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A survey of the 16 southern states showed that 48 tailwaters in 13 states were stocked with trout in 1980. Of the almost 3.7 million trout released in these waters, 81% were of catchable size and 19% were fingerlings (< 150mm). Tailwaters received 32% of all trout stocked in the...

Various aspects of the breeding biology of Laughing Gulls (Larus atricilla) have been studied extensively in Florida (Dinsmore and Schreiber 1974, Schreiber et al. 1979, Schreiber and Schreiber 1980), New Jersey (Bongiorno 1970, Burger and Beer 1976, Burger 1976, Montevecchi 1978), and Massachusetts (Noble and Wurm 1943), but little is...

Studies of stream and sediment-pore waters largely explain the genesis of concretionary Mn-Fe-oxides in Maine. Waters of two small streams near Jackman, Maine, were studied in terms of pH, Eh, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved Mn, total dissolved Fe, and ferrous and ferric Fe. Pyrite Creek has profuse concretions...

Because California is seismically active, planners and decisionmakers must try to anticipate earthquake hazards there and, where possible, to reduce the hazards. Geologic and seismologic information provides the basis for the necessary plans and actions. Two examples of how such information is used are presented. The first involves assessing the...

There is growing documentation that a significant portion of the Nation's fresh ground water in the densely populated areas of the USA is contaminated. Because of the slow rates of ground-water movement, ground water once contaminated will remain so for decades, often longer. Cleanup of contaminated ground water is almost...

Two contrasting models of the earthquake deformation cycle on strike slip faults predict significant temporal declines in shear strain rate near the fault, accompanied by a progressive broadening of the zone of deformation adjacent to it. In the thin lithosphere model, transient deformation results from flow in the asthenosphere due...

Under present climatic conditions streams and lakes on Mars will freeze. Freezing is slow and would have a negligible effect in impeding flow of the large floods that are believed to have eroded the outflow channels. Valley networks are more difficult...

The U.S. Government annually produces an estimated 53,000 new maps and charts and distributes about 160 million copies. A large number of these maps are produced under the national mapping program, a decentralized Federal/State cooperative approach to mapping the country at standard scales. Circular A-16, issued by the Office of...

A volcanic-ash sample obtained after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, was analyzed for cyclic terpenoid organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-computer techniques. Various tricyclic diterpenoid acids and hydrocarbons were identified including dehydroabietic acid, dehydroabietin, dehydroabietane, simonellite, and retene. Preliminary evidence indicates that...

The inseparable roles of remote sensing and photogrammetry have been recognized to be consistent with the aims and interests of the American Society of Photogrammetry. In particular, spatial data storage, data merging and manipulation methods and other techniques originally developed for remote sensing applications also have applications for digital cartography....

Two rapid methods for the decomposition and chemical analysis of clays were adapted for use with 20–40-mg size samples, typical amounts of ultrafine products (≤0.5-µm diameter) obtained by modern separation methods for clay minerals. The results of these methods were compared with those of “classical” rock analyses. The two methods...

176Hf/177Hf ratios are presented for oceanic volcanics representing both extremes of the range of mantle HfNdSr isotopic variation. Hf from critical mid-ocean ridgebasalts shows that 176Hf/177Hf does indeed have a greater variability than 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr in the depleted mantle. This extra variation is essentially of a random nature, and...

Representative spectra from three plant species were used to interpret the color components on a color ratio composite image. Most of the vegetation unit coincided with an altered rock unit, but many altered areas were not within the vegetation unit....

The regional distribution patterns for 20 critical metals derived by an areal-pattern recognition technique leads me to conclude that metals are regularly distributed preferentially in the accreted and cratonic terranes studied in and surrounding the state of Oregon in the northwestern United States. The distribution patterns along distinctively different zones...

Igneous rocks commonly have large magnetic susceptibilities so that high topographic relief in crystalline terrane can produce significant anomalies in aeromagnetic surveys. Topographic anomalies are particularly significant in relatively undeformed volcanic terrane because young volcanic rocks generally have large natural remanent magnetizations as well as large susceptibilities. These anomalies commonly...

The Eastern Devonian shales are represented by a sequence of sediments extending from New York state, south to the northern regions of Georgia and Alabama, and west into Ohio and to the Michigan and Ilinois Basins. Correlatives are known in Texas. The shale is regionally known by a number of...

The longitudinal component of the velocity of a particle at or near a glacier surface is considered, its position as a function of time being termed its trajectory. Functional relationships are derived for obtaining the trajectory from the spatial distribution of velocity and for obtaining the velocity...

Tectonism in SW Wyoming and adjoining areas, and fluctuations of sea level in the central USA during the mid-Cretaceous are represented by the regional stratigraphy of the Frontier Formation. The Frontier consists mainly of clastic rocks that were deposited in marine and nonmarine environments during latest Albian, Cenomanian, Turonian, and...

As Cain (1979) indicated might happen in the last IUGG quadrennial report, added resources were made available during the past few years and a real impulse was added to the geomagnetic work in the US by the launching of the MAGSAT Satellite. This new effort paid off in terms of...

Modern computer technology offers cartographers the potential for transition from conventional film-oriented methods to digital techniques as the way of mapping in the future. Traditional methods utilizing silver halide aerial and lithographic films for storage are time proven, and film is a very high density archival storage media. In view...

Most workers agree that Proterozoic anorthosite massifs represent the crystallization products of mantle-derived magmas1,2, although the composition of the parental melts is a major unsolved petrological problem 3. As mantle-derived rocks, the massifs can be used as geochemical probes of their late Precambrian upper mantle sources. We report here Nd...

A procedure has been developed using low temperature ashing, followed by size and sink-float separation of the ash, X-ray diffraction analysis, and instrumental neutron activation analysis to give both qualitative and quantitative information for major, minor and trace minerals and their associated trace elements in coal....

Four bedform provinces have been identified using sidescan-sonar and echo-sounding techniques: large sand waves superimposed on sand ridges, small sand waves, megaripples, and featureless seafloor. Sand-wave asymmetry and surface-sediment texture have been used to infer bedload transport paths and although the asymmetry of megaripples could not be determined, the occurrence...

Studies of the development and stabilization of the Archaean crust often focus on the relative temporal relationships between the metamorphosed basaltic to ultramafic volcanic units (greenstone belts) and the sialic gneiss terrains that make up the oldest sections of the terrestrial crust. At the heart of this interest are the...

In the Lassen vapor-dominated geothermal system, surface manifestations of thermal fluids at high elevations (1800-2500 m) include superheated and drowned fumaroles, steam-heated acid-sulfate hot springs, and low-chloride bicarbonate springs. Neutral high-chloride hot water discharges at lower elevations. Deuterium and oxygen-18 data establish genetic connections between these fluids and with local...