAscat 1000, is described. The on-axis sensitivity and directional properties of transducer beams at three operating frequencies, nominally...
NetCDF-CF-OPeNDAP: Standards for ocean data interoperability and object lessons for community data standards processes
Steven C. Hankin, Jon D. Blower, Thierry Carval, Kenneth S. Casey, Craig Donlon, Olivier Lauret, Thomas Loubrieu, Ashwanth Srinivasan, Joaquin Trinanes, Oystein Godoy, Roy Mendelssohn, Richard P. Signell, Jeff de La Beaujardiere, Peter Cornillon, Frederique Blanc, Russ Rew, Jack Harlan
Julie Hall, D.E. Harrison, Detlef Stammer, editor(s)
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society
It is generally recognized that meeting society's emerging environmental science and management needs will require the marine data community to provide simpler, more effective and more interoperable access to its data. There is broad agreement, as well, that data standards are the bedrock upon which interoperability will be built. The...
Trail Pheromone Disruption of Argentine Ant Trail Formation and Foraging
D.M. Suckling, R.W. Peck, L.D. Stringer, K. Snook, P.C. Banko
2010, Journal of Chemical Ecology (36) 122-128
Trail pheromone disruption of invasive ants is a novel tactic that builds on the development of pheromone-based pest management in other insects. Argentine ant trail pheromone, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, was formulated as a micro-encapsulated sprayable particle and applied against Argentine ant populations in 400 m2 field plots in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park....
Soil carbon flux following pulse precipitation events in the shortgrass steppe
S.M. Munson, T.J. Benton, W.K. Lauenroth, I.C. Burke
2010, Ecological Research (25) 205-211
Pulses of water availability characterize semiarid and arid ecosystems. Most precipitation events in these ecosystems are small (???10 mm), but can stimulate carbon flux. The large proportion of carbon stored belowground and small carbon inputs create the potential for these small precipitation events to have large effects on carbon cycling....
Dione's spectral and geological properties
K. Stephan, R. Jaumann, R. Wagner, R. N. Clark, D. P. Cruikshank, C. A. Hibbitts, T. Roatsch, H. Hoffmann, R. H. Brown, G. Filiacchione, B. J. Buratti, G. B. Hansen, T. B. McCord, P. D. Nicholson, K. H. Baines
2010, Icarus (206) 631-652
We present a detailed analysis of the variations in spectral properties across the surface of Saturn's satellite Dione using Cassini/VIMS data and their relationships to geological and/or morphological characteristics as seen in the Cassini/ISS images. This analysis focuses on a local region on Dione's anti-saturnian hemisphere that was observed by...
Relations between fish abundances, summer temperatures, and forest harvest in a northern Minnesota stream system from 1997 to 2007
Eric C. Merten, Nathaniel A. Hemstad, S.L. Eggert, L.B. Johnson, Randall K. Kolka, Raymond M. Newman, Bruce C. Vondracek
2010, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (19) 63-73
Short-term effects of forest harvest on fish habitat have been well documented, including sediment inputs, leaf litter reductions, and stream warming. However, few studies have considered changes in local climate when examining postlogging changes in fish communities. To address this need, we examined fish abundances between 1997 and 2007 in...
Development of a molecular diagnostic system to discriminate Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel)
M.S. Hoy, K. Kelly, R. J. Rodriguez
2010, Molecular Ecology Resources (10) 190-192
A 3-primer PCR system was developed to discriminate invasive zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga (Dreissena bugensis) mussel. The system is based on: 1) universal primers that amplifies a region of the nuclear 28s rDNA gene from both species and 2) a species-specific primer complementary to either zebra or quagga mussel....
Potential of kaolin-based particle film barriers for Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) control
B.A. Wiltz, W.D. Woodson, G.J. Puterka
2010, Sociobiology (55) 405-414
Effects of three particle film products on Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, were evaluated in feeding, tunneling, and contact assays. The particle films, hydrophobic M96-018 and hydrophilic Surround and Surround WP are based on the inert clay mineral kaolin. In 2-week long no-choice feeding tests, significant mortality occurred only...
Geological mapping goes 3-D in response to societal needs
H. Thorleifson, R. C. Berg, H.A.J. Russell
2010, GSA Today (20) 27-29
The transition to 3-D mapping has been made possible by technological advances in digital cartography, GIS, data storage, analysis, and visualization. Despite various challenges, technological advancements facilitated a gradual transition from 2-D maps to 2.5-D draped maps to 3-D geological mapping, supported by digital spatial and relational databases that can...
Controls of suspended sediment concentration, nutrient content, and transport in a subtropical wetland
G.B. Noe, J. W. Harvey, R.W. Schaffranek, L. G. Larsen
2010, Wetlands (30) 39-54
Redistribution of largely organic sediment from low elevation sloughs to higher elevation ridges is a leading hypothesis for the formation and maintenance of the native ridge and slough landscape pattern found in peat wetlands of the Florida Everglades. We tested this redistribution hypothesis by measuring the concentration and characteristics of...
The ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA): A new framework for developing regional environmental flow standards
N.L. Poff, B. D. Richter, A.H. Arthington, S.E. Bunn, R.J. Naiman, E. Kendy, M. Acreman, C. Apse, B.P. Bledsoe, Mary C. Freeman, J. Henriksen, R. B. Jacobson, J.G. Kennen, D.M. Merritt, J. H. O’Keeffe, J. D. Olden, K. Rogers, R.E. Tharme, A. Warner
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 147-170
The flow regime is a primary determinant of the structure and function of aquatic and riparian ecosystems for streams and rivers. Hydrologic alteration has impaired riverine ecosystems on a global scale, and the pace and intensity of human development greatly exceeds the ability of scientists to assess the effects on...
