The evolution of sex-change mechanisms in fishes
Robert M. Ross
1990, Environmental Biology of Fishes (29) 81-93
Five distinct sex-change mechanisms are identified among sequentially hermaphroditic fishes based on socio-ecological characteristics. The primary determinants of the sex-change mechanisms appear to be social organization and mating system, which in turn depend on resource distribution in space and time. The ability of a single individual to control all mating...
A multilayered sharp interface model of coupled freshwater and saltwater flow in coastal systems: Model development and application
Hedeff I. Essaid
1990, Water Resources Research (26) 1431-1454
A quasi three-dimensional, finite difference model, that simulates freshwater and saltwater flow separated by a sharp interface, has been developed to study layered coastal aquifer systems. The model allows for regional simulation of coastal groundwater conditions, including the effects of saltwater dynamics on the freshwater system. Vertically integrated freshwater and...
Effect of ten quaternary ammonium cations on tetrachloromethane sorption to clay from water
J. A. Smith
1990, Environmental Science & Technology (24) 1167-1172
The mineral surface of Wyoming bentonite (clay) was modified by replacing inorganic ions by each of 10 quaternary ammonium compounds, and tetrachloromethane sorption to the modified sorbents from water was studied. Tetrachloromethane sorption from solution to clay modified with tetramethyl-, tetraethyl-, benzyltrimethyl-, or benzyltriethylammonium cations generally is characterized by relatively...
Causes of mortality of albatross chicks at Midway Atoll
L. Sileo, P.R. Sievert, M.D. Samuel
1990, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (26) 329-338
As part of an investigation of the effect of plastic ingestion on seabirds in Hawaii, we necropsied the carcasses of 137 Laysan albatross (Diomedea immutabilis) chicks from Midway Atoll in the Pacific Ocean during the summer of 1987. Selected tissues were collected for microbiological, parasitological, toxicological or histopathological examinations. Dehydration...
Survival of Mallard broods in Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge in north central Montana
Dennis L Orthmeyer, I.J. Ball
1990, Journal of Wildlife Management (54) 62-66
We estimated duckling survival in broods of 31 radio-marked female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) on Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in northcentral Montana in 1985 and 1986. Overall survival for the 60-day prefledging period was 0.3951, and 87% of all duckling losses occurred within the first 18 days. Survival through...
Effects of tillage practices and carbofuran exposure on small mammals
Peter H. Albers, Greg L. Linder, James D. Nichols
1990, Journal of Wildlife Management (54) 135-142
We compared population estimates, body mass, movement, and blood chemistry of small mammals between conventionally tilled and no-till cornfields in Maryland and Pennsylvania to evaluate the effects of tillage practices and carbofuran exposure on small mammals. Estimates suggest that populations of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were not significantly related (P...
Adsorption of benzene, toluene, and xylene by two tetramethylammonium-smectites having different charge densities
Jiunn-Fwu Lee, Max M. Mortland, Cary T. Chiou, Daniel E. Kite, Stephen A. Boyd
1990, Clays and Clay Minerals (38) 113-120
A high-charge smectite from Arizona [cation-exchange capacity (CEC) = 120 meq/100 g] and a low-charge smectite from Wyoming (CEC = 90 meq/100 g) were used to prepare homoionic tetramethylammonium (TMA)-clay complexes. The adsorption of benzene, toluene, and o-xylene as vapors by the dry TMA-clays and as solutes from water by...
Hillslope erosion at the Maxey Flats radioactive waste disposal site, northeastern Kentucky
W. P. Carey, M. A. Lyverse, C.R. Hupp
1990, Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4199
No abstract available....
Three-dimensional P and S velocity structure in the Coalinga Region, California
D. Eberhart-Phillips
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 15343-15363
The Coalinga earthquake sequence of 1983 provided a unique opportunity to perform a three-dimensional velocity and hypocenter inversion in an area of complex three-dimensional structure dominated by folding and blind thrusts. Additionally, since other varied geological and geophysical studies have been completed in this area, the three-dimensional inversion solution could...
Seismic-wave attenuation associated with crustal faults in the New Madrid seismic zone
R. M. Hamilton, Walter D. Mooney
1990, Science (248) 351-354
The attenuation of upper crustal seismic waves that are refracted with a velocity of about 6 kilometers per second varies greatly among profiles in the area of the New Madrid seismic zone in the central Mississippi Valley. The waves that have the strongest attenuation pass through the seismic trend along...
Distribution of annual fishes (Pisces-Rivulidae) in the Rio Unare basin, Venezuela
J.E. Thomerson, D.C. Taphorn, L.G. Nico
1990, BioLlania (7) 33-38
Abstract not supplied at this time...
Producing ducks using wire and electricity
J. T. Lokemoen
1990, South Carolina Waterfowl and Wetlands (4) 8-9
Abstract has not been submitted...
Tracking wildlife by satellite: Current systems and performance
Richard B. Harris, Steven G. Fancy, David C. Douglas, Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Thomas R. McCabe, Larry F. Pank
1990, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 30
Since 1984, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has used the Argos Data Collection and Location System (DCLS) and Tiros-N series satellites to monitor movements and activities of 10 species of large mammals in Alaska and the Rocky Mountain region. Reliability of the entire system was generally high. Data were...
