Accuracy of selected techniques for estimating ice-affected streamflow
John F. Walker
1991, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (117) 697-712
This paper compares the accuracy of selected techniques for estimating streamflow during ice‐affected periods. The techniques are classified into two categories—subjective and analytical—depending on the degree of judgment required. Discharge measurements have been made at three streamflow‐gauging sites in Iowa during the 1987–88 winter and used to establish a baseline...
Denitrification in nitrate-contaminated groundwater: Occurrence in steep vertical geochemical gradients
R. L. Smith, B.L. Howes, J.H. Duff
1991, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (55) 1815-1825
A relatively narrow vertical zone (5–6 m thick) of NO3− containing groundwater was identified using multilevel sampling devices in a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, USA. The aquifer has been chronically contaminated by surface disposal of treated sewage 0.3 km upgradient...
Facies development in the Lower Freeport coal bed, west-central Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
B.S. Pierce, R.W. Stanton, C.F. Eble
1991, International Journal of Coal Geology (18) 17-43
The Lower Freeport coal bed in west-central Pennsylvania is interpreted to have formed within a lacustrine-mire environment. Conditions of peat formation, caused by the changing chemical and physical environments, produced five coal facies and two mineral-rich parting facies within the coal...
Application of uphole data from petroleum seismic surveys to groundwater investigations, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)
D. Woodward, C.M. Menges
1991, Geoexploration (27) 193-212
Velocity data from uphole surveys were used to map the water table and the contact at the base dune sand/top alluvium as part of a joint National Drilling Company-United States Geological Survey Ground Water Research Project in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. During 1981–1983, a reconnaissance seismic survey was...
Precise determinations of the equilibria kyanite <--> sillimanite and kyanite <--> andalusite and a revised triple point for Al2SiO5 polymorphs
Steven R. Bohlen, Art Montana, Derrill M. Kerrick
1991, American Mineralogist (76) 677-680
Investigates the equilibria kyanite ??? sillimanite and kyanite ??? andalusite using the piston-cylinder apparatus to refine the phase relationships among Al2SiO3 polymorphs. Experiments at the US Geological Survey constrain the kyanite ??? sillimanite equilibrium to 14.3-14.6, 11.4-11.7, 9.5-10.0, and 6.0-6.5 kbar at 1000, 900, 800, and 600??C, respectively. At UCLA,...
Fate of acetone in an outdoor model stream with a nitrate supplement, southern Mississippi, U.S.A.
R. E. Rathbun, D. W. Stephens, D. Y. Tai
1991, Journal of Hydrology (123) 225-242
The fate of acetone in an outdoor model stream to which nitrate was added as a nutrient supplement was determined. The stream, in southern Mississippi, U.S.A. was 234 m long. Water was supplied to the stream by an artesian well at about 1.21 s−1, resulting in a mean water velocity...
Statistical analyses of soil properties on a quaternary terrace sequence in the upper sava river valley, Slovenia, Yugoslavia
N. Vidic, M. Pavich, F. Lobnik
1991, Geoderma (51) 189-211
Alpine glaciations, climatic changes and tectonic movements have created a Quaternary sequence of gravely carbonate sediments in the upper Sava River Valley, Slovenia, Yugoslavia. The names for terraces, assigned in this model, Günz, Mindel, Riss and Würm in order of decreasing age, are used as morphostratigraphic terms. Soil chronosequence on...
Boron analysis by electron microprobe using MoB4C layered synthetic crystals
J. J. McGee, J. F. Slack, C.R. Herrington
1991, American Mineralogist (76) 681-684
Preliminary electron microprobe studies of B distribution in minerals have been carried out using MoB4C-layered synthetic crystals to improve analytical sensitivity for B. Any microprobe measurements of the B contents of minerals using this crystal must include analyses for Cl to assess and correct for the interference of Cl X-rays...
Weathering processes and the composition of inorganic material transported through the Orinoco River system, Venezuela and Colombia
R.F. Stallard, L. Koehnken, M. J. Johnsson
1991, Geoderma (51) 133-165
The composition of river-borne material in the Orinoco River system is related primarily to erosion regime, which in turn is related to tectonic setting; especially notable is the contrast between material derived from tectonically active mountain belts and that from stable cratonic regions. For a particular morpho-tectonic region, the compositional...
Seismic response of transamerica building. II. System identification
E. Safak, M. Çelebi
1991, Journal of Structural Engineering (117) 2405-2425
A detailed analysis of the recorded seismic response of the Transamerica Building during the October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake is presented. The system identification algorithm used for the analysis is based on the discrete-time linear filtering approach with least-squares approximation, and assumes a multi-input, single-output model for the building....
History of earthquakes and vertical ground movement in Campi Flegrei caldera, Southern Italy: comparison of precursory events to the A.D. 1538 eruption of Monte Nuovo and of activity since 1968
J.J. Dvorak, P. Gasparini
1991, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (48) 77-92
The record of felt earthquakes around Naples Bay in southern Italy is probably complete since the mid-15th century. According to this record, intense earthquake swarms originating beneath Campi Flegrei, an explosive caldera located along the north coast of Naples Bay, have occurred only twice: (1) before the only historical eruption...
Rock chemistry and fluid inclusion studies as exploration tools for ore deposits in the Sila batholith, southern Italy
B. de Vivo, R. A. Ayuso, H. E. Belkin, A. Lima, A. Messina, A. Viscardi
1991, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (40) 291-310
The Sila batholith is the focus of an extensive petrogenetic research program, which includes an assessment of its potential to host granite-related ore deposits. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were applied to major- and minor-element rock geochemical data. The analysis indicates...