Saturn's icy satellites investigated by Cassini-VIMS. II. Results at the end of nominal mission
G. Filacchione, F. Capaccioni, R. N. Clark, J.N. Cuzzi, D. P. Cruikshank, A. Coradini, P. Cerroni, P. D. Nicholson, T. B. McCord, R. H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, F. Tosi, R.M. Nelson, R. Jaumann, K. Stephan
2010, Icarus (206) 507-523
We report the detailed analysis of the spectrophotometric properties of Saturn's icy satellites as derived by full-disk observations obtained by visual and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) experiment aboard Cassini. In this paper, we have extended the coverage until the end of the Cassini's nominal mission (June 1st 2008), while a...
On the composition of earth's short-period seismic noise field
K.D. Koper, K. Seats, H. Benz
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 606-617
In the classic microseismic band of 5-20 sec, seismic noise consists mainly of fundamental mode Rayleigh and Love waves; however, at shorter periods seismic noise also contains a significant amount of body-wave energy and higher mode surface waves. In this study we perform a global survey of Earth's short-period seismic...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil of the Canadian River floodplain in Oklahoma
F. Sartori, T.L. Wade, J.L. Sericano, B.P. Mohanty, Karen A. Smith
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 568-579
The accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil, plants, and water may impart negative effects on ecosystem and human health. We quantified the concentration and distribution of 41 PAH (n = 32), organic C, total N, and S (n = 140) and investigated PAH sources using a chronosequence of...
Traveling around Cape Horn: Otolith chemistry reveals a mixed stock of Patagonian hoki with separate Atlantic and Pacific spawning grounds
P.C. Schuchert, A.I. Arkhipkin, A.E. Koenig
2010, Fisheries Research (102) 80-86
Trace element fingerprints of edge and core regions in otoliths from 260 specimens of Patagonian hoki, Macruronus magellanicus L??nnberg, 1907, were analyzed by LA-ICPMS to reveal whether this species forms one or more population units (stocks) in the Southern Oceans. Fish were caught on their spawning grounds in Chile and...
New seismic hazard maps for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands
Charles S. Mueller, Arthur D. Frankel, Mark D. Petersen, Edgar V. Leyendecker
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 169-185
The probabilistic methodology developed by the U.S. Geological Survey is applied to a new seismic hazard assessment for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Modeled seismic sources include gridded historical seismicity, subduction-interface and strike-slip faults with known slip rates, and two broad zones of crustal extension with seismicity rates...
Pathology and distribution of sea turtles landed as bycatch in the Hawaii-based North Pacific pelagic longline fishery
Thierry M. Work, George H. Balazs
2010, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (46) 422-432
We examined the gross and microscopic pathology and distribution of sea turtles that were landed as bycatch from the Hawaii, USA–based pelagic longline fishery and known to be forced submerged. Olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) composed the majority of animals examined, and hook-induced perforation of the esophagus was the most...
A spatial resolution threshold of land cover in estimating terrestrial carbon sequestration in four counties in Georgia and Alabama, USA
S.Q. Zhao, S. Liu, Z. Li, Terry L. Sohl
2010, Biogeosciences (7) 71-80
Changes in carbon density (i.e., carbon stock per unit area) and land cover greatly affect carbon sequestration. Previous studies have shown that land cover change detection strongly depends on spatial scale. However, the influence of the spatial resolution of land cover change information on the estimated terrestrial carbon sequestration is...
Establishing a Multi-scale Stream Gaging Network in the Whitewater River Basin, Kansas, USA
J.A. Clayton, J. W. Kean
2010, Water Resources Management (24) 3641-3664
Investigating the routing of streamflow through a large drainage basin requires the determination of discharge at numerous locations in the channel network. Establishing a dense network of stream gages using conventional methods is both cost-prohibitive and functionally impractical for many research projects. We employ herein a previously tested, fluid-mechanically based...
Rapid polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of white-nose syndrome in bats
Jeffrey M. Lorch, A. Gargas, Carol U. Meteyer, B. M. Berlowski-Zier, D. E. Green, V. Shearn-Bochsler, N. J. Thomas, David S. Blehert
2010, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (22) 224-230
A newly developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method to rapidly and specifically detect Geomyces destructans on the wings of infected bats from small quantities (1–2 mg) of tissue is described in the current study (methods for culturing and isolating G. destructans from bat skin are also described). The lower limits of detection for PCR...
Alexandria's Eastern Harbor, Egypt: Pollen, microscopic charcoal, and the transition from natural to human-modified basin
J.-D. Stanley, C.E. Bernhardt
2010, Journal of Coastal Research (26) 67-79
Pollen and microscopic charcoal examined in Holocene sediment core samples record major environmental modifications affecting Alexandria's Eastern Harbor through time. We assess whether such changes on Egypt's coastal margin were influenced primarily by natural, or natural plus human, or primarily human factors. We focus on (1) the times when pollen...
Theory, methods and tools for determining environmental flows for riparian vegetation: Riparian vegetation-flow response guilds
D.M. Merritt, M. L. Scott, Poff N. Leroy, G.T. Auble, D.A. Lytle
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 206-225
Riparian vegetation composition, structure and abundance are governed to a large degree by river flow regime and flow-mediated fluvial processes. Streamflow regime exerts selective pressures on riparian vegetation, resulting in adaptations (trait syndromes) to specific flow attributes. Widespread modification of flow regimes by humans has resulted in extensive alteration of...
