Systematic characterization of morphotectonic variability along the Cascadia convergent margin: Implications for shallow megathrust behavior and tsunami hazards
Janet Watt, Daniel S. Brothers
2021, Geosphere (17) 95-117
Studies of recent destructive megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis along subduction margins in Japan, Sumatra, and Chile have linked forearc morphology and structure to megathrust behavior. This connection is based on the idea that spatial variations in the frictional behavior of the megathrust influence the tectono-morphological evolution of the upper plate....
Suspended-sediment Flux in the San Francisco Estuary; Part II: the Impact of the 2013–2016 California Drought and Controls on Sediment Flux
Daniel N. Livsey, Maureen A. Downing-Kunz, David H. Schoellhamer, Andrew J. Manning
2021, Estuaries and Coasts (44) 972-990
Recent modeling has demonstrated that sediment supply is one of the primary environmental variables that will determine the sustainability of San Francisco Estuary tidal marshes over the next century as sea level rises. Therefore, understanding the environmental controls on sediment flux within the San Francisco Estuary...
Comparison of machine learning approaches used to identify the drivers of Bakken oil well productivity
Emil D. Attanasi, Philip A. Freeman, Timothy Coburn
2021, Statistical Analysis and Data Mining (14) 536-555
Geologists and petroleum engineers have struggled to identify the mechanisms that drive productivity in horizontal hydraulically fractured oil wells. The machine learning algorithms of Random Forest (RF), gradient boosting trees (GBT) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were applied to a dataset containing 7311 horizontal hydraulically fractured...
Terrestrial ecological risk analysis via dietary exposure at uranium mine sites in the Grand Canyon watershed (Arizona, USA)
Jo Ellen Hinck, Danielle M. Cleveland, Bradley E. Sample
2021, Chemosphere (265)
The U.S. Department of the Interior recently included uranium (U) on a list of mineral commodities that are considered critical to economic and national security. The uses of U for commercial and residential energy production, defense applications, medical device technologies, and...
Increased burning in a warming climate reduces carbon uptake in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem despite productivity gains
Paul D. Henne, Todd Hawbaker, Robert M. Scheller, Feng S Zhao, Hong S He, Wenru Xu, Zhiliang Zhu
2021, Journal of Ecology (109) 1148-1169
1. The effects of changing climate and disturbance on mountain forest carbon stocks vary with tree species distributions and over elevational gradients. Warming can increase carbon uptake by stimulating productivity at high elevations but also enhance carbon release by increasing respiration and the frequency, intensity, and size of wildfires.2. To...
It’s complicated…environmental DNA as a predictor of trout and char abundance in streams
Adam Sepulveda, Robert Al-Chokhachy, Matthew Laramie, Kyle Crapster, Ladd Knotek, Brian T. Miller, Alexander V. Zale, David Pilliod
2021, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (78) 422-432
The potential to provide inferences about fish abundance from environmental (e)DNA samples has generated great interest. However, the accuracy of these abundance estimates is often low and variable across species and space. A plausible refinement is the use of common aquatic habitat monitoring data to account for attributes that influence...
Small atoll fresh groundwater lenses respond to a combination of natural climatic cycles and human modified geology
Martin A. Briggs, J Cantelon, B. Kurylyk, Justin T. Kulongoski, Audrey Mills, John W. Lane Jr.
2021, Science of the Total Environment (756)
Freshwater lenses underlying small ocean islands exhibit spatial variability and temporal fluctuations in volume, influencing ecologic management. For example, The Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge harbors one of the few surviving native stands of Pisonia grandis in the central Pacific Ocean, yet these trees face pressure from groundwater salinization, with little basic...
Retrospective analysis of estrogenic endocrine disruption and land-use influences in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
Vicki S. Blazer, Stephanie E. Gordon, Daniel K. Jones, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Heather L. Walsh, Adam Sperry, Kelly L. Smalling
2021, Chemosphere (266)
The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States and its watershed includes river drainages in six states and the District of Columbia. Sportfishing is of major economic interest, however, the rivers within the watershed provide numerous other ecological, recreational, cultural and...
