Short-term trends in sulfate deposition at selected bulk precipitation stations in New York
R.M. Hirsch, N.E. Peters
1988, Atmospheric Environment (22) 1175-1178
Trends in rainfall-adjusted sulfate concentration were assessed for 5-yr subrecords of the 14.5–17 yr of monthly bulk-deposition data from five stations in New York by using the seasonal Kendall test. For the 5-yr subrecord from 1978 to 1982, the trends for the bulk deposition were similar to those for weekly...
Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic compositions of a suite of Late Archean, igneous rocks, eastern Beartooth Mountains: Implications for crust-mantle evolution
J. L. Wooden, P.A. Mueller
1988, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (87) 59-72
A series of compositionally diverse, Late Archean rocks (2.74–2.79 Ga old) from the eastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, U.S.A., have the same initial Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios. Lead and Sr initial ratios are higher and Nd initial ratios...
Processes affecting the distribution of selenium in shallow groundwater of agricultural areas, western San Joaquin Valley, California
S. J. Deverel, Roger Fujii
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 516-524
A study was undertaken to evaluate the processes affecting the chemistry of shallow groundwater associated with agricultural drainage systems in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. The study was prompted by a need for an understanding of selenium mobility in areas having high selenium concentrations in shallow groundwater. Groundwater samples...
Air encapsulation during infiltration
Jim Constantz, W.N. Herkelrath, F. Murphy
1988, Soil Science Society of America Journal (52) 10-16
A series of field and laboratory experiments were performed to measure the effects of air encapsulation within the soil's transmission zone upon several infiltration properties. In the field, infiltration rates were measured using a double-cap infiltrometer (DCI), and soil-water contents were measured using time-domain reflectometry (TDR). Before half of the...
Distribution, variability, and impacts of trace elements in San Francisco Bay
Samuel N. Luoma, D.J.H. Phillips
1988, Marine Pollution Bulletin (19) 413-425
No abstract available....
An economic and geographic appraisal of a spatial natural hazard risk: a study of landslide mitigation rules
R. L. Bernknopf, D.S. Brookshire, R. H. Campbell, C.D. Shapiro
1988, Environment and Planning A (20) 621-631
Efficient mitigation of natural hazards requires a spatial representation of the risk, based upon the geographic distribution of physical parameters and man-related development activities. Through such a representation, the spatial probability of landslides based upon physical science concepts is estimated for Cincinnati, Ohio. Mitigation programs designed to reduce loss from...
Conductive heat flux in VC-1 and the thermal regime of Valles caldera, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico
J.H. Sass, P. Morgan
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 6027-6039
Over 5% of heat in the western United States is lost through Quaternary silicic volcanic centers, including the Valles caldera in north central New Mexico. These centers are the sites of major hydrothermal activity and upper crustal metamorphism, metasomatism, and mineralization, producing associated geothermal resources. We present new heat flow...
Using laser micro mass spectrometry with the LAMMA-1000 instrument for monitoring relative elemental concentrations in vitrinite
J.J. Morelli, D.M. Hercules, P.C. Lyons, C.A. Palmer, J.D. Fletcher
1988, Mikrochimica Acta (96) 105-118
The variation in relative elemental concentrations among a series of coal macerals belonging to the vitrinite maceral group was determined using laser micro mass spectrometry (LAMMS). Variations in Ba, Cr, Ga, Sr, Ti, and V concentrations among the coals were determined using the LAMM A-1000 instrument. LAMMS analysis is not...
Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California
C. Sanders, P. Ho-Liu, D. Rinn, Kanamori Hiroo
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 3321-3338
We use seismograms of local earthquakes to image relative shear wave attenuation structure in the shallow crust beneath the region containing the Coso volcanic-geothermal area of eastern California. SV and P wave amplitudes were measured from vertical component seismograms of earthquakes that occurred in the Cososouthem Sierra Nevada region from July 1983 to August...
