Multi-scale models of grassland passerine abundance in a fragmented system in Wisconsin
R.B. Renfrew, C. A. Ribic
2008, Landscape Ecology (23) 181-193
Fragmentation of grasslands has been implicated in grassland bird population declines. Multi-scale models are being increasingly used to assess potential factors that influence grassland bird presence, abundance, and productivity. However, studies rarely assess fragmentation metrics, and seldom evaluate more than two scales or interactions among scales. We evaluated the relative...
Analysis of iron, zinc, selenium and cadmium in paraffin-embedded prostate tissue specimens using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry
A.G. Sarafanov, T.I. Todorov, A. Kajdacsy-Balla, Michael A. Gray, V. MacIas, J.A. Centeno
2008, Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology (22) 305-314
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens represent a valuable and abundant resource of pathologic material for various biomedical studies. In the present study, we report the application of high-resolution inductively coupled mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) for quantification of Fe, Zn, Se and Cd in FFPE prostate tissue. These elements have a possible role...
'Snake River (SR)-type' volcanism at the Yellowstone hotspot track: Distinctive products from unusual, high-temperature silicic super-eruptions
M.J. Branney, B. Bonnichsen, G.D.M. Andrews, B. Ellis, T.L. Barry, M. McCurry
2008, Bulletin of Volcanology (70) 293-314
A new category of large-scale volcanism, here termed Snake River (SR)-type volcanism, is defined with reference to a distinctive volcanic facies association displayed by Miocene rocks in the central Snake River Plain area of southern Idaho and northern Nevada, USA. The facies association contrasts with those typical of silicic volcanism...
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Howard S. Ginsberg, M.K. Faulde
Xavier Bonnefoy, Helge Kampen, Kevin Sweeney, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, Public health significance of urban pests
No abstract available....
Mass balance and isotope effects during nitrogen transport through septic tank systems with packed-bed (sand) filters
S.R. Hinkle, J.K. Böhlke, L.H. Fisher
2008, Science of the Total Environment (407) 324-332
Septic tank systems are an important source of NO3− to many aquifers, yet characterization of N mass balance and isotope systematics following septic tank effluent discharge into unsaturated sediments has received limited attention. In this study, samples of septic tank effluent before and after transport through single-pass packed-bed filters...
Lake trout demographics in relation to burbot and coregonine populations in the Algonquin Highlands, Ontario
L.M. Carl
2008, Environmental Biology of Fishes (83) 127-138
The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that lake trout populations change in relation to cisco, lake whitefish, round whitefish and burbot populations in lakes in the Algonquin Highlands region of Ontario. Lake trout population change is greatest where cisco and lake whitefish are present. Lake trout...
Measuring real-time streamflow using emerging technologies: Radar, hydroacoustics, and the probability concept
J. Fulton, J. Ostrowski
2008, Journal of Hydrology (357) 1-10
Forecasting streamflow during extreme hydrologic events such as floods can be problematic. This is particularly true when flow is unsteady, and river forecasts rely on models that require uniform-flow rating curves to route water from one forecast point to another. As a result, alternative methods for measuring streamflow are needed...
Influences of body size and environmental factors on autumn downstream migration of bull trout in the Boise River, Idaho
L. Monnot, J. B. Dunham, T. Hoem, P. Koetsier
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 231-240
Many fishes migrate extensively through stream networks, yet patterns are commonly described only in terms of the origin and destination of migration (e.g., between natal and feeding habitats). To better understand patterns of migration in bull trout,Salvelinus confluentus we studied the influences of body size (total length [TL]) and environmental...
Trends and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia
W.H. Cheung, G.B. Senay, A. Singh
2008, International Journal of Climatology (28) 1723-1734
As a country whose economy is heavily dependent on low-productivity rainfed agriculture, rainfall trends are often cited as one of the more important factors in explaining various socio-economic problems such as food insecurity. Therefore, in order to help policymakers and developers make more informed decisions, this study investigated the temporal...
Sampling considerations for disease surveillance in wildlife populations
S.M. Nusser, W.R. Clark, David L. Otis, L. Huang
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 52-60
Disease surveillance in wildlife populations involves detecting the presence of a disease, characterizing its prevalence and spread, and subsequent monitoring. A probability sample of animals selected from the population and corresponding estimators of disease prevalence and detection provide estimates with quantifiable statistical properties, but this approach is rarely used. Although...
Inactivation of Ichthyophonus spores using sodium hypochlorite and polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine
P.K. Hershberger, C.A. Pacheco, J.L. Gregg
2008, Journal of Fish Diseases (31) 853-858
Chlorine and iodine solutions were effective at inactivating Ichthyophonus spores in vitro. Inactivation in sea water increased directly with halogen concentration and exposure duration, with significant differences (P < 0.05) from controls occurring at all chlorine concentrations and exposure durations tested (1.5-13.3 ppm for 1-60 min) and at most iodine...
Nesting biology of Lesser Canada Geese, Branta canadensis parvipes, along the Tanana River, Alaska
Craig R. Ely, John M. Pearce, Roger W. Ruess
2008, Canadian Field-Naturalist (122) 29-33
Lesser Canada Geese (Branta canadensis parvipes) are widespread throughout interior regions of Alaska and Canada, yet there have been no published studies documenting basic aspects of their nesting biology. We conducted a study to determine reproductive parameters of Lesser Canada Geese nesting along the Tanana River near the city of...
Age, distribution, and formation of late cenozoic paleovalleys of the lower Colorado River and their relation to river aggradation and degradation
K. A. Howard, S.C. Lundstrom, D.V. Malmon, S.J. Hook
2008, Conference Paper, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America
Distinctive far-traveled fluvial sediment of the lower Colorado River fills 20 paleo-valleys now stranded by the river downstream of Grand Canyon as it crosses the Basin and Range Province. These sediments resulted from two or more aggradational epi sodes in Pliocene and Pleistocene times following initial incision during the early...