Latency of waveform data delivery from the Southern California Seismic Network during the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence and its effect on ShakeAlert
Igor Stubailo, Mark Alvarez, Glenn Biasi, Rayomand Bhadha, Egill Hauksson
2021, Seismological Research Letters (92) 170-186
The occurrence of the 4–6 July 2019 Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence provided the first full‐scale test of the network and telemetry readiness of the Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN), to support the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system in California. ShakeAlert is...
The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world’s tallest active geyser
Mara Reed, Carolina Munoz-Saez, Sahand Hajimirza, Sin-Mei Wu, Anna Barth, Tarsilo Girona, Majid Rasht-Behesht, M.S Karplus, Shaul Hurwitz, Michael Manga
2021, PNAS (118)
Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park’s Norris Geyser Basin began a prolific sequence of eruptions in March 2018 after 34 y of sporadic activity. We analyze a wide range of datasets to explore triggering mechanisms for Steamboat’s reactivation and controls on eruption intervals and height. Prior to Steamboat’s renewed activity,...
Stream dissolved organic matter in permafrost regions shows surprising compositional similarities but negative priming and nutrient effects
Ethan Wologo, Sarah Shakil, Scott Zolkos, Sadie R. Textor, Stephanie Ewing, Jane Klassen, Robert G. M. Spencer, David C. Podgorski, Suzanne E. Tank, Michelle Baker, Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Kimberly P. Wickland, Sydney Foks, Jay P. Zarnetske, Joseph Lee-Cullin, Futing Liu, Yuanhe Yang, Pirkko Kortelainen, Jaana Kolehmainen, Joshua F. Dean, Jorien E. Vonk, Robert M. Holmes, Gilles Pinay, Michaela M. Powell, Jansen Howe, Rebecca J. Frei, Samuel P. Bratsman, Benjamin W. Abbott
2021, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (35)
Permafrost degradation is delivering bioavailable dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients to surface water networks. While these permafrost subsidies represent a small portion of total fluvial DOM and nutrient fluxes, they could influence food webs and net ecosystem carbon balance via priming or nutrient effects...
Generation of calc-alkaline magmas during crystallization at high oxygen fugacity: An experimental and petrologic study of tephras from Buldir Volcano, western Aleutian Arc, Alaska, USA
Laura Waters, Elizabeth Cottrell, Michelle L. Coombs, Katherine A. Kelley
2021, Journal of Petrology (62)
Despite agreement that calc-alkaline volcanism occurs at subduction zones and is responsible for the genesis of continental landmasses, there is no consensus on the source of the Fe-depleted signature hallmark to calc-alkaline volcanism. In this study, we utilize mafic tephras collected from Buldir Volcano to address the genesis of...
Lock operations influence upstream passages of invasive and native fishes at a Mississippi River high-head dam
Andrea K. Fritts, Brent C. Knights, Jessica C. Stanton, Amanda S. Milde, Jonathan M. Vallazza, Marybeth K. Brey, Sara J. Tripp, Thomas E. Devine, Wesley Sleeper, James T. Lamer, Kyle J. Mosel
2021, Biological Invasions (23) 771-794
Asian carps continue to expand their range in North America, necessitating efforts to limit the spread and establishment of reproducing populations. Mississippi River Lock and Dam 19 is a high-head dam that represents a population ‘pinch-point’ as passage through the lock chamber is the only means by which fishes can...
Behavioral responses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) to turbulent flow during fishway passage attempts
Sean A. Lewandoski, Peter J. Hrodey, Scott M. Miehls, Paul Piszczek, Daniel Zielinski
2021, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (78) 409-421
An understanding of how undesirable and desirable fish species respond behaviorally to turbulent flow in fishways would guide development of selective fish passage techniques. We applied high-resolution computational fluid dynamics modeling and competing risks analysis towards the development of predictive selective passage models. Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus; an invasive fish...
USGS44, a new high-purity calcium carbonate reference material for δ13C measurements
Haiping Qi, Heiko Moossen, Harro A.J. Meijer, Tyler B. Coplen, Anita T Aerts-Bijma, Lauren T Reid, Heiko Geilmann, Jurgen Richter, Michael Rothe, Willi A. Brand, Blaza Toman, Jacqueline Benefield, Jean-Francois Helie
2021, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (35)
RationaleThe stable carbon isotopic (δ13C) reference material (RM) LSVEC Li2CO3 has been found to be unsuitable for δ13C standardization work because its δ13C value increases with exposure to atmospheric CO2. A new CaCO3 RM, USGS44, has been prepared to alleviate this situation.MethodsUSGS44 was prepared from 8 kg of Merck...
