Channel systems and lobe construction in the Mississippi Fan
L. E. Garrison, Neil H. Kenyon, A.H. Bouma
1982, Geo-Marine Letters (2) 31-39
Morphological features on the Mississippi Fan in the eastern Gulf of Mexico were mapped using GLORIA II, a long-range side-scan sonar system. Prominent is a sinuous channel flanked by well-developed levees and occasional crevasse splays. The channel follows the axis and thickest part of the youngest fan lobe; seismic-reflection profiles...
Erosional channels on the shoreface of Nauset Beach, Cape Cod, Massachusetts
S. W. Needell, William P. Dillon, H.J. Knebel
1982, Geo-Marine Letters (2) 61-64
Many channels (1 to 3 m relief)_are located offshore of Nauset Beach, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in water 4 to 18 m deep. The channels are oblique to the shoreline, are spaced approximately 260 m apart, and deepen seaward. The southern flank of each channel is rippled whereas the northern flank...
Distribution and status of Vicia menziesii Spreng. (Leguminosae): Hawai'i's first officially listed endangered plant species
F. R. Warshauer, J.D. Jacobi
1982, Biological Conservation (23) 111-126
Vicia menziesii Spreng., Hawai'i's first officially listed endangered plant species, formerly occurred across a large area in the upper montane-mesic forest habitat on the windward side of the island of Hawai'i. Until this species was ‘rediscovered’ in 1974, it had last been seen in 1915, and it was presumed to...
Diazinon residues in insects from sprayed tobacco
K. L. Stromborg, W. N. Beyer, E. Kolbe
1982, Chemistry in Ecology (1) 93-97
Pooled samples of tobacco hornworms collected from a field sprayed with 0.84 kg/ha of diazinon were analyzed for residues at various intervals after application. No residues of the toxic metabolite diazoxon were detected (sensitivity 0.5 ppm) in any sample. Only one sample exceeded 1.0 ppm of the parent...
Optimal stochastic control in natural resource management: Framework and examples
B. Kenneth Williams
1982, Ecological Modelling (16) 275-297
A framework is presented for the application of optimal control methods to natural resource problems. An expression of the optimal control problem appropriate for renewable natural resources is given and its application to Markovian systems is presented in some detail. Three general approaches are outlined for determining optimal...
Nesting ecology of roseate spoonbills at Nueces Bay, Texas
Donald H. White, Christine A. Mitchell, E. Cromartie
1982, The Auk (99) 275-284
<span data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"We conducted a study in 1978-1980 of the nesting ecology of Roseate Spoonbills (Ajaia ajaja) in a relatively polluted environment at Nueces Bay, Texas. For 154 marked nests, the average clutch size was 3.0 eggs; 73% of the eggs hatched, and 87% of the nests were successful (hatched...
Small mammal-heavy metal concentrations from mined and control sites
G. J. Smith, O.J. Rongstad
1982, Environmental Pollution (Series A) (28) 121-134
Total body concentrations of zinc, copper, cadmium, lead, nickel, mercury and arsenic were determined for Peromyscus maniculatus and Microtus pennsylvanicus from an active zinc-copper mine near Timmins, Ontario, Canada, and a proposed zinc-copper mine near Crandon, Wisconsin, USA. Metal concentrations were evaluated with respect to area, species, sex and...
Seasonal carcass composition and energy balance of female black ducks in Maine
K. J. Reinecke, T.L. Stone, Ray B. Owen
1982, Condor (84) 420-426
Female Black Ducks (Anas rubripes) collected in Maine during the summer, fall, and winter of 1974-1976 showed significant seasonal variation in body weight, nonfat dry weight, gizzard and pectoral muscle weight, and fat, moisture, and protein content. Variation of body weight within and among seasons was correlated more strongly...
Breeding habitat selection and home range of radio-marked black ducks (Anas rubripes) in Maine
J.K. Ringelman, J. R. Longcore, R.B. Owen Jr.
1982, Canadian Journal of Zoology (60) 241-248
Telemetry techniques were used to monitor the movements and habitat use of 13 female and 7 male black ducks (Anas rubripes) in an inland breeding region of south central Maine in 1977–1980. Black ducks preferred persistent emergent, broad-leaved deciduous forested, and broad-leaved deciduous scrub–shrub wetlands over unconsolidated organic bottom, needle-leaved...
Nest and brood attentiveness in female black ducks
J.K. Ringelman, J. R. Longcore, R.B. Owen Jr.
1982, Condor (84) 110-116
Incubation rhythms and brood attentiveness of radio-marked Black Ducks (Anas rubripes) were studied in southcentral Maine during 1977-1980. Recess duration and frequency differed between three females nesting near wetlands (x = 82 min, 2.3 recesses/day) and two nesting at upland sites(x = 183 min, I. I recesses/day), but...
The influence of diet composition upon growth and development of Sandhill Cranes
John A. Serafin
1982, Condor (84) 427-434
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of protein, metabolizable energy, and sulfur amino acid content of five diets upon growth and development of captive Florida Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis pratensis) and Greater Sandhill Crane (G. c. tabida) chicks raised under controlled conditions. A high protein (32%) diet resulted...
A field evaluation of frogs as a potential source of secondary organophosphorus insecticide poisoning
G.V.N. Powell, L.R. DeWeese, T. G. Lamont
1982, Canadian Journal of Zoology (60) 2233-2235
Because amphibians are relatively resistant to organophosphorus insecticides and can bioaccumulate residues to high levels, they may be a source of secondary poisoning for vertebrates that feed on them. This hypothesis was tested by determining residues in breeding upland chorus frogs Pseudacris triseriata, that were collected from ponds treated...
