Stratigraphy and magnetic polarity of the high terrace remnants in the upper Ohio and Monongahela Rivers in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Ohio
R. B. Jacobson, D. P. Elston, John W. Heaton
1988, Quaternary Research (29) 216-232
A synthesis of previous work and new data on the stratigraphy of high terraces of the Ohio and Monongahela Rivers upstream from Parkersburg, West Virginia, indicates a correspondence between terrace histories in the ancient Teays and Pittsburgh drainage basins. Four terraces are identified in each. Sediments of the lower three...
The role of mantle CO2 in volcanism
I. Barnes, William C. Evans, L. D. White
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 281-285
Carbon dioxide is the propellant gas in volcanic eruptions and is also found in mantle xenoliths. It is speculated that CO2 occurs as a free gas phase in the mantle because there is no reason to expect CO2 to be so universally associated with volcanic rocks unless the CO2 comes...
Downslope Eulerian mean flow associated with high-frequency current fluctuations observed on the outer continental shelf and upper slope along the northeastern United States continental margin: Implications for sediment transport
B. Butman
1988, Continental Shelf Research (8) 811-840
Eulerian current measurements made 5-7 m above bottom at six stations along the United States east coast continental margin show a net downslope flow of 1-5 cm s-1. Although the scalar current speed decreases with water depth and toward the bottom, fluctuations in the cross-isobath flow were stronger and increasingly...
General two‐point method for Determining velocity in open channel
John F. Walker
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 801-805
The generally accepted procedure is to average velocity measurements at 0. 2D and 0. 8D, measured vertically from the water surface,or alternatively to measure velocity at a position equal to 0. 6D, where D is the total depth of flow. In some situations, one may wish to measure at depths...
Bacterial ethane formation from reduced, ethylated sulfur compounds in anoxic sediments
R.S. Oremland, Michael J. Whiticar, F.E. Strohmaier, R.P. Kiene
1988, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (52) 1895-1904
Trace levels of ethane were produced biologically in anoxic sediment slurries from five chemically different aquatic environments. Gases from these locations displayed biogenic characteristics, having 12C-enriched values of δ13CH4 (−62 to −86%.), δ13C2H6 (−35 to −55%.) and high ratios (720 to 140,000) of CH4[C2H6+ C3H8]">CH4[C2H6+ C3H8]. Endogenous...
Geochemistry of groundwater in tertiary and cretaceous sediments of the southeastern Coastal Plain in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina
Roger W. Lee, Donald J. Strickland
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 291-303
Geochemical samples of groundwater taken along hydrologic flow paths in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina, from noncalcareous sand aquifers, largely of Cretaceous age, are dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions. Calcareous sand aquifers, largely of Tertiary age, contain water whose chemistry is dominated by calcium and bicarbonate...
Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site
J. F. Elder, P.V. Dresler
1988, Environmental Pollution (49) 117-132
Long-term accumulation of creosote wastes at a wood-preserving facility near Pensacola, Florida, has produced high levels of organic contamination of groundwaters near Pensacola Bay. Impacts of this contamination on the nearshore environment of the bay were examined by analysis of water, sediment and tissues of two mollusc species. One of...
A finite element model for tides and currents with field applications
Roy A. Walters
1988, Communications in Applied Numerical Methods (4) 401-411
A finite element model, based upon the shallow water equations, is used to calculate tidal amplitudes and currents for two field-scale test problems. Because tides are characterized by line spectra, the governing equations are subjected to harmonic decomposition. Thus the solution variables are the real and imaginary parts of the...
The surface integral approach to Radarclinometry
R.L. Wildey
1988, Earth, Moon and Planets (41) 141-153
Because radarclinometry is fundamentally describable in terms of a nonlinear, first-order, partial differential equation, one expects that it can, in principle, be carried out by direct deterministic integration beginning at a given threshold profile along the azimuthal coordinate. Such a boundary condition could be provided by the altimetry profile obtained...
Rare earth elements in the phosphatic-enriched sediment of the Peru shelf
D.Z. Piper, P. A. Baedecker, J.G. Crock, W. C. Burnett, B.J. Loebner
1988, Marine Geology (80) 269-285
Apatite-enriched materials from the Peru shelf have been analyzed for their major oxide and rare earth element (REE) concentrations. The samples consist of (1) the fine fraction of sediment, mostly clay material, (2) phosphatic pellets and fish debris, which are dispersed throughout the fine-grained sediment, (3) tabular-shaped phosphatic crusts, which...
Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation
Chintu Lai
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 1074-1097
The use of the specified time interval (STI) numerical schemes has been popular in applying the method of characteristics (MOC) to unsteady open‐channel flow problems. Studies and analyses of several variants of the STI schemes have led to the derivation of a new scheme, referred to herein as the multimode...
Late Wisconsinan-Holocene paleogeography of Delaware Bay; a large coastal plain estuary
H.J. Knebel, C.H. Fletcher III, J.C. Kraft
1988, Marine Geology (83) 115-133
Analyses of an extensive grid of seismic reflection profiles along with previously published core data and modern sedimentary environment information from surrounding coastal areas permit an outline of the paleogeography of the large Delaware Bay estuary during the last transgression of sea level. During late Wisconsinan times, the Delaware River...
