Basal-topographic control of stationary ponds on a continuously moving landslide
J. A. Coe, J.P. McKenna, J. W. Godt, R.L. Baum
2009, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (34) 264-279
The Slumgullion landslide in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado has been moving for at least the last few hundred years and has multiple ponds on its surface. We have studied eight ponds during 30 trips to the landslide between July 1998 and July 2007. During each trip, we...
Habitat requirements of the endangered California freshwater shrimp (Syncaris pacifica) in lagunitas and Olema creeks, Marin County, California, USA
Barbara A. Martin, Michael K. Saiki, Darren Fong
2009, Journal of Crustacean Biology (29) 595-604
This study was conducted to better understand the habitat requirements and environmental limiting factors of Syncaris pacifica, the California freshwater shrimp. This federally listed endangered species is native to perennial lowland streams in a few watersheds in northern California. Field sampling occurred in Lagunitas and Olema creeks at seasonal intervals...
Plant toxicity, adaptive herbivory, and plant community dynamics
Z. Feng, R. Liu, D.L. DeAngelis, Lee C. Bryant, K. Kielland, Chapin F. Stuart, R.K. Swihart
2009, Ecosystems (12) 534-547
We model effects of interspecific plant competition, herbivory, and a plant's toxic defenses against herbivores on vegetation dynamics. The model predicts that, when a generalist herbivore feeds in the absence of plant toxins, adaptive foraging generally increases the probability of coexistence of plant species populations, because the herbivore switches more...
Desmograptus. micronematodes, a silurian dendroid graptolite, and its ultrastructure
K.M. Saunders, D.E.B. Bates, Joanne Kluessendorf, David K. Loydell, Donald G. Mikulic
2009, Palaeontology (52) 541-559
Desmograptus micronematodes from Thornton quarry, Cook County, Illinois, USA, remarkably preserved in relief and encased in pyrite, is described. The internal details of the thecae, and of the stolon system, examined using the SEM, allow the reconstruction of the growth of a stipe. The stolons and stolonal nodes are formed...
Interpretation of earthquake-induced landslides triggered by the 12 May 2008, M7.9 Wenchuan earthquake in the Beichuan area, Sichuan Province, China using satellite imagery and Google Earth
H.P. Sato, E. L. Harp
2009, Landslides (6) 153-159
The 12 May 2008 M7.9 Wenchuan earthquake in the People's Republic of China represented a unique opportunity for the international community to use commonly available GIS (Geographic Information System) tools, like Google Earth (GE), to rapidly evaluate and assess landslide hazards triggered by the destructive earthquake and its aftershocks. In...
Currents in monterey submarine canyon
J. P. Xu, M.A. Noble
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (114)
Flow fields of mean, subtidal, and tidal frequencies between 250 and 3300 m water depths in Monterey Submarine Canyon are examined using current measurements obtained in three yearlong field experiments. Spatial variations in flow fields are mainly controlled by the topography (shape and width) of the canyon. The mean currents...
Recent status and trends of the land bird avifauna on Saipan, Mariana Islands, with emphasis on the endangered Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia
R.J. Camp, T.K. Pratt, A.P. Marshall, F. Amidon, L.L. Williams
2009, Bird Conservation International (19) 323-337
The avifauna of the Mariana Islands, an archipelago in the western Pacific, faces the threats of rapid economic development and the spread of non-native species, particularly a devastating predator, Brown Tree Snake Boiga irregularis. In this paper, we examine the status and trends of the land bird fauna of Saipan...
Factors influencing densities of non-indigenous species in the ballast water of ships arriving at ports in Puget Sound, Washington, United States
J.R. Cordell, D. J. Lawrence, N.C. Ferm, L.M. Tear, S.S. Smith, R.P. Herwig
2009, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (19) 322-343
Oceanographic characteristics and the presence of international shipping in Puget Sound, Washington, USA contribute to its vulnerability to non-indigenous species (NIS) invasions. To evaluate NIS arriving in ballast water, zooplankton was sampled in 380 ballast tanks of ships after they entered Puget Sound. Taxa were classified into a higher risk...