Association among active seafloor deformation, mound formation, and gas hydrate growth and accumulation within the seafloor of the Santa Monica Basin, offshore California
C. K. Paull, W. R. Normark, W. Ussler III, D.W. Caress, R. Keaten
2008, Marine Geology (250) 258-275
Seafloor blister-like mounds, methane migration and gas hydrate formation were investigated through detailed seafloor surveys in Santa Monica Basin, offshore of Los Angeles, California. Two distinct deep-water (??? 800??m water depth) topographic mounds were surveyed using an autonomous underwater vehicle (carrying a multibeam sonar and a chirp sub-bottom profiler) and...
Near-surface location, geometry, and velocities of the Santa Monica Fault Zone, Los Angeles, California
R. D. Catchings, G. Gandhok, M. R. Goldman, D. Okaya, M. J. Rymer, G.W. Bawden
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 124-138
High-resolution seismic-reflection and seismic-refraction imaging, combined with existing borehole, earthquake, and paleoseismic trenching data, suggest that the Santa Monica fault zone in Los Angeles consists of multiple strands from several kilometers depth to the near surface. We interpret our seismic data as showing two shallow-depth low-angle fault strands and multiple...
Developing conceptual hydrogeological model for Potsdam sandstones in southwestern Quebec, Canada
Miroslav Nastev, R. Morin, Rejean Godin, Alain Rouleau
2008, Hydrogeology Journal (16) 373-388
A hydrogeological study was conducted in Potsdam sandstones on the international border between Canada (Quebec) and the USA (New York). Two sandstone formations, arkose and conglomerate (base) and well-cemented quartz arenite (upper), underlie the study area and form the major regional aquifer unit. Glacial till, littoral sand and gravel, and...
Restoring piscivorous fish populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes causes seabird dietary change
C.E. Hebert, D.V.C. Weseloh, A. Idrissi, M.T. Arts, R. O'Gorman, O. T. Gorman, B. Locke, C.P. Madenjian, E.F. Roseman
2008, Ecology (89) 891-897
Ecosystem change often affects the structure of aquatic communities thereby regulating how much and by what pathways energy and critical nutrients flow through food webs. The availability of energy and essential nutrients to top predators such as seabirds that rely on resources near the water's surface will be affected by...
Modern erosion rates and loss of coastal features and sites, Beaufort Sea coastline, Alaska
Benjamin M. Jones, Kenneth M. Hinkel, C.D. Arp, Wendy R. Eisner
2008, Arctic (61) 361-372
This study presents modern erosion rate measurements based upon vertical aerial photography captured in 1955, 1979, and 2002 for a 100 km segment of the Beaufort Sea coastline. Annual erosion rates from 1955 to 2002 averaged 5.6 m a-1. However, mean erosion rates increased from 5.0 m a-1 in 1955-79...
An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff
S.-S. Wu, E.L. Usery, M.P. Finn, D.D. Bosch
2008, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (35) 265-278
This study investigates the changes in simulated watershed runoff from the Agricultural NonPoint Source (AGNPS) pollution model as a function of model input cell size resolution for eight different cell sizes (30 m, 60 m, 120 m, 210 m, 240 m, 480 m, 960 m, and 1920 m) for the...
Assessment of exposure risk of polychlorinated biphenyls to interior least terns (Sterna antillarum)
B.C. Sanchez, C.A. Caldwell
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 617-622
Risk of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and effects were assessed for a colony of federally endangered interior least terns (Sterna antillarum) nesting on the Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NM, USA). The colony feeds from an area on the Refuge (Hunter Marsh/Oxbow Complex) wherein fish with elevated concentrations of total...
Multi-residue method for the analysis of 85 current-use and legacy pesticides in bed and suspended sediments
K.L. Smalling, K.M. Kuivila
2008, Journal of Chromatography A (1210) 8-18
A multi-residue method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 85 current-use and legacy organochlorine pesticides in a single sediment sample. After microwave-assisted extraction, clean-up of samples was optimized using gel permeation chromatography and either stacked carbon and alumina solid-phase extraction cartridges or a deactivated Florisil column. Analytes were determined...
Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging using a high-resolution linear radon transform
Y. Luo, J. Xia, R. D. Miller, Y. Xu, J. Liu, Q. Liu
2008, Pure and Applied Geophysics (165) 903-922
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) analysis is an efficient tool to obtain the vertical shear-wave profile. One of the key steps in the MASW method is to generate an image of dispersive energy in the frequency-velocity domain, so dispersion curves can be determined by picking peaks of dispersion energy....
Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) from their food
C.P. Madenjian, D.V. O’Connor, R.R. Rediske, J. P. O’Keefe, S.A. Pothoven
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 631-636
Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) were fed rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in four laboratory tanks over a 133-d experiment. At the start of the experiment, 10 to 14 of the fish in each tank were sacrificed, and the concentrations of 40 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners within these fish were determined. Polychlorinated...
Using climate information for fuels management
Crystal A. Kolden, Timothy J. Brown
2008, Climate Ecosystem Fire Applications CEFA Report 08-01
Climate has come to the forefront of wildfire discussions in recent years as research contributes to the general understanding of how climate influences fuels availability to burn, the occurrence of severe fire weather conditions and other wildfire parameters. This understanding has crossed over into wildfire management applications through the creation...
Persistent earthquake clusters and gaps from slip on irregular faults
Tom Parsons
2008, Nature Geoscience (1) 59-63
Earthquake-producing fault systems like the San Andreas fault in California show self-similar structural variation1; earthquakes cluster in space,...
