Measuring the size of an earthquake
W. Spence, S.A. Sipkin, G. L. Choy
1989, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (21) 58-63
Earthquakes range broadly in size. A rock-burst in an Idaho silver mine may involve the fracture of 1 meter of rock; the 1965 Rat Island earthquake in the Aleutian arc involved a 650-kilometer length of the Earth's crust. Earthquakes can be even smaller and even larger. If an earthquake is...
River Valley pluton, Ontario: A late-Archean/early-Proterozoic anorthositic intrusion in the Grenville Province
L.D. Ashwal, J. L. Wooden
1989, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (53) 633-641
The River Valley pluton is a ca. 100 km2 body of anorthositic and gabbroic rocks located about 50 km northeast of Sudbury, Ontario. The pluton is situated entirely within the Grenville Province, but its western margin is a series of imbricate thrust faults associated with the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone. It is...
Evaluating the intensity of United States earthquakes
C. W. Stover
1989, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (21) 45-53
Earthquakes, September-October 1988
W. J. Person
1989, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (21) 85-88
There were no major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) during this reporting period. Earthquake-related deaths were reported from Czechoslovakia and injuries were reported from Algeria and Greece. In the United States a sharp earthquake occurred in eastern Kentucky, causing some minro damage. ...
Recruitment failure in American avocets and black-necked stilts nesting at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1984-1985
M.L. Williams, R. L. Hothem, H. M. Ohlendorf
1989, Condor (91) 797-802
We evaluated recruitment by American Avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and Black-necked Stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in 1984 and 1985 at the selenium-contaminated Kesterson Reservoir and at a nearby reference site, the Volta Wildlife Area, both in western Merced County, California. Nests were monitored to determine their outcomes, including hatching success, and...
Gas phase axial dispersion in a packed column oxygen absorber
Barnaby J. Watten, Claude E. Boyd
1989, Aquacultural Engineering (8) 421-434
Gas phase axial dispersion was characterized within an enclosed packed column receiving oxygen and water under counter-current flow conditions. Steady-state gas phase profiles (longitudinal) were measured during a series of 90 column runs in which, at each of three bed depths (0·362, 0·699, and 1·041 m), all combinations of the...
Prescribed burning guidelines in the Northern Great Plains
Kenneth F. Higgins, James L. Piehl, Arnold D. Kruse
1989, Report
The use of fire to manage grasslands for wildlife is a relatively new management option for resource managers in the Northern Great Plains (NGP). Nearly all of the burning during the past 20-25 years has been conducted without the aid of specific guidelines for the region. This state-of-the-art set of...
A comparison of instrumental dewatering methods for the separation and concentration of suspended sediment for subsequent trace element analysis
A. J. Horowitz, K. A. Elrick, R.C. Hooper
1989, Hydrological Processes (3) 163-184
A comparison involving both field and laboratory trials was performed to evaluate the utility of two continuous-flow centrifuges and a tangential-flow filtration system for dewatering suspended sediments for subsequent trace element analysis. Although recovery efficiencies for the various devices differ, the analytical results from the...
Strong correlation of major earthquakes with solid-earth tides in part of the eastern United States
R.E. Weems, W.H. Perry Jr.
1989, Geology (17) 661-664
East of the eastern American continental divide and south of fat 42.5°N, moderate to large historic earthquakes correlate strongly with times of high and low solid-earth tides. This effect is most pronounced when solar declination lies between 17°N and 17°S. Significant correlations also...
Modern sedimentary environments in a large tidal estuary, Delaware Bay
H.J. Knebel
1989, Marine Geology (86) 119-136
Data from an extensive grid of sidescan-sonar records reveal the distribution of sedimentary environments in the large, tidally dominated Delaware Bay estuary. Bathymetric features of the estuary include large tidal channels under the relatively deep (> 10 m water depth) central...
The separation of the Hartland Formation and Ravenswood Granodiorite from the Fordham Gneiss at Cameron's Line in the New York City area
C.A. Baskerville, D.G. Mose
1989, Northeastern Geology (11) 22-28
Recent study of the rocks in City Water Tunnel Number 3 between Roosevelt Island and beneath 34th Street and the 63rd Street subway-rail tunnels at 41st Avenue in Long Island City, as well as study of drill core from other sites in western Queens, establishes that this area of New...
Annotated bibliography of fire literature relative to northern grasslands in south-central Canada and north-central United States
Kenneth F. Higgins, David P. Fellows, J. Mike Callow, Arnold D. Kruse, James L. Piehl
1989, Circular 762
Natural resource managers have greatly increased the use of fire to manage grassland habitats during the past two decades in the northern Great Plains region of the United States and Canada. In support of these efforts, we have compiled this annotated bibliography to provide a condensed reference of fire literature...
Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of seabirds at Cape Thompson, Alaska: Final report
Brian S. Fadely, John F. Piatt, Scott A. Hatch, David G. Roseneau
1989, Report
Investigations of seabird population sizes and breeding biology were conducted at Cape Thompson from 1959 to 1961 during pre-development studies associated with the Atomic through 1982, the Alaskan Program (OCSEAP) supported determine whether changes Energy Commission’s “Project Chariot.” From 1976 Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment efforts to recensus seabirds at...
