Magmatic inclusions in rhyolites, contaminated basalts, and compositional zonation beneath the Coso volcanic field, California
C. R. Bacon, J. Metz
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (85) 346-365
Basaltic lava flows and high-silica rhyolite domes form the Pleistocene part of the Coso volcanic field in southeastern California. The distribution of vents maps the areal zonation inferred for the upper parts of the Coso magmatic system. Subalkalic basalts (<50% SiO2) were erupted well away from the rhyolite field...
Analysis of trace metals in water by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry using sodium dibenzyldithiocarbamate for preconcentration
C. L. Smith, Jerry M. Motooka, W. R. Willson
1984, Analytical Letters (17) 1715-1730
Since concentrations of trace elements in most natural waters seldom exceed the μg/L level, analysis of trace elements in natural waters by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP) requires a preconcentration procedure. The elements Ag, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, W, and Zn were separated...
Evolution of the yardangs at Rogers Lake, California
A. W. Ward, R. Greeley
1984, Geological Society of America Bulletin (95) 829-837
Yardangs are streamlined, wind-eroded hills common to most deserts. Yardangs at Rogers Lake, Mojave Desert, California, have streamlined forms characteristic of objects eroded by moving fluids, a teardrop shape that approaches an ideal 1:4 width-to-length ratio. In wind-tunnel simulations, miniature forms of various...
Carbon and its isotopes in mid-oceanic basaltic glasses
D.J. Des Marais, J.G. Moore
1984, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (69) 43-57
Three carbon components are evident in eleven analyzed mid-oceanic basalts: carbon on sample surfaces (resembling adsorbed gases, organic matter, or other non-magmatic carbon species acquired by the glasses subsequent to their eruption), mantle carbon dioxide in vesicles, and mantle carbon dissolved...
Dietary changes and poor reproductive performance in Glaucous-winged Gulls
Edward C. Murphy, Robert H. Day, Karen L. Oakley, A. Anne Hoover
1984, The Auk (101) 532-541
The breeding phenology of Glaucous-winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) on Squab Island, Aialik Bay, Alaska in 1979 was identical to that in 1980, but clutch sizes and later reproductive performance differed markedly. In 1979, clutch sizes were small, but chick growth rates and survivorship were high. In contrast, clutch sizes were...
Sampling design optimization for spatial functions
Ricardo A. Olea
1984, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (16) 369-392
A new procedure is presented for minimizing the sampling requirements necessary to estimate a mappable spatial function at a specified level of accuracy. The technique is based on universal kriging, an estimation method within the theory of regionalized variables. Neither actual implementation of the sampling nor universal kriging estimations are...
Water use in the United States, 1980
Wayne Solley
1984, Report
The San Andreas Fault
Sandra S. Schulz, Robert E. Wallace
1984, Report
NONFUEL MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE PACIFIC EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE.
David Clague, James Bischoff, David Howell
1984, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The Pacific Exclusive Economic Zone contains a variety of hard mineral resources. Sand and gravel and their associated placer deposits of heavy minerals are the most likely to be developed in the near future, but offshore and deep water deposits of phosphorite, abyssal manganese nodules, ferromanganese crusts enriched in cobalt,...
Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport
Kenneth E. Bencala
1984, Water Resources Research (20) 1804-1814
Solute transport in streams is determined by the interaction of physical and chemical processes. Data from an injection experiment for chloride and several cations indicate significant influence of solutestreambed processes on transport in a mountain stream. These data are interpreted in terms of transient storage processes for all tracers and...
Effect of censoring trace-level water-quality data on trend-detection capability
R. J. Gilliom, R.M. Hirsch, E.J. Gilroy
1984, Environmental Science & Technology (18) 530-535
Monte Carlo experiments were used to evaluate whether trace-level water-quality data that are routinely censored (not reported) contain valuable information for trend detection. Measurements are commonly censored if they fall below a level associated with some minimum acceptable level of reliability (detection limit). Trace-level organic data were simulated with best-...
Insights on why graphic correlation (Shaw's method) works
Lucy E. Edwards
1984, Journal of Geology (92) 583-597
In 1964 A. B. Shaw presented a method of correlating fossiliferous sedimentary rocks based on interpretation of graphic plots of first- and last-occurrences of taxa. Because there is no way to determine the true total ranges of fossil taxa, it is instructive to test the accuracy of the method using...
Geophysical methods as mapping tools in a strata-bound gold deposit: Haile mine, South Carolina slate belt
J. C. Wynn, R.W. Luce
1984, Economic Geology (79) 382-388
Very low frequency electromagnetic, magnetic, and induced polarization methods. The very low frequency electromagnetic resistivity data show high resistivity zones that correlate with siliceous units known to host the gold. The magnetic data clearly identify the mafic and ultramafic dikes which cut metasediments and also fill faults that offset them....