Diagnosis of anticholinesterase poisoning in birds: Effects of environmental temperature and underfeeding on cholinesterase activity
Barnett A. Rattner
1982, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (1) 329-335
Brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been used extensively to monitor exposure to organophosphorus (OP) and carbamate (CB) insecticides in wild birds. A series of factorial experiments was conducted to assess the extent to which noncontaminant-related environmental conditions might affect brain ChE activity and thereby confound the diagnosis of OP and...
Social organization in a nesting population of eastern willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus)
M.A. Howe
1982, The Auk (99) 88-102
The breeding ecology of eastern Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) was studied over a 3-yr period in a salt marsh on the Atlantic coast of Virginia. During the study, 171 adults were color-marked. Willets are strictly monogamous and show strong site and mate fidelity from year to year. Normally a pair bond...
Shotshell and shooter effectiveness: Lead vs. steel shot for duck hunting
D.D. Humburg, S.L. Sheriff, P.H. Geissler, T. Roster
1982, Wildlife Society Bulletin (10) 121-126
Shooter and shotshell effectiveness were tested during the 1979 waterfowl season at the Schell-Osage Wildlife Management Area (WMA), Missouri. Hunters who participated in the study bagged 1,967 ducks with 10,587 shots. No significant differences in bagging, crippling, or missing rates were measured among 4 Winchester 12 gauge loads: #4 buffered...
Food habits of diving ducks in the Carolinas
Matthew C. Perry, F.M. Uhler
1982, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (36) 492-504
Food habits analyses were conducted on 264 diving ducks (7 species) from North and South Carolina during the 1970'S. The Baltic clam (Macoma balthica) was the predominant food among canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) from the Pamlico River area, whereas sago pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus) predominated in birds from impoundments in North...
A rapid field techniques for preparing ant chromosomes for karyotypic analysis
Patricia Mehlhop, A. L. Gardner
1982, Stain Technology (57) 99-101
This technique for chromosomal preparation of ant tissues for karyotypic analysis is advantageous under field conditions because it reduces processing time and can be used under humid conditions. The cerebral ganglia from prepupae or early pupae are incubated 20 minutes in a hypotonic citrate solution, minced in a fixative solution...
Capturing birds with mist nets: A review
B.E. Keyes, C.E. Grue
1982, North American Bird Bander (7) 2-14
Herein we have tried to provide a comprehensive review of mist-netting techniques suitable for both novice and experienced netters. General mist-netting procedures and modifications developed by netters for particular bird species and habitats are included. Factors which influence capture success, including site selection, net specifications and placement, weather, and time...
Embryotoxic and biochemical effects of waste crankcase oil on birds' eggs
D. J. Hoffman, W. C. Eastin Jr., M. L. Gay
1982, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (63) 230-241
Waste crankcase oil (WCO) is a major source of oil pollution in both the aquatic and terrestrial environment and has been implicated in the poisoning of mammals and fish. It is also mutagenic. Since birds' eggs are highly sensitive to external microliter applications of environmentally polluting oils, we examined the...
Study of aggregative behavior of Rhinophrynus dorsalis tadpoles: design and analysis
M.S. Foster, R.W. McDiarmid
1982, Herpetologica (38) 395-404
We conducted experiments using the apparatus and design followed by Wassersug and Hessler (1971) and Wassersug (1973) to test the aggregative behavior of tadpoles of Rhinophrynus dorsalis in response to visual and olfactory stimuli. Results neither supported nor refuted the hypothesis that either stimulus is used as a mechanism...
Responses of the iguanid lizard Anolis carolinensis to four organophosphorus pesticides
R.J. Hall, D. R. Clark Jr.
1982, Environmental Pollution (Series A) (28) 45-52
Dose related mortality and cholinesterase effects of parathion, methyl parathion, azinphos-methyl and malathion on Anolis carolinensis were investigated. The comparative effects of the four compounds on fish, birds and mammals are well known, but the effects of organophosphates on reptiles have not been studied critically. Sensitivity and patterns of mortality from exposure...
Techniques for trapping, aging, and banding wintering canvasbacks
G.M. Haramis, E.L. Derleth, D.G. McAuley
1982, Journal of Field Ornithology (53) 342-351
Techniques used to trap, band, and determine age of Canvasbacks during winter on Chesapeake Bay are presented. Canvasbacks were captured with welded-wire traps baited with corn. Two trap designs were used and traps and trapping techniques are described. Ducks were dipnetted from traps and held in modified poultry crates...
Fall and winter homesite use by wolves in northeastern Minnesota
F.H. Harrington, L.D. Mech
1982, Canadian Field-Naturalist (96) 79-84
Post-abandonment homesite use by wolves (Canis lupus) was studied by radio-tracking and simulated howling in two packs in Superior National Forest, Minnesota. Pups, yearlings, and adults returned intermittently to former homesites up to four months after abandonment, usually after prolonged separation from the pack in early fall. Returns...
Anarbylus switaki Murphy: An addition to the herpetofauna of the United States with comments on relationships with Coleonyx
T. H. Fritts, H.L. Snell, R.L. Martin
1982, Journal of Herpetology (16) 39-52
Anarbys switaki, a species previously known only from Baja California Sur, Mexico, occurs in eastern San Diego and southwestern Imperial Counties in California. In California, specimens tend to have continuous transverse bars on the body, are lighter in color, and more slender in body form than in southern Baja California....
Organochlorine residues in bats after a forest spraying with DDT
Charles J. Henny, Chris Maser, John O. Whitaker Jr., T. Earl Kaiser
1982, Northwest Science (56) 329-337
Background levels of DDT and its metabolites (ZDDT) were extremely low or not detected in five species of forest-dwelling bats in northeastern Oregon, i.e., areas not sprayed with DDT in 1974. Other organochlorine pesticides were rarely found and no polychlotinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected at any time during the study....