Terraces on the Florida escarpment: Implications for erosional processes
D.C. Twichell, C. K. Paull, L.M. Parson
1991, Geology (19) 897-900
SeaBeam bathymetric data and GLORIA (Geologic LOng-Range Inclined Asdic) sidescan sonar images of a 175-km-long section of the Florida escarpment in the eastern Guff of Mexico show that this carbonate escarpment has been eroded since its initial formation, but its morphology suggests that erosional processes have not acted uniformly on...
Midwayan (Paleocene) pollen correlations in the eastern United States
N. O. Frederiksen
1991, Micropaleontology (37) 101-123
The Midwayan Stage of the eastern United States is divided into three new pollen zones, the Pseudoplicapollis serana, Tricolpites asper and Caryapollenites prodromus interval zones. Pollen data support the presence of an unconformity between the Rhems and Williamsburg Formations of South Carolina. The base of the Aquia Formation of Virginia...
Heart Mountain, Wyoming, detachment lineations: Are they in microbreccia or in volcanic tuff?
W. G. Pierce, W. H. Nelson, A.K. Tokarski, E. Piekarska
1991, Geological Society of America Bulletin (103) 1133-1145
The concept of tectonic denudation followed by deposition of lower middle Eocene Wapiti Formation volcanic rocks on the exposed Heart Mountain detachment has been challenged by Hauge. His "extending allochthon" interpretation requires that the Wapiti Formation be fault emplaced and that lineations in...
Comparison of tetrachloromethane sorption to an alkylammonium-clay and an alkyldiammonium-clay
J. A. Smith, P. R. Jaffe
1991, Environmental Science & Technology (25) 2054-2058
No abstract available....
Late Cretaceous paleomagnetism of the Tucson Mountains: Implications for vertical axis rotations in south central Arizona
J.T. Hagstrum, P. W. Lipman
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 16069-16081
The Tucson Mountains of southern Arizona are the site of an Upper Cretaceous caldera from which the rhyolitic Cat Mountain Tuff was erupted at about 72 Ma. Two magnetic units within the Cat Mountain Tuff are distinguished by paleomagnetic data in both the northern and...
Debris flows as geomorphic agents in the Huachuca Mountains of southeastern Arizona
E.E. Wohl, P.P. Pearthree
1991, Geomorphology (4) 273-292
Numerous debris flows occurred in the Huachuca Mountains of southeastern Arizona during the summer rainy season of 1988 in areas that were burned by a forest fire earlier in the summer. Debris flows occurred following a major forest fire in 1977 as...
Oligocene basaltic volcanism of the northern Rio Grande Rift: San Luis Hills, Colorado
R. A. Thompson, C.M. Johnson, H. H. Mehnert
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 13577-13592
The inception of the Rio Grande rift in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado was accompanied by voluminous mafic volcanism preserved in part as erosional remnants on an intrarift horst within the current axial rift graben of the San Luis Valley. Oligocene (∼26 Ma) volcanic...
Petrography of Permian “Gondwana” coals from boreholes in northwestern Bangladesh, based on semiautomated reflectance scanning
Neely Bostick, William J. Betterton, Harold J. Gluskoter, Islam M. Nazrul
1991, Organic Geochemistry (17) 399-413
Drilling through Quaternary alluvium and Tertiary cover at low-gravity anomalies in northwestern Bangladesh showed the presence of Permian sedimentary rocks in depressions that may be as much as a thousand meters deep in the crystalline basement. These Permian strata include low-sulfur, high-volatile bituminous coals in beds as thick as 15...
Comparison of Vibroseis and explosive source methods for deep crustal seismic reflection profiling in the Basin and Range province
T.M. Brocher, P. E. Hart
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 18197-18213
Direct comparison of low-fold, high-energy explosive and high-fold, lower-energy Vibroseis methods for acquiring deep crustal seismic reflection data in the Basin and Range Province suggests that the high-fold common midpoint (CMP) method there does not provide the best possible image of lower crustal structure. During...
Origin of late dolomite cement by CO2-saturated deep basin brines: evidence from the Ozark region, central United States
D. L. Leach, G.S. Plumlee, A. H. Hofstra, G. P. Landis, E. L. Rowan, J.G. Viets
1991, Geology (19) 348-351
Studies of fluid inclusions in regionally extensive late dolomite cement (LDC) throughout the Ozark region show that CO2 effervescence was widespread during dolomite precipitation. On the basis of quantitative analyses of inclusion fluids, reaction-path modeling shows that LDC with trace amounts of sulfides can...
Integrated exploration for low-temperature geothermal resources in the Honey Lake Basin, California
Ulrich Schimschal
1991, Geophysical Prospecting (39) 279-291
An integrated exploration study is presented to locate low-temperature geothermal reservoirs in the Honey Lake area of northern California. Regional studies to locate the geothermal resources included gravity, infra-red, water-temperature, and water-quality analyses. Five anomalies were mapped from resistivity surveys. Additional study of three anomalies by temperature-gradient and seismic methods...
Genesis and continuity of quaternary sand and gravel in glacigenic sediment at a proposed low-level radioactive waste disposal site in east-central Illinois
K. G. Troost, B. Brandon Curry
1991, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (18) 159-170
The Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety has characterized the Martinsville Alternative Site (MAS) for a proposed low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. The MAS is located in east-central Illinois approximately 1.6 km (1 mi) north of the city of Martinsville. Geologic investigation of the 5.5-km2 (1380-acre) site revealed a sequence of...
Analysis of borehole expansion and gallery tests in anisotropic rock masses
B. Amadei, W. Z. Savage
1991, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts (28) 383-396
Closed-form solutions are used to show how rock anisotropy affects the variation of the modulus of deformation around the walls of a hole in which expansion tests are conducted. These tests include dilatometer and NX-jack tests in boreholes and gallery tests in tunnels. The effects of rock anisotropy on the...
