The influence of social and endocrine factors on urine-marking by captive wolves (Canis lupus)
C. S. Asa, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal, E.D. Plotka
1990, Hormones and Behavior (24) 497-509
Although serum hormones varied seasonally in all adult animals, only dominant male and female wolves urine-marked. Serum testosterone and urine-marking rates, which increased during the fall/winter breeding season, were positively correlated in both male and female dominant wolves. Estradiol, which increased in conjunction with proestrus and estrus, was not correlated...
Toxicity of parathion to captive european starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) — Absence of seasonal effects
Barnett A. Rattner, C.E. Grue
1990, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (9) 1029-1033
The effects of season on the toxicity of the prototypic organophosphorus insecticide parathion was evaluated using adult European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) housed in outdoor pens. Groups of birds received oral doses of parathion in the fall, winter, spring and summer. Median lethal dosage, and brain and plasma cholinesterase inhibition, were found to...
Breeding bird census: 34. Isolated oak-tuliptree-pine upland forest
C.S. Robbins
1990, Journal of Field Ornithology (61) 50-51
Breeding biology of the spotted salamander Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw) in acidic temporary ponds at Cape Cod, USA
J. W. Portnoy
1990, Biological Conservation (53) 61-75
The relationship between water chemistry and breeding success of spotted salamanders Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw) was examined in temporary woodland ponds on outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts in 1985 and 1986. Most pond waters were dilute (3median coductivity = 57 umhos cm−1 (1 umhos cm−1 = 0·1 mSm−1)), acidic (median pH = 4·82), and highly colored...
A tracer study of sediment transport in the vicinity of a groin, New York, USA
D.J. Sherman, B.O. Bauer, K.F. Nordstrom, J.R. Allen
1990, Journal of Coastal Research (6) 427-438
Comparisons of patch-use models for wintering American tree sparrows
M.W. Tome
1990, The Auk (107) 210-211
Optimal foraging theory has stimulated numerous theoretical and empirical studies of foraging behavior for >20 years. These models provide a valuable tool for studying the foraging behavior of an organism. As with any other tool, the models are most effective when properly used. For example, to obtain a robust test...
Breeding bird census: 12. Isolated moist tuliptree-red maple upland forest
C.S. Robbins
1990, Journal of Field Ornithology (61) 35-36
Evaluation of three miniature radio transmitter attachment methods for small passerines
P.W. Sykes Jr., J. W. Carpenter, S. Holzman, P.H. Geissler
1990, Wildlife Society Bulletin (18) 41-48
Thirty-two immature common yellowthroats were used to evaluate three methods of attaching radio transmitters to the backs of small passerines: adhesive, velcro, and harness. There were no significant differences between the three methods; however, the adhesive method of transmitter attachment to small birds was found to be the...
Selenium in wetlands and waterfowl foods at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1984
Carol Schuler, Robert G. Anthony, Harry M. Ohlendorf
1990, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (19) 845-853
Kesterson Reservoir (Kesterson) received subsurface agricultural drainwater containing high levels of salts and selenium from farmland in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The accumulation of selenium in wetlands and waterfowl foods at Kesterson was investigated during May, August, and December of 1984. High concentrations of selenium were found in...
Foraging flights of the white-tailed tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus): Radiotracking and doubly-labelled water
C.J. Pennycuick, F.C. Shaffner, M.R. Fuller, H.H. Obrecht III, L. Sternberg
1990, Colonial Waterbirds (13) 96-102
Radiotracking transmitters were fitted to White-tailed Tropicbirds nesting at Culebra, Puerto Rico. Foragers were located by light aircraft out to 89 km SSW of the nesting colony, over a deep-water foraging area south of Vieques Island, Puerto Rico and west of St Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. Two birds were...
Notes on longevity and flightlessness in bristle-thighed curlews
J.S. Marks, R. L. Redmond, P. Hendricks, R. B. Clapp, Robert E. Gill Jr.
1990, The Auk (107) 779-781
Bristle-thighed Curlews (Numenius tahitiensis) are among the least-studied shorebirds in the world. They have a highly restricted breeding range in western Alaska and winter exclusively on remote islands in the central and south Pacific (AOU 1983, Kessel 1989). The status of these birds is not known, but they are...
Capture-recapture estimation of prebreeding survival rate for birds exhibiting delayed maturation
J.D. Nichols, J. A. Spendelow, J.E. Hines
1990, Journal of Field Ornithology (61) 347-354
Many species of seabirds exhibit delayed maturity and do not return to the natal colony to breed for several years after fledging. Capture-recapture studies are frequently conducted at such breeding colonies and often include marking of young birds. However, because of the absence of these birds from the...
Fat scoring: Sources of variability
D.G. Krementz, G.W. Pendleton
1990, Condor (92) 500-507
Fat scoring is a widely used nondestructive method of assessing total body fat in birds. This method has not been rigorously investigated. We investigated inter- and intraobserver variability in scoring as well as the predictive ability of fat scoring using five species of passerines. Between-observer variation in scoring was...
