U–Pb geochronology of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutons in the northern Coast Mountains batholith
G.E. Gehrels, W. C. McClelland, S.D. Sampson, Patchett P. Jonathan, David A. Brew
1991, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (28) 899-911
U–Pb geochronologic studies demonstrate that steeply dipping, sheetlike tonalitic plutons along the western margin of the northern Coast Mountains batholith were emplaced between ~83 and ~57 (perhaps ~55) Ma. Less elongate tonalitic–granodioritic bodies in central portions of the batholith yield ages of 59–58 Ma, coeval with younger phases of the tonalitic...
Aquatic habitat measurement and valuation: imputing social benefits to instream flow levels
Aaron J. Douglas, Richard L. Johnson
1991, Journal of Environmental Management (32) 267-280
Instream flow conflicts have been analysed from the perspectives offered by policy oriented applied (physical) science, theories of conflict resolution and negotiation strategy, and psychological analyses of the behavior patterns of the bargaining parties. Economics also offers some useful insights in analysing conflict resolution within the context of these water...
Single-station decomposition of seismograms for subevent time histories
Massimo Di Bona, John Boatwright
1991, Geophysical Journal International (105) 103-117
We have adapted an iterative least-squares inversion with positivity constraints to the problem of deconvolving the recordings of a small earthquake from the recordings of a large composite earthquake. The inversion uses an F test to minimize the number of non-zero amplitudes or subevents in the solution set, by requiring each added...
Diurnal photosynthesis cycle in CAM and non-CAM seasonal pool aquatic macrophytes
Jon E. Keeley, Darren R. Sandquist
1991, Ecology (72) 716-727
Seasonal pools undergo marked diurnal changes in pH, free carbon dioxide, and oxygen levels. Previous studies showed that Isoetes howellii utilized crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis as a means of assimilating carbon at night when ambient carbon dioxide levels are high. However, much of the pool flora is not CAM....
Home range and movements of juvenile Puerto Rican parrots
Gerald D. Lindsey, Wayne J. Arendt, Jan Kalina, Grey W. Pendleton
1991, Journal of Wildlife Management (55) 318-322
We studied home range and movements of 15 radio-marked, juvenile Puerto Rican parrots (Amazona vittata) fledging from wild nests during summer and fall, 1985-87. When juvenile parrots remained in the nest valley, home ranges during 1986 (x̄ = 32 ± 10 [SE] ha, n = 4) were larger (P...
In vivo and in vitro transfer of trout spleen sections for early analysis of the immune response
D. P. Anderson, O. W. Dixon, E. F. Lizzio
1991, Fish and Shellfish Pathology (1) 99-105
To determine the earliest time after in vivo immunisation that the spleen could be excised and held in vitro to detect an immune response, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were exposed to DNP-Ficoll or Yersinia ruckeri O antigen administered by intraperitoneal injection or by bath. The spleens were excised from the fish at selected times after immunisation,...
Comment on the treatment of residual water content in “A consistent set of parametric models for the two-phase flow of immiscible fluids in the subsurface” by L. Luckner et al.
John R. Nimmo
1991, Water Resources Research (27) 661-662
Luckner et al. [1989] (hereinafter LVN) present a clear summary and generalization of popular formulations used for convenient representation of porous media fluid flow characteristics, including water content (θ) related to suction (h) and hydraulic conductivity (K) related to θ or h. One essential but problematic element in the LVN...
Effect of hunting on annual survival of grey ducks in New Zealand
Richard J. Barker, James E. Hines, James D. Nichols
1991, Journal of Wildlife Management (55) 260-265
We used band recovery data from grey ducks (Anas superciliosa) banded in New Zealand between 1957 and 1974 to test 2 null hypotheses: (1) hunting mortality is completely additive to natural sources of mortality, and (2) hunting mortality is completely compensated by changes in natural mortality. We modeled annual survival...
Population trends from the American woodcock singing-ground survey, 1970-88
John R. Sauer, James B. Bortner
1991, Journal of Wildlife Management (55) 300-312
Population trend analysis of American woodcook (Scolopax minor) using data from a singing-ground survey indicates population declines throughout the breeding range of the species between 1970 and 1988. In the eastern United States and Canada, this decline has been quite consistent throughout the period, but in the central portion of...
Density cycles in an island population of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus
Charles A. Drost, Gary M. Fellers
1991, Oikos (60) 351-364
We report on eight years of data for a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on Santa Barbara Island, California which reaches exceptionally high densities and fluctuates markedly in an apparent three- to four-year cycle. The cyclic increase follows winters with high rainfall, and the decline may be similarly associated...
A rationale for the use of colonial fish-eating birds to monitor the presence of developmental toxicants in Great Lakes fish
G.A. Fox, Michael Gilbertson, A.P. Gilman, T.J. Kubiak
1991, Journal of Great Lakes Research (17) 151-152
No abstract available. ...
Structure and depositional patterns and their influence on the hydraulic conductivity of fan-deltas in southern Puerto Rico
Robert A. Renken, Fernando Gomez-Gomez, Vicente Quinones-Aponte, Rafael Dacosta
Fernando Gomez-Gomez, Vicente Quinones-Aponte, A.I. Johnson, editor(s)
1991, Conference Paper, Regional Aquifer Systems of the United States, Aquifers of the Caribbean Islands, American Water Association Monograph Series No. 15
Physical aspects of Hurricane Hugo in Puerto Rico
F.N. Scatena, Matthew C. Larsen
1991, Biotropica (23) 317-323
On 18 September 1989 the western part ofHurricane Hugo crossed eastern Puerto Rico and the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF). Storm-facing slopes on the northeastern part of the island that were within 15 km of the eye and received greater than 200 mm of rain were most affected by the storm....