Sediment dynamics of a divergent bay–marsh complex
Daniel J. Nowacki, Neil K. Ganju
2021, Estuaries and Coasts (44) 1216-1230
Bay–marsh systems, composed of an embayment surrounded by fringing marsh incised by tidal channels, are widely distributed coastal environments. External sediment availability, marsh-edge erosion, and sea-level rise acting on such bay–marsh complexes may drive diverse sediment-flux regimes. These factors reinforce the ephemeral and dynamic nature of fringing marshes: material released...
Generalizing the inversion‐based PSHA source model for an interconnected fault system
Edward H. Field, Kevin R. Milner, Morgan T. Page
2021, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (111) 371-390
This article represents a step toward generalizing and simplifying the procedure for constructing an inversion‐based seismic hazard source model for an interconnected fault system, including the specification of adjustable segmentation constraints. A very simple example is used to maximize understandability and to counter the notion that an inversion approach is...
Teleseismic P‐qave coda autocorrelation imaging of crustal and basin structure, Bighorn Mountains Region, Wyoming, U.S.A.
Steven Plescia, Anne Sheehan, Seth S. Haines, Lindsay Worthington, Scott Cook, Justin Ball
2021, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (111) 466-475
We demonstrate successful crustal imaging via teleseismic P‐wave coda autocorrelation, using data recorded on a 261 station array of vertical‐component high‐frequency geophones in the area of the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A. We autocorrelate the P‐wave coda of 30 teleseismic events and use phase‐weighted stacking to...
Evidence of energy and nutrient transfer from invasive pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) spawners to juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in northern Norway
Kathy Dunlop, Antti P. Eloranta, Erik Schoen, Mark S. Wipfli, Jenny L. A. Jensen, Rune Muladal, Guttorm N. Christensen
2021, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (30) 270-283
Recent large influxes of non-native Pacific pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) to North European rivers have raised concern over their potential negative impacts on native salmonids and recipient ecosystems. The eggs and carcasses of semelparous pink salmon may provide a significant nutrient and energy subsidy to native biota, but this phenomenon...
Ancient Egyptian mummified shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) and mice (Rodentia: Muridae) from the Spanish Mission to Dra Abu el-Naga, and their implications for environmental change in the Nile valley during the past two millennia
Neal Woodman, Salima Ikram
2021, Quaternary Research (100) 21-31
Excavation of Ptolemaic Period (ca. 309–30 BC) strata within Theban Tombs 11, 12, -399-, and UE194A by the Spanish Mission to Dra Abu el-Naga (also known as the Djehuty Project), on the west bank of the Nile River opposite Luxor, Egypt, yielded remains of at least 175 individual small mammals...
How to identify win–win interventions that benefit human health and conservation
Skylar R. Hopkins, Susanne H. Sokolow, Julia C Buck, Giulio A. De Leo, Isabel J. Jones, Laura H Kwong, Christopher LeBoa, Andrea J Lund, Andrew J MacDonald, Nicole Nova, Sarah H Olson, Alison J. Peel, Chelsea L. Wood, Kevin D. Lafferty
2021, Nature Sustainability (4) 298-304
To reach the Sustainable Development Goals, we may need to act on synergies between some targets while mediating trade-offs between other targets. But what, exactly, are synergies and trade-offs, and how are they related to other outcomes, such as ‘win–win’ solutions? Finding limited guidance in the...
Mainstems: A logical data model implementing mainstem and drainage basin feature types based on WaterML2 Part 3: HY Features concepts
David L. Blodgett, J. Micheal Johnson, Mark Sondheim, Michael Wieczorek, Nels Frazier
2021, Environmental Modelling and Software (135)
The Mainstems data model implements the catchment and flowpath concepts from WaterML2 Part 3: Surface Hydrology Features (HY_Features) for persistent, cross-scale, identification of hydrologic features. The data model itself provides a focused and lightweight method to describe hydrologic networks with minimum but sufficient information. The design is intended...
The demographic contributions of connectivity versus local dynamics to population growth of an endangered bird
Brian Reichert, Fletