Hemlock ecosystem monitoring of New River Gorge National River and Gauley River National Recreation Area vegetation and bird communities: 1998–2008
John M. Wood, Petra Bohall Wood, John Perez
2009, Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2009/019
We initiated a long-term hemlock ecosystem monitoring study in 1998 on the New River Gorge National River (NERI) and Gauley River National Recreation Area (GARI), in Nicholas, Fayette, and Raleigh counties, West Virginia, to quantify the effects of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) on forest ecosystem dynamics. Hemlock vigor and degree...
Indicators and standards of quality for trail and campsite conditions at Isle au Haut
Jeffrey L. Marion
Robert E. Manning, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Parks and people: Managing outdoor recreation at Acadia National Park
No abstract available....
Review: Progress in rotational ground-motion observations from explosions and local earthquakes in Taiwan
William H. K. Lee, Bor-Shouh Huang, Charles A. Langston, Chin-Jen Lin, Chun-Chi Liu, Tzay-Chyn Shin, Ta-Liang Teng, Chien-Fu Wu
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 958-967
Rotational motions generated by large earthquakes in the far field have been successfully measured, and observations agree well with the classical elasticity theory. However, recent rotational measurements in the near field of earthquakes in Japan and in Taiwan indicate that rotational ground motions are 10 to 100 times larger...
CO2 storage resources, reserves, and reserve growth: Toward a methodology for integrated assessment of the storage capacity of oil and gas reservoirs and saline formations
Robert Burruss
2009, Energy Procedia (1) 2679-2683
Geologically based methodologies to assess the possible volumes of subsurface CO2 storage must apply clear and uniform definitions of resource and reserve concepts to each assessment unit (AU). Application of the current state of knowledge of geologic, hydrologic, geochemical, and geophysical parameters (contingencies) that control storage volume and injectivity allows definition...
Pollen-based biome reconstructions for Latin America at 0, 6000 and 18 000 radiocarbon years ago
R. Marchant, A. Cleef, S. P. Harrison, H. Hooghiemstra, Vera Markgraf, J. Van Boxel, T. Ager, L. Almeida, R. Anderson, C. Baied, H. Behling, J. C. Berrio, R. Burbridge, S. Bjorck, R. Byrne, M. Bush, J. Duivenvoorden, J. Flenley, P. De Oliveira, B. Van Gee, K. Graf, W. D. Gosling, S. Harbele, T. Van Der Hammen, B. Hansen, S. Horn, P. Kuhry, M.-P. Ledru, F. Mayle, B. Leyden, S. Lozano-Garcia, A. M. Melief, P. Moreno, N. T. Moar, A. Prieto, G. Van Reenen, F. Schabitz, M. Salgado-Labouriau, E. J. Schreve-Brinkman, M. Wille
2009, Climate of the Past (5) 725-767
The biomisation method is used to reconstruct Latin American vegetation at 6000±500 and 18 000±1000 radiocarbon years before present (14C yr BP) from pollen data. Tests using modern pollen data from 381 samples derived from 287 locations broadly reproduce potential natural vegetation. The strong temperature gradient associated with the Andes...
Disease, predation and demography: Assessing the impacts of bovine tuberculosis on African buffalo by monitoring at individual and population levels
P.C. Cross, D.M. Heisey, J.A. Bowers, C.T. Hay, J. Wolhuter, P. Buss, M. Hofmeyr, A.L. Michel, Roy G. Bengis, T.L.F. Bird, Johan T. du Toit, W.M. Getz
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 467-475
SummaryUnderstanding the effects of disease is critical to determining appropriate management responses, but estimating those effects in wildlife species is challenging. We used bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in the African buffalo Syncerus caffer population of Kruger National Park, South Africa, as a case study to highlight the issues associated with estimating...
Etheostoma erythrozonum, a new species of darter (Teleostei: Percidae) from the Meramec River drainage, Missouri
J.F. Switzer, R.M. Wood
2009, Zootaxa (2095) 1-7
A new species of darter, Etheostoma erythrozonum, is described from the Meramec River drainage of Missouri, USA. Etheostoma erythrozonum is the first known fish species endemic to the Meramec River drainage. It differs morphologically and genetically from populations of its sister species, Etheostoma tetrazonum, from the Gasconade River, Osage River, and Moreau River drainages....
Late Pleistocene eolian features in southeastern Maryland and Chesapeake Bay region indicate strong WNW-NW winds accompanied growth of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
H. W. Markewich, R. J. Litwin, M.J. Pavich, G.A. Brook
2009, Quaternary Research (71) 409-425
Inactive parabolic dunes are present in southeastern Maryland, USA, along the east bank of the Potomac River. More elongate and finer-grained eolian deposits and paha-like ridges characterize the Potomac River-Patuxent River upland and the west side of Chesapeake Bay. These ridges are streamlined erosional features, veneered with eolian sediment and...
A spatial model to prioritize sagebrush landscapes in the intermountain west (U.S.A.) for restoration
C.W. Meinke, S.T. Knick, D.A. Pyke
2009, Restoration Ecology (17) 652-659
The ecological integrity of Sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems in the Intermountain West (U.S.A.) has been diminished by synergistic relationships among human activities, spread of invasive plants, and altered disturbance regimes. An aggressive effort to restore Sagebrush habitats is necessary if we are to stabilize or improve current habitat trajectories and...
How the continents deform: The evidence from tectonic geodesy
Wayne R. Thatcher
2009, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences (37) 237-262
Space geodesy now provides quantitative maps of the surface velocity field within tectonically active regions, supplying constraints on the spatial distribution of deformation, the forces that drive it, and the brittle and ductile properties of continental lithosphere. Deformation is usefully described as relative motions among elastic blocks and...
Threats to Paddlefish habitat: Implications for conservation
Joseph E. Gerken, Craig P. Paukert
2009, American Fisheries Society Symposium (66)
No abstract available....
Modeling hazardous mass flows Geoflows09: Mathematical and computational aspects of modeling hazardous geophysical mass flows; Seattle, Washington, 9–11 March 2009
Richard M. Iverson, Randall J. LeVeque
2009, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (90) 201-201
A recent workshop at the University of Washington focused on mathematical and computational aspects of modeling the dynamics of dense, gravity-driven mass movements such as rock avalanches and debris flows. About 30 participants came from seven countries and brought diverse backgrounds in geophysics; geology; physics; applied and computational mathematics; and...
The use of fluoride as a natural tracer in water and the relationship to geological features: Examples from the Animas River Watershed, San Juan Mountains, Silverton, Colorado
Dana J. Bove, Katherine Walton-Day, Briant A. Kimball
2009, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (9) 125-138
Investigations within the Silverton caldera, in southwestern Colorado, used a combination of traditional geological mapping, alteration-assemblage mapping, and aqueous geochemical sampling that showed a relationship between geological and hydrologic features that may be used to better understand the provenance and evolution of the water. Veins containing fluorite, huebnerite, and elevated...
A multi-proxy palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic record within full glacial lacustrine deposits, western Tennessee, USA
D.A. Grimley, L. Daniel, S.W. Kaplan, C.H. Yansa, B. Brandon Curry, E.A. Oches
2009, Journal of Quaternary Science (24) 960-981
The Fulton Section, along the Mississippi River in western Tennessee, USA, is a 1km continuous exposure (~20m vertically) of Quaternary fluvial and lacustrine deposits, inset within Eocene sediments and buried by thick loess. Fossiliferous slackwater lake sediments record maximum aggradation during the last two major glaciations, with deposition between ca....
Measurement of soil carbon oxidation state and oxidative ratio by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance
W.C. Hockaday, C.A. Masiello, J. T. Randerson, R.J. Smernik, J.A. Baldock, O.A. Chadwick, J.W. Harden
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (114)
The oxidative ratio (OR) of the net ecosystem carbon balance is the ratio of net O2 and CO2 fluxes resulting from photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and other lateral and vertical carbon flows. The OR of the terrestrial biosphere must be well characterized to accurately estimate the terrestrial CO2 sink using atmospheric...
The puzzle of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake: no volumetric component in the source mechanism
Hrvoje Tkalcic, Douglas S. Dreger, Gillian R. Foulger, Bruce R. Julian
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 3077-3085
A volcanic earthquake with Mw 5.6 occurred beneath the Bárdarbunga caldera in Iceland on 29 September 1996. This earthquake is one of a decade-long sequence of events at Bárdarbunga with non-double-couple mechanisms in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog. Fortunately, it was recorded well by the regional-scale...
A multidisciplinary effort to assign realistic source parameters to models of volcanic ash-cloud transport and dispersion during eruptions
Larry G. Mastin, Marianne C. Guffanti, R. Servranckx, P. Webley, S. Barsotti, K. Dean, A. Durant, John W. Ewert, A. Neri, W.I. Rose, David J. Schneider, Lee Siebert, B. Stunder, G. Swanson, A. Tupper, A. Volentik, Christopher F. Waythomas
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (186) 10-21
During volcanic eruptions, volcanic ash transport and dispersion models (VATDs) are used to forecast the location and movement of ash clouds over hours to days in order to define hazards to aircraft and to communities downwind. Those models use input parameters, called “eruption source parameters”, such as plume height H,...
Metal contamination and post-remediation recovery in the Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana
Daniel M. Unruh, Stanley E Church, David A. Nimick, David L. Fey
2009, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (9) 179-199
The legacy of acid mine drainage and toxic trace metals left in streams by historical mining is being addressed by many important yet costly remediation efforts. Monitoring of environmental conditions frequently is not performed but is essential to evaluate remediation effectiveness, determine whether clean-up goals have been met, and assess...
Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)
F.K. Mazdab
2009, Canadian Mineralogist (47) 813-831
Crystals of titanite can be readily grown under ambient pressure from a mixture of CaO, TiO2 and SiO2 in the presence of molten sodium tetraborate. The crystals produced are euhedral and prismatic, lustrous and transparent, and up to 5 mm in length. Titanite obtained by this method contains approximately 4300...
Phylogeographic reconstruction of a bacterial species with high levels of lateral gene transfer
T. Pearson, P. Giffard, S. Beckstrom-Sternberg, R. Auerbach, H. Hornstra, A. Tuanyok, E.P. Price, M.B. Glass, B. Leadem, J. S. Beckstrom-Sternberg, G.J. Allan, J.T. Foster, D.M. Wagner, R.T. Okinaka, S.H. Sim, O. Pearson, Z. Wu, J. Chang, R. Kaul, A.R. Hoffmaster, T.S. Brettin, R.A. Robison, M. Mayo, J.E. Gee, P. Tan, B.J. Currie, P. Keim
2009, BMC Biology (7)
Background: Phylogeographic reconstruction of some bacterial populations is hindered by low diversity coupled with high levels of lateral gene transfer. A comparison of recombination levels and diversity at seven housekeeping genes for eleven bacterial species, most of which are commonly cited as having high levels of lateral gene transfer shows...
Chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies metamorphic rocks and associated pegmatites of East Antarctica and South India
Harvey E. Belkin, R. Macdonald, E.S. Grew
2009, Mineralogical Magazine (73) 149-164
Electron microprobe data are presented for chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies rocks and associated pegmatites of the Napier Complex and Mawson Station charnockite in East Antarctica and from the Eastern Ghats, South India. Their compositions conform to the general formula for this group, viz. A4BC2D2Si4O22 where, in the analysed specimens A...
Does a lack of design and repeatability compromise scientific criticism? A Response to Smith et al. (2009)
Michael B. Wunder, Keith A. Hobson, Jeff Kelly, Peter P. Marra, Leonard I Wassenaar, Craig A. Stricker, Richard R. Doucett
2009, The Auk (126) 922-926
In a recent paper published in The Auk, Smith et al. (2009) raised serious concerns over an apparent lack of reproducibility in their study of stable hydrogen isotope values (δDf ) in raptor feathers. The authors based their concerns on results obtained from different laboratories to which they submitted original...
Interactions between soil thermal and hydrological dynamics in the response of Alaska ecosystems to fire disturbance
Shuhua Yi, A. David McGuire, Jennifer Harden, Eric Kasischke, Kristen L. Manies, Larry Hinzman, Anna K. Liljedahl, J. Randerson, Heping Liu, Vladimir E. Romanovsky, Sergey S. Marchenko, Yongwon Kim
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (114)
Soil temperature and moisture are important factors that control many ecosystem processes. However, interactions between soil thermal and hydrological processes are not adequately understood in cold regions, where the frozen soil, fire disturbance, and soil drainage play important roles in controlling interactions among these processes. These interactions were investigated with...
Decision making with epistemic uncertainty under safety constraints: An application to seismic design
D. Veneziano, A. Agarwal, E. Karaca
2009, Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics (24) 426-437
The problem of accounting for epistemic uncertainty in risk management decisions is conceptually straightforward, but is riddled with practical difficulties. Simple approximations are often used whereby future variations in epistemic uncertainty are ignored or worst-case scenarios are postulated. These strategies tend to produce sub-optimal decisions. We develop a general framework...
Simulated dynamics of carbon stocks driven by changes in land use, management and climate in a tropical moist ecosystem of Ghana
Z. Tan, S. Liu, L.L. Tieszen, E. Tachie-Obeng
2009, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment (130) 171-176
Sub-Saharan Africa is large and diverse with regions of food insecurity and high vulnerability to climate change. This project quantifies carbon stocks and fluxes in the humid forest zone of Ghana, as a part of an assessment in West Africa. The General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) was used to...