Quasi-static fault growth and shear fracture energy in granite
D.A. Lockner, J.D. Byerlee, V. Kuksenko, A. Ponomarev, A. Sidorin
1991, Nature (350) 39-42
The failure process in a brittle granite sample can be stabilized by controlling axial stress to maintain a constant rate of acoustic emission. As a result, the post-failure stress curve can be followed quasistatically, extending to hours the fault growth process which normally would occur violently in a fraction of...
Minnesota floods and drought
G.H. Carlson
1991, Book chapter, National Water Summary 1988-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2375
No abstract available...
Unified theory on power laws for flow resistance
Cheng-lung Chen
1991, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (117) 371-389
Two general power formulas, one for hydraulically smooth flows and the other for fully rough flows, are derived in a rational way from the widely accepted logarithmic formulas for the velocity profile and the Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor. A regression analysis based on the method of least squares is used to...
Atmospheric deposition and solute export in giant sequoia: Mixed conifer watersheds in the Sierra Nevada, California
Thomas J. Stohlgren, John M. Melack, Anne M. Esperanza, David J. Parsons
1991, Biogeochemistry (12) 207-230
Atmospheric depostion and stream discharge and solutes were measured for three years (September 1984 — August 1987) in two mixed conifer watersheds in Sequoia National Park, in the southern Sierra Nevada of California. The Log Creek watershed (50 ha, 2067–2397 m elev.) is drained by a perennial stream, while Tharp's...
Slip rate, earthquake recurrence, and seismogenic potential of the Rodgers Creek Fault Zone, northern California: Initial results
Karin E. Budding, David P. Schwartz, David H. Oppenheimer
1991, Geophysical Research Letters (18) 447-450
Instrumental seismicity defines a seismic gap along the Rodgers Creek fault zone (RCFZ) between Santa Rosa and San Pablo Bay. Results of a paleoseismicity study within the gap, using offset channels in late Holocene alluvial deposits as piercing points, indicate a minimum slip rate of 2.1 to 5.8 mm/yr for the past...
Decreased survival of rainbow trout exposed to no. 2 fuel oil caused by sublethal preexposure
B. L. Steadman, W. A. Stubblefield, T. W. Lapoint, H.L. Bergman, M.S. Kaiser
1991, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (10) 355-363
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed for 21 d to sublethal levels of No. 2 fuel oil (2FO). The four exposure concentrations ranged from 12 to 100 mg/L 2FO dispersed in water and resulted in 0 to 12% mortality. Following this exposure period (preexposure) the ability of preexposed trout to...
Evidence of strong earthquake shaking in the lower Wabash Valley from prehistoric liquefaction features
S. F. Obermeier, N.R. Bleuer, C.A. Munson, P.J. Munson, W.S. Martin, K.M. McWilliams, D.A. Tabaczynski, J. K. Odum, M. Rubin, Donald L. Eggert
1991, Science (251) 1061-1063
Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in Holocene sediments provide evidence of strong prehistoric shaking, magnitude mb 6.2 to 6.7, in the Wabash Valley bordering Indiana and Illinois. The source of the one or more earthquakes responsible was almost certainly in or near the Wabash Valley. The largest event is interpreted to have occurred between...
Water use in Minnesota, 1985
L. C. Trotta
1991, Report
No abstract available....
Seismic excitation by the space shuttle Columbia
H. Kanamori, J. Mori, D.L. Anderson, T. H. Heaton
1991, Nature (349) 781-782
Seismic stations in southern California recorded the atmospheric shock waves generated by the space shuttle Columbia on its return to the Edwards Air Force base on 13 August 1989 (Fig. 1). In addition to the shock wave, the broad-band IRIS–TERRAscope station at Pasadena recorded a distinct pulse with a period...
The detection of coastal-trapped waves
John W. Haines, K. Thompson, Doug P. Wiens
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (96) 2593-2597
We outline a simple method for estimating the cross-spectral matrix of coastal-trapped wave amplitudes,A, from a set of oceanographic observations. Specifically, we propose that A may be estimated by (M'M)-1M'UM(M'M)-1 where a prime denote conjugate transpose, U is the sample cross-spectral matrix of observations and M is a matrix which...
National workshop on gas hydrates
M.D. Max, William P. Dillon, R.D. Malone, Keith A. Kvenvolden
1991, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (72) 474-746
The range of present knowledge on the subject of gas hydrates and related federal research programs was the topic of discussion at the National Workshop on Gas Hydrates, April 23–24. The intention of the meeting was to provide the impetus for an expanded and broader‐based national research program in both...
Tolerance of subyearling American shad to short-term exposure to gas supersaturation
T. W. H. Backman, R. M. Ross, W. F. Krise
1991, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (11) 67-71
Subyearling American shad Alosa sapidissima normally migrate from rivers in the fall and may encounter changes in gas supersaturation levels while traversing hydroelectric dams. To determine whether changes in behavior or survival occur during these events, we exposed subyearling American shad to five levels of gas supersaturation that included pressure increases above...