Analytical approach to calculation of response spectra from seismological models of ground motion
Erdal Safak
1988, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics (16) 121-134
An analytical approach to calculate response spectra from seismological models of ground motion is presented. Seismological models have three major advantages over empirical models: (1) they help in an understanding of the physics of earthquake mechanisms, (2) they can be used to predict ground motions for future earthquakes and (3)...
Gravity-induced stresses in stratified rock masses
B. Amadei, H.S. Swolfs, W. Z. Savage
1988, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (21) 1-20
This paper presents closed-form solutions for the stress field induced by gravity in anisotropic and stratified rock masses. These rocks are assumed to be laterally restrained. The rock mass consists of finite mechanical units, each unit being modeled as a homogeneous, transversely isotropic or isotropic linearly elastic material. The following...
Thermochronology of economic mineral deposits: Dating the stages of mineralization at Panasqueira, Portugal, by high-precision 40Ar/ 39Ar age spectrum techniques on muscovite
L.W. Snee, J. F. Sutter, W.C. Kelly
1988, Economic Geology (83) 335-354
40 Ar/ 39 Ar age spectrum dates for 13 muscovites have been used to reconstruct the thermal history (thermochronology) of the Panasqueira, Portugal, tin-tungsten deposit, a deposit spatially associated with a belt of Hercynian plutons. Muscovite samples with an age difference as small as 2.2 m.y. (0.7% of the age) are statistically distinct....
Mechanistic characterization of chloride interferences in electrothermal atomization systems
J.M. Shekiro Jr., R.K. Skogerboe, Howard E. Taylor
1988, Analytical Chemistry (60) 2578-2582
A computer-controlled spectrometer with a photodiode array detector has been used for wavelength and temperature resolved characterization of the vapor produced by an electrothermal atomizer. The system has been used to study the chloride matrix interference on the atomic absorption spectrometric determination of manganese and copper. The suppression of manganese...
Tectonic significance of dikes of Westerly Granite, southeastern Connecticut and southwestern Rhode Island
R. Goldsmith
1988, Northeastern Geology (10) 195-201
Undeformed Early Permian Westerly Granite dikes cut gneisses of the southeastern New England Avalon zone along coastal southeastern Connecticut and adjacent Rhode Island. Most dikes dip southward at a low angle. The Westerly dikes were emplaced in relatively warm rock penecontemporaneously with the Narragansett Pier Granite during a narrow time...
Gold and other metals in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) as an exploration tool, Gold Run District, Humboldt County, Nevada
J. A. Erdman, T. M. Cookro, R. M. O’Leary, T. F. Harms
1988, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (30) 287-308
Big sagebrush — a cold-desert species that dominates the terrain over large parts of western United States — was sampled along several traverses that crossed thermally metamorphosed limestone, phyllitic shale, and schist of the Middle and Upper Cambrian Preble Formation that...
The global distribution, abundance, and stability of SO2 on Io
A. S. McEwen, T. V. Johnson, D. L. Matson, L.A. Soderblom
1988, Icarus (75) 450-478
Sulfur dioxide distribution and abundances, bolometric hemispheric albedos, and passive surface temperatures on Io are modeled and mapped globally from Voyager multispectral mosaics, Earth-based spectra, and photometric descriptions. Photometric models indicate global average values for regolith porosity of 75-95% and macroscopic roughness with a mean slope angle of ~30??. Abundances...
Determining the distribution of hydraulic conductivity in a fractured limestone aquifer by simultaneous injection and geophysical logging
Roger H. Morin, A.E. Hess, Frederick L. Paillet
1988, Ground Water (26) 587-595
A field technique for assessing the vertical distribution of hydraulic conductivity in an aquifer was applied to a fractured carbonate formation in southeastern Nevada. The technique combines the simultaneous use of fluid injection and geophysical logging to measure in situ vertical distributions of fluid velocity and hydraulic head down the...