Solubility of jarosite solid solutions precipitated from acid mine waters, Iron Mountain, California
Charles N. Alpers, D. Kirk Nordstrom, J.W. Ball
1989, Science Geological Bulletin (42) 281-298
Because of the common occurrence of 15 to 25 mole percent hydronium substitution on the alkali site in jarosites, it is necessary to consider the hydronium content of jarosites in any attempt at rigorous evaluation of jarosite solubility or of the saturation state of natural waters with respect to jarosite....
Chemistry and origin of minor and trace elements in vitrinite concentrates from a rank series from the eastern United States, England, and Australia
P.C. Lyons, C.A. Palmer, N. H. Bostick, J.D. Fletcher, F.T. Dulong, F. W. Brown, Z. A. Brown, M.R. Krasnow, L.A. Romankiw
1989, International Journal of Coal Geology (13) 481-527
A rank series consisting of twelve vitrinite concentrates and companion whole-coal samples from mined coal beds in the eastern United States, England, and Australia were analyzed for C, H, N, O, ash, and 47 trace and minor elements by standard elemental,...
The structure of subtidal currents within and around Lydonia Canyon: Evidence for enhanced cross-shelf fluctuations over the mouth of the canyon
M. Noble, B. Butman
1989, Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans (94) 8091-8110
Between October 1980 and April 1981, currents were measured within Lydonia Canyon and on the adjacent shelf and slope. The amplitude of the subtidal currents over the shelf and slope ranged between 10 and 30 cm s−1, but within the canyon, they were typically smaller than 5 cm s−1. The...
Investigations of SPOT cartographic applications in the U.S. Geological Survey
June M. Thormodsgard, Glen G. Kelly, Jeffrey D. Spooner
1989, CISM Journal ACSGC (43) 145-149
The US Geological Survey has a longstanding commitment to the advancement of the technology and applications of remotely sensed data from civilian satellite systems. In the past, research based on satellite data was primarily directed toward natural resource and land use applications rather than cartographic applications. The availability of high-resolution,...
A direct correlation among indoor Rn, soil gas Rn and geology in the Reading Prong near Boyertown, Pennsylvania
G.M. Reimer, L.C.S. Gundersen
1989, Health Physics (57) 155-160
We feel that this study suggests a relationship among geology, soil gas Rn and the potential for indoor Rn accumulation in this portion of the Reading Prong. There are deviations from a perfect correlation but these are related to inhomogeneities in the geologic environment and perhaps variations in construction techniques...
Multiobjective sampling design for parameter estimation and model discrimination in groundwater solute transport
Debra S. Knopman, Clifford I. Voss
1989, Water Resources Research (25) 2245-2258
Sampling design for site characterization studies of solute transport in porous media is formulated as a multiobjective problem. Optimal design of a sampling network is a sequential process in which the next phase of sampling is designed on the basis of all available physical knowledge of the system. Three objectives...
Estimating constituent loads
Timothy A. Cohn, Lewis L. DeLong, Edward J. Gilroy, Robert M. Hirsch, Deborah K. Wells
1989, Water Resources Research (25) 937-942
Several recent articles have called attention to the problem of retransformation bias, which can arise when log linear regression models are used to estimate sediment or other constituent loads. In some cases the bias can lead to underestimation of constituent loads by as much as 50%, and several procedures have...
Mid-Cretaceous alluvial-plain incision related to eustasy, southeastern Colorado Plateau
W. M. Aubrey
1989, Geological Society of America Bulletin (101) 443-449
Eustatic effects on the deposition of ancient coastal and marine rocks are well known, but eustasy also can affect depositional patterns and processes well inland from the sea and play an important role in the development of nonmarine unconformities. In the southeastern part of the Colorado Plateau, fluvial rocks of...
Comparison of seismic waveform inversion results for the rupture history of a finite fault: Application to the 1986 North Palm Springs, California, earthquake
S. Hartzell
1989, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (94) 7515-7534
The July 8, 1986, North Palm Springs earthquake is used as a basis for comparison of several different approaches to the solution for the rupture history of a finite fault. The inversion of different waveform data is considered; both teleseismic P waveforms and local strong ground motion records. Linear parametrizations for slip...
Turbidity-current channels in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska
P.R. Carlson, R.D. Powell, D.M. Rearic
1989, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (26) 807-820
Queen Inlet is unique among Glacier Bay fjords because it alone has a branching channel system incised in the Holocene sediment fill of the fjord floor. Bathymetry and seismic-reflection profiles show that four channels begin on, or at the base of, the delta front of this marine-outwash fjord. By midpoint...
Bedrock geology and tectonic evolution of the Wrangellia, Peninsular, and Chugach terranes along the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect in the Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River Basin, Alaska
George Plafker, W. J. Nokleberg, J. S. Lull
1989, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (94) 4255-4295
The Trans-Alaskan Crustal Transect in the southern Copper River Basin and Chugach Mountains traverses the margins of the Peninsular and Wrangellia terranes, and the adjacent accretionary oceanic units of the Chugach terrane to the south. The southern Wrangellia terrane margin consists of a polymetamorphosed magmatic arc complex at least in...
An empirical Bayes approach to analyzing recurring animal surveys
Douglas H. Johnson
1989, Ecology (70) 945-952
Recurring estimates of the size of animal populations are often required by biologists of wildlife managers. Because of cost or other constraints, estimates frequently lack the accuracy desired but cannot readily be improved by additional sampling. This report proposes a statistical method employing empirical Bayes (EB) estimators as alternatives to...