An expert system for prediction of aquatic toxicity of contaminants
James P. Hickey, Andrew J. Aldridge, Dora R. May Passino, Anthony M. Frank
Judith M. Hushon, editor(s)
1990, Book chapter, Expert systems for environmental applications
The National Fisheries Research Center-Great Lakes has developed an interactive computer program in muLISP that runs on an IBM-compatible microcomputer and uses a linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) to predict acute toxicity to four representative aquatic species from the detailed structure of an organic molecule. Using the SMILES formalism for...
Preliminary geologic [map] and section of part of the Canador Peak 15' quadrangle, Grant and Hidalgo Counties, New Mexico
David Carl Hedlund, Tommy L. Finnell
1990, Open-File Report 90-505
No abstract available....
Conditioning of sandhill cranes during fall migration
Gary L. Krapu, Douglas H. Johnson
1990, Journal of Wildlife Management (54) 234-238
Body mass of adult female and male sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) increased an average of 17 and 20%, respectively, from early September to late October on staging areas in central North Dakota and varied by year. Increases in body mass averaged 550 and 681 g among female and male G....
Effects of visiting black brant nests on egg and nest survival
James S. Sedinger
1990, Journal of Wildlife Management (54) 437-443
I used 2 methods to evaluate the effect of visiting black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) nests on survival of whole nests and eggs in a single colony on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. The first technique regressed survival of nests or eggs during a time interval against interval length. Departure of...
Mass-marking of otoliths of lake trout sac fry by temperature manipulation
R.A. Bergstedt, R.L. Eshenroder, C. Bowen, J.G. Seelye, J.C. Locke
N. C. Parker, A.E. Giorgi, R.C. Heidenger, D. B. Jester Jr., E.D. Prince, G.A. Winans, editor(s)
1990, Book chapter, Fish-marking techniques
The otoliths of 676,000 sac fry of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in 1986, and of 1,100,000 in 1987, were marked by daily manipulation of water temperature. The fish were stocked into Lake Huron in the spring. Otolith marks consisted of groups of daily growth rings accentuated into recognizable patterns...
Assessing the visual quality of small islands and shoals in the Thousand Islands Region
M. G. Knutson, D.J. Leopold, R.C. Smardon
J. Kusler, R. Smardon, editor(s)
1990, Book chapter, Wetlands of the Great Lakes: protection and restoration policies; status of the science
Abstract not submitted to date...
Florida manatees: distribution, geographically referenced data sets, and ecological and behavioral aspects of habitat use
T. J. O'Shea, H. I. Kochman
1990, Florida Marine Research Publications (49) 1-57
Abstract not supplied at this time...
Thermal infrared exploration in the Carlin trend, northern Nevada
K. Watson, F.A. Kruse, S. Hummer-Miller
1990, Geophysics (55) 70-79
Experimental Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) aircraft data have been acquired for the Rodeo Creek NE 7 1/2 minute quadrangle, Eureka County, northern Nevada, covering the Carlin gold mine. A simple model has been developed to extract spectral emissivities for mapping surface lithology and alteration based on the physical properties...
Pleistocene stratigraphy of the Boston Harbor drumlins, Massachusetts
W.A. Newman, R. C. Berg, P.S. Rosen, H.D. Glass
1990, Quaternary Research (34) 148-159
Evidence from the Boston Harbor drumlins indicates that two superposed tills were deposited during glacier advances which were separated by a long nonglacial interval. At Long and Peddocks Islands, argillans and truncated clay-filled fractures, along with discontinuities in clay-mineral composition, define the till contacts. Physical indicators separating the tills are...
Natural sources of greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide emissions from volcanoes
Terrence Gerlach
1990, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Volcanic degassing of carbon dioxide plays an important role in keeping the atmosphere-ocean portion of the carbon geochemical cycle in balance. The atmosphere-ocean carbon deficit requires replenishment of 6??1012 mol CO2/yr, and places an upper limit on the output of carbon dioxide from volcanoes. The CO2 output of the global...
Faults of the central part of the Lewis and Clark line and fragmentation of the Late Cretaceous foreland basin in west-central Montana
C. A. Wallace, D. J. Lidke, R. G. Schmidt
1990, Geological Society of America Bulletin (102) 1021-1037
The Lewis and Clark line is a prominent zone of strike-slip, dip-slip, and oblique-slip faults that extends from near Wallace, Idaho, to east of Helena, Montana. Faults of this zone have been intermittently active from Middle Proterozoic to Holocene time, and because of numerous tectonic overprints, controversy continues about displacement...
Fractal characterization of fracture surfaces in concrete
V. E. Saouma, Christopher C. Barton, N. A. Gamaleldin
1990, Engineering Fracture Mechanics (35) 47-53
Fractal geometry is used to characterize the roughness of cracked concrete surfaces through a specially built profilometer, and the fractal dimension is subsequently correlated to the fracture toughness and direction of crack propagation. Preliminary results indicate that the fracture surface is indeed fractal over two orders of magnitudes with a...