Hawaii's Seabird Islands, No. 3: Moku-Ho'Oniki and Kanaha Rock, Molokai
C. B. Kepler, A.K. Kepler, T.R. Simons, B. Hobdy, P.M. Simons
1990, 'Elepaio (50) 75-81
No abstract available....
Renesting by American woodcocks (Scolopax minor) in Maine
D.G. McAuley, J. R. Longcore, G.F. Sepik
1990, The Auk (107) 407-410
The American Woodcock (Scolopax minor) is one of the earliest ground-nesting birds in the northeastern United States. In Maine, nesting begins in early April when temperatures can drop below freezing and significant snowfall can accumulate. Nests are usually in open woods, where eggs are laid on the ground in...
Physiological monitoring of gray wolves (Canis lupus) by radiotelemetry
T.J. Kreeger, V.B. Kuechle, L.D. Mech, J.R. Tester, U.S. Seal
1990, Journal of Mammalogy (71) 258-261
No abstract available....
Ecology, behavior, and conservation of the Poo-uli (Melamprosops phaeosoma)
Stephen Mountainspring, T.L.C. Casey, C. B. Kepler, J. M. Scott
1990, The Wilson Bulletin (102) 109-122
Studies of the population density, habitat structure, foraging behavior, and activity budgets of the Poo-uli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) were conducted intermittently between 1973 and 1985 in a 50-ha study area in the upper Hanawi watershed, island of Maui, Hawaii. Poo-uli have apparently declined in density on this site by 80% from...
Possible use of wolf, Canis lupus, den over several centuries
L.D. Mech, J.M. Packard
1990, Canadian Field-Naturalist (104) 484-485
Radiocarbon dating of bones found at a wolf den on Ellesmere Island suggest it probably was used by wolves over 700 years ago....
Surveying woodland raptors by broadcast of conspecific vocalizations
J. A. Mosher, M.R. Fuller, M. Kopeny
1990, Journal of Field Ornithology (61) 453-461
We surveyed for raptors in forests on study areas in five of the eastern United States. For Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperi), Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus), and Barred Owls (Strix varia) the contact rates obtained by broadcasting taped vocalizations of conspecifics along roads were significantly greater than contact rates obtained by...
Effects of boron on growth and physiology in mallard ducklings
D. J. Hoffman, M.B. Camardese, L. J. LeCaptain, G.W. Pendleton
1990, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (9) 335-346
High concentrations of boron (B) have been associated with irrigation drainwater and aquatic plants consumed by waterfowl. Day-old mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings received an untreated diet (controls) or diets containing 100, 400 or 1,600 ppm B as boric acid. Survival, growth and food consumption were measured for 10 weeks. At...
Western grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis, wintering biology and contaminant accumulation in Commencement Bay, Puget Sound, Washington
Charles J. Henny, L. J. Blus, R. A. Grove
1990, Canadian Field-Naturalist (104) 460-472
Western Grebes wintering at the head of Commencement Bay (bordering the waterways) accumulated significant amounts of mercury, arsenic, DDE, PCBs, chlordanes, and perhaps cadmium and HCB between 17 October 1985 and 6 February 1986. No change in selenium or lead was detected, but copper declined significantly. Western Grebes were likely...
Comparison of breaking strength and shell thickness as evaluators of white-faced ibis eggshell quality
Charles J. Henny, J.K. Bennett
1990, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (9) 797-805
Data from a 1986 field study of white-faced ibis (Plegadis chihi) nesting at Carson Lake, Nevada, were used to compare the utility of eggshell strength measurement and eggshell thickness as indicators of eggshell quality. The ibis population had a history of reproductive failure correlated with elevated egg concentrations of p, p'-DDE,...
Home range and movements of postfledging American black ducks in eastern Maine
Catherine Frazer, J. R. Longcore, D.G. McAuley
1990, Canadian Journal of Zoology (68) 1288-1291
We monitored the movements of 97 female and 15 male juvenile American black ducks (Anas rubripes) in the vicinity of Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge in eastern Maine and southwestern New Brunswick from September through mid- December, 1985-1987.. Movements were described by estimating home ranges and radial movements from the primary...
Factors influencing bird foraging preferences among conspecific fruit trees
M.S. Foster
1990, Condor (92) 844-854
The rates at which birds visit fruiting individuals of Allophylus edulis (Sapindaceae) differ substantially among trees. Such avian feeding preferences are well-known, but usually involve fruits and trees of different species. Factors controlling avian preferences for particular trees in a population of conspecifics are generally undocumented. To address this issue,...
Adaptations to tidal marshes in breeding populations of the swamp sparrow
R. Greenberg, Sam Droege
1990, Condor (92) 393-404
The Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens) was originally described from a small number of specimens from the tidal marshes of the Nanticoke River in southeastern Maryland. Based on our quantitative analysis of a larger series of specimens, we found that Swamp Sparrows collected during the breeding season...