Detecting declines in the abundance of a bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) population: Understanding the accuracy, precision, and costs of our efforts
R. Al-Chokhachy, P. Budy, M. Conner
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 649-658
Using empirical field data for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), we evaluated the trade-off between power and sampling effort-cost using Monte Carlo simulations of commonly collected mark-recapture-resight and count data, and we estimated the power to detect changes in abundance across different time intervals. We also evaluated the effects of monitoring...
Water quality characterization in some birimian aquifers of the Birim Basin, Ghana
B.-Y. Bruce, S.M. Yidana, Y. Anku, T. Akabzaa, D. Asiedu
2009, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering (13) 179-187
The objective of this study was to determine the main controls on the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the study area. Mass balance modeling was used simultaneously with multivariate R-mode hierarchical cluster analysis to determine the significant sources of variation in the hydrochemistry. Two water types have been revealed in this...
Hydrolysis of polycarbonate in sub-critical water in fused silica capillary reactor with in situ Raman spectroscopy
Z. Pan, I-Ming Chou, R.C. Burruss
2009, Green Chemistry (11) 1105-1107
The advantages of using fused silica capillary reactor (FSCR) instead of conventional autoclave for studying chemical reactions at elevated pressure and temperature conditions were demonstrated in this study, including the allowance for visual observation under a microscope and in situ Raman spectroscopic characterization of polycarbonate and coexisting phases during hydrolysis in subcritical water....
Genetic diversity among brazilian isolates of beauveria bassiana: comparisons with non-brazilian isolates and other beauveria species
E.K.K. Fernandes, A.M.L. Moraes, R.S. Pacheco, D.E.N. Rangel, M.P. Miller, V.R.E.P. Bittencourt, D.W. Roberts
2009, Journal of Applied Microbiology (107) 760-774
Aims: The genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana was investigated by comparing isolates of this species to each other (49 from different geographical regions of Brazil and 4 from USA) and to other Beauveria spp. Methods and Results: The isolates were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), amplified fragment length polymorphism...
The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing
J. Liu, M. Ma, F. Zhang, Z. Yang, Joseph L. Domagalski
2009, Conference Paper, Ecotoxicology
Evaluating six main rivers and six lakes in Beihuan water system (BWS) and diagnosing the limiting factors of eco-health were conducted for the ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system (UWS) for Beijing. The results indicated that Jingmi River and Nanchang River were in a healthy state,...
Characterizing the oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate sources to aquatic ecosystems
M.B. Young, K. McLaughlin, C. Kendall, W. Stringfellow, M. Rollog, K. Elsbury, E. Donald, A. Paytan
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 5190-5196
The oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (δ18Op) in many aquatic ecosystems is not in isotopic equilibrium with ambient water and, therefore, may reflect the source δ18Op. Identification of phosphate sources to water bodies is critical for designing best management practices for phosphate load reduction to control eutrophication. In...
Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program
J.E. Hinck, C. J. Schmitt, K.A. Chojnacki, D. E. Tillitt
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (152) 469-494
Organochlorine chemical residues and elemental concentrations were measured in piscivorous and benthivorous fish at 111 sites from large U.S. river basins. Potential contaminant sources such as urban and agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, mine drainage, and irrigation varied among the sampling sites. Our objectives were to provide summary statistics for chemical...
Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery
L. Yang, L. Jiang, H. Lin, M. Liao
2009, GIScience and Remote Sensing (46) 161-171
In this study, we explored the potential to improve urban impervious surface modeling and mapping with the synergistic use of optical and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imagery. We used a Classification and Regression Tree (CART)-based approach to test the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying Impervious Surface Percentage (ISP) using...
Modern U-Pb chronometry of meteorites: advancing to higher time resolution reveals new problems
Y. Amelin, J. Connelly, R. E. Zartman, J.-H. Chen, C. Gopel, L.A. Neymark
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 5212-5223
In this paper, we evaluate the factors that influence the accuracy of lead (Pb)-isotopic ages of meteorites, and may possibly be responsible for inconsistencies between Pb-isotopic and extinct nuclide timescales of the early Solar System: instrumental mass fractionation and other possible analytical sources of error, presence of more than one...