The growth of geological structures by repeated earthquakes: 2, Field examples of continental dip-slip faults
R.S. Stein, G.C.P. King, J. B. Rundle
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 13319-13331
A strong test of our understanding of the earthquake cycle is the ability to reproduce extant fault-bounded geological structures, such as basins and ranges, which are built by repeated cycles of deformation. Along strike-slip faults, the coseismic and interseismic deformation can be nearly equal in magnitude and opposite in sign,...
Crustal structure of east central Oregon: Relation between Newberry Volcano and regional crustal structure
R. D. Catchings, Walter D. Mooney
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research (93) 10081-10094
A 180-km-long seismic refraction transect from the eastern High Cascades, across Newberry Volcano, to the eastern High Lava Plains is used to investigate the subvolcanic crustal and upper mantle velocity structure there. Near-surface volcanic flows and sedimentary debris (1.6-4.7 km/s), ranging from 3 to 5 km in thickness, overlie subvolcanic...
Vapor-dominated zones within hydrothermal systems: Evolution and natural state
S. E. Ingebritsen, M.L. Sorey
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 13635-13655
Three conceptual models illustrate the range of hydrothermal systems in which vapor-dominated conditions are found. The first model (model I) represents a system with an extensive near-vaporstatic vapor-dominated zone and limited liquid throughflow and is analogous to systems such as The Geysers, California. Such systems can evolve within low-permeability barriers...
Sorption of vapors of some organic liquids on soil humic acid and its relation to partitioning of organic compounds in soil organic matter
G.T. Chlou, D. E. Kile, Ronald L. Malcolm
1988, Environmental Science & Technology (22) 298-303
Vapor sorption of water, ethanol, benzene, hexane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,2-dibromoethane on (Sanhedron) soil humic acid has been determined at room temperature. Isotherms for all organic liquids are highly linear over a wide range of relative pressure, characteristic of the partitioning (dissolution) of the organic compounds in...
Coastal geomorphology of arctic Alaska
Peter W. Barnes, Stuart E. Rawlinson, Erk Reimnitz
1988, Technical Council on Cold Regions Engineering Monograph 3-30
The treeless, tundra-plain of northern Alaska merges with the Arctic Ocean along a coastal area characterized by low tundra bluffs, and sparse coastal and delta dunes. Coastal engineering projects that aggrade or degrade permafrost will alter the geomorphology and rates of coastal processes by changing coastal stability. Similarly, projects that...
Preliminary observations of streamflow generation during storms in a forested Piedmont watershed using temperature as a tracer
J. B. Shanley, N.E. Peters
1988, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (3) 349-365
Variations in streamwater temperature at the outlet of a 41-ha forested watershed at Panola Mountain in the Georgia Piedmont indicate that the initial rapid hydrologic response is caused by a combination of groundwater discharge and channel interception of rainwater. A storm in May 1986 caused a rapid increase in discharge...
Geochemistry of some gases in hydrothermal fluids from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge
William C. Evans, L. D. White, J. B. Rapp
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 15305-15313
Five samples of hydrothermal fluids from two vent areas on the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge were analyzed for dissolved gases. Concentrations in the end-member hydrothermal fluid of H2 (270–527 μmol/kg), CH4 (82–118 μmol/kg), and CO2 (3920–4460 μmol/kg) are well above values in ambient seawater and are similar to concentrations reported for other...
Stable isotope geochemistry of sphalerite and other mineral matter in coal beds of the Illinois and Forest City basins
J. F. Whelan, J.C. Cobb, R. O. Rye
1988, Economic Geology (83) 990-1007
Cleat and clastic dikes of Middle Pennsylvanian-age coal beds of the Illinois and Forest City basins of Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas locally contain appreciable amounts of sphalerite within a kaolinite-pyrite-sphalerite (+ or - pyrite)-calcite paragenetic sequence. The sphalerite and associated minerals are of interest as a partial record of...