Experimental oxygen isotope fractionation between siderite-water and phosphoric acid liberated CO2-siderite
W.W. Carothers, L.H. Adami, R.J. Rosenbauer
1988, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (52) 2445-2450
The equilibrium fractionation of O isotopes between synthetic siderite and water has been measured at temperatures ranging from 33° to 197°C. The fractionation between siderite and water over this temperature range can be represented by the equation: 103 ln α = 3.13 × 106T−2 −...
On-line estimation of nonlinear physical systems
G. Christakos
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 111-133
Recursive algorithms for estimating states of nonlinear physical systems are presented. Orthogonality properties are rediscovered and the associated polynomials are used to linearize state and observation models of the underlying random processes. This requires some key hypotheses regarding the structure of these processes, which may then take account of a...
Generation of pyroclastic flows and surges by hot-rock avalanches from the dome of Mount St. Helens volcano, USA
R.A. Mellors, R. B. Waitt, D. A. Swanson
1988, Bulletin of Volcanology (50) 14-25
Several hot-rock avalanches have occurred during the growth of the composite dome of Mount St. Helens, Washington between 1980 and 1987. One of these occurred on 9 May 1986 and produced a fan-shaped avalanche deposit of juvenile dacite debris together with a more extensive pyroclastic-flow deposit. Laterally thinning deposits and...
Hydrologic Unit Map – 1988, states of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1988, Hydrologic Unit 21
No abstract available....
On the edge - on the Platte
E.M. Kirsch
1988, Nebraskaland (66) 36-42
Abstract has not been submitted...
Fuelwood production and use in rural Swaziland: a case-study of two communities
J. A. Allen, D.P. Pimentel, J.P. Lasoie
1988, Forest Ecology and Management (25) 239-254
Information of fuelwood consumption and the local production of wood was collected in two small rural communities in Swaziland. Fuelwood consumption was estimated to be 0.77 t persona??1 yeara??1 in one community (Sigombeni), and 0.63 t persona??1 in the other (Bhekinkhosi). Bhekinkhosi was found to be experiencing a significant fuelwood...
Residues of benzocaine in rainbow trout, largemouth bass, and fish meal
J. L. Allen
1988, Progressive Fish-Culturist (50) 59-60
Residues of the anesthetic benzocaine in muscle tissue of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were determined after exposure of the fish to 50 mg benzocaine/L for 15 min and withdrawal times of 0–24 h. The mean concentration of benzocaine residues in fish sampled immediately after exposure...
Motor-operated valve for fish culturists
J. T. Fuss
1988, Progressive Fish-Culturist (50) 121-124
Many fish culture systems require motoroperated valves to regulate water flow. The expense of commercial units can be prohibitive but, by using inexpensive components and a little assembly time, a manual valve can be motorized for a fraction of the cost....
Habitat islands and the equilibrium theory of island biogeography: testing some predictions
M. Brown, J.J. Dinsmore
1988, Oecologia (75) 426-429
Species-area data from a study of marsh birds are used to test five predictions generated by the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. Three predictions are supported: we found a significant species-area relationship, a non-zero level of turnover, and a variance-mean ratio of 0.5. One prediction is rejected: the extinction rates...
Avian morbidity and mortality from botulism, aspergillosis, and salmonellosis at Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, New York, USA
C. J. Brand, R. M. Windingstad, Lynne M. Siegfried, R. M. Duncan, R.M. Cook
1988, Colonial Waterbirds (11) 284-292
During the summers of 1981 and 1982, studies were conducted at Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, Long Island, New York, to determine whether annual water-level drawdowns used to create shorebird habitat also led to the occurrence of avian botulism (Clostridium botulinum type C). Low levels of morbidity and mortality from avian...
Environmental impacts and regulatory policy. Implications of spray disposal of dredged material in Louisiana wetlands
Donald R. Cahoon, J.H. Cowan Jr.
1988, Coastal Management (16) 341-362
The capabilities of a new wetland dredging technology were assessed along with associated newly developed state and federal regulatory policies to determine if policy expectations realistically match the technological achievement. Current regulatory practices require amelioration of spoil bank impacts upon abandonment of an oil/gas well, but this may not occur...
Post-epizootic surveys of waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis)
C. J. Brand, D. E. Docherty
1988, Avian Diseases (32) 722-730
Surviving birds from nine duck plague outbreaks in urban and confined waterfowl were sampled for duck plague (DP) virus and DP antibody during 1979-86. Duck plague virus was found in combined oral and cloacal swabs of birds from three outbreaks, and DP-neutralizing antibody was demonstrated in some birds from all...
A survey of the prevalence of selected bacteria in wild birds
M.C. Brittingham, S.A. Temple, R. M. Duncan
1988, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (24) 299-307
We determined the prevalence of six genera of bacteria from a sample of 387 cloacal swabs from 364 passerines and woodpeckers. The prevalence of bacteria were as follows: Escherichia coli (1%), Pseudomonas spp. (22%), Salmonella spp. (0%), Staphylococcus spp. (15%), Streptococcus spp. (18%), and Yersinia spp. (1%). The prevalence of Streptococcus spp. was higher in omnivorous species...