What is "fallback"?: metrics needed to assess telemetry tag effects on anadromous fish behavior
Holly J. Frank, Martha E. Mather, Joseph M. Smith, Robert M. Muth, John T. Finn, Stephen D. McCormick
2009, Hydrobiologia (635) 237-249
Telemetry has allowed researchers to document the upstream migrations of anadromous fish in freshwater. In many anadromous alosine telemetry studies, researchers use downstream movements (“fallback”) as a behavioral field bioassay for adverse tag effects. However, these downstream movements have not been uniformly reported or interpreted. We quantified movement trajectories of...
Effects of sediment transport and seepage direction on hydraulic properties at the sediment-water interface of hyporheic settings
D.O. Rosenberry, J. Pitlick
2009, Journal of Hydrology (373) 377-391
Relations between seepage flux and hydraulic properties are difficult to quantify in fluvial settings because of the difficulty in measuring these variables in situ. Tests conducted in a 1.5-m diameter by 1.5-m tall sediment-filled tank indicate that hydraulic gradient increased and hydraulic conductivity (K) decreased following the onset of downward...
Species richness, relative abundance, and habitat associations of nocturnal birds along the rio grande in Southern texas
M.K. Skoruppa, M.C. Woodin, G. Blacklock
2009, Southwestern Naturalist (54) 317-323
The segment of the Rio Grande between International Falcon Reservoir and Del Rio, Texas (distance ca. 350 km), remains largely unexplored ornithologically. We surveyed nocturnal birds monthly during February-June 1998 at 19 stations along the Rio Grande (n = 6) and at upland stock ponds (n = 13) in Webb...
Climate-induced forest dieback: An escalating global phenomenon?
Craig D. Allen
2009, Unasylva (60) 43-49
Forests, which today cover 30 percent of the world’s land surface (FAO, 2006), are being rapidly and directly transformed in many areas by the impacts of expanding human populations and economies. Less evident are the pervasive effects of ongoing climatic changes on the condition and status of forests around the...
Mapping potentialy asbestos-bearing rocks using imaging spectroscopy
G.A. Swayze, R.F. Kokaly, C.T. Higgins, J.P. Clinkenbeard, R. N. Clark, H.A. Lowers, S. J. Sutley
2009, Geology (37) 763-766
Rock and soil that may contain naturally occurring asbestos (NOA), a known human carcinogen, were mapped in the Sierra Nevada, California, using the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) to determine if these materials could be uniquely identified with spectroscopy. Such information can be used to prepare or refine maps of...
Geotechnical properties of cemented sands in steep slopes
B.D. Collins, N. Sitar
2009, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (135) 1359-1366
An investigation into the geotechnical properties specific to assessing the stability of weakly and moderately cemented sand cliffs is presented. A case study from eroding coastal cliffs located in central California provides both the data and impetus for this study. Herein, weakly cemented sand is defined as having an unconfined...
Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification
C.S. Moses, S. Andrefouet, C. Kranenburg, F. E. Muller-Karger
2009, Marine Ecology Progress Series (380) 103-115
Using imagery at 30 m spatial resolution from the most recent Landsat satellite, the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), we scale up reef metabolic productivity and calcification from local habitat-scale (10 -1 to 100 km2) measurements to regional scales (103 to 104 km2). Distribution and spatial extent of...
Changes in West Nile virus seroprevalence and antibody titers among Wisconsin mesopredators 2003-2006
Douglas E. Docherty, Michael D. Samuel, Kristina F. Egstad, Kathryn M. Griffin, Cherrie A. Nolden, L. Karwal, S. Ip
2009, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (81) 177-179
After the 2001 occurrence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Wisconsin (WI), we collected sera, during 2003–2006, from south-central WI mesopredators. We tested these sera to determine WNV antibody prevalence and geometric mean antibody titer (GMAT). Four-fold higher antibody prevalence and 2-fold higher GMAT in 2003–2004 indicated greater exposure of...