Reflectance spectroscopy: Quantitative analysis techniques for remote sensing applications
Roger N. Clark, T. L. Roush
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research (89) 6329-6340
Several methods for the analysis of remotely sensed reflectance data are compared, including empirical methods and scattering theories, both of which are important for solving remote sensing problems. The concept of the photon mean optical path length and the implications for use in modeling reflectance spectra are presented. It is...
THERMAL-INERTIA MAPPING IN VEGETATED TERRAIN FROM HEAT CAPACITY MAPPING MISSION SATELLITE DATA.
Ken Watson, Susanne Hummer-Miller
1984, Conference Paper
Thermal-inertia data, derived from the Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM) satellite, were analyzed in areas of varying amounts of vegetation cover. Thermal differences which appear to correlate with lithologic differences have been observed previously in areas of substantial vegetation cover. However, the energy exchange occurring within the canopy is much...
Hydrology of area 56, Northern Great Plains, and Rocky Mountain Coal Provinces, Utah
Gregory C. Lines
1984, Open-File Report 83-38
No abstract available....
Crassulacean acid metabolism in submerged aquatic plants
Jon E. Keeley
C. Sybesme, editor(s)
1984, Book chapter, Advances in Photosynthesis Research: Proceedings of the VIth International Congress on Photosynthesis (Volume IV)
CO2-fixation in the dark is known to occur in various organs of many plants. However, only in species possessing crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) does dark CO2-fixation contribute substantially to the carbon economy of the plant. Until very recently CAM was known only from terrestrial...
Regional variations in the fluvial Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian(?) Kanayut Conglomerate, Brooks Range, Alaska
Thomas E. Moore, T. H. Nilsen
1984, Sedimentary Geology (38) 465-497
The wholly allochthonous Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian(?) Kanayut Conglomerate is one of the most extensive fluvial deposits in North America. It crops out for 950 km along the crest of the Brooks Range in a series of thrust plates and is as thick as 2615 m. The Kanayut forms...
Statistical summaries of streamflow data in Oregon; Volume 2, western Oregon
John Friday, S. J. Miller
1984, Open-File Report 84-454-A
No abstract available....
Intrinsic oxygen fugacity measurements on seven chondrites, a pallasite, and a tektite and the redox state of meteorite parent bodies
R. Brett, M. Sato
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 111-120
Intrinsic oxygen-fugacity (fO2) measurements were made on five ordinary chondrites, a carbonaceous chondrite, an enstatite chondrite, a pallasite, and a tektite. Results are of the form of linear log fO2−1T">fO2−1T plots. Except for the enstatite chondrite, measured results agree well with calculated estimates by others.The tektite...
Statistical summaries of streamflow data in Oregon; Volume 1, eastern Oregon
John Friday, S. J. Miller
1984, Open-File Report 84-454
Statistical summaries of streamflow data at 335 streamgaging sites are presented in this two volume report to aid in appraising the hydrology of river basins in Oregon. Records for 31 gaging stations were compiled into separate periods owing to changes in regulation during the period of data collection. The periods...
DEFINITION FOR TALC.
Malcolm Ross
Levadie Benjamin, editor(s)
1984, Conference Paper, ASTM Special Technical Publication
Talc is a naturally occurring single-phase mineral having the approximate chemical formula Mg//3Si//4O//1//0(OH)//2 and a specific type of crystal structure. Talc commonly forms by hydrothermal alteration of rocks rich in magnesium and iron (ultramafic rocks) and by low-grade thermal metamorphism of siliceous dolomites. The fact that talc often occurs in...
Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate hydrate from California.
Richard C. Erd, Y. Ohashi
1984, American Mineralogist (69) 200-206
Santaclaraite, ideally CaMn4(Si5O14(OH))(OH).H2O, occurs as pink and tan veins and masses in Franciscan chert in the Diablo Range, Santa Clara and Stanislaus counties, California. It is associated with four unidentified Mn silicates, Mn-howieite, quartz, braunite, calcite, rhodochrosite, kutnahorite, baryte, harmotome, chalcopyrite and native copper. Santaclaraite is triclinic, space group B1,...
Radioactive disequilibria in mineralised fracture samples from two uranium occurrences in northern Sweden
John A.T. Smellie, J.N. Rosholt
1984, LITHOS (17) 215-225
Mineralised fractures from two uranium occurrences in northern Sweden were examined mineralogically and isotopically to establish the presence or absence of radioactive equilibrium that may indicate recent rock-water interaction processes based on the natural mobility of uranium (i.e.; during the last 0.5 Ma). The results show evidence of radioactive disequilibrium...
Geochronological and isotopic evidence for early Proterozoic crust in the eastern Arabian Shield
J. S. Stacey, C. E. Hedge
1984, Geology (12) 310-313
We report zircon U-Pb, feldspar common Pb, whole-rock Sm-Nd, and Rb-Sr data from sample Z-103, a fine-grained granodiorite from the Jabal Khida region of the Saudi Arabian Shield (lat 21°19′N; long 44°50′W). The measurements yield conclusive evidence for continental crust of early Proterozoic...
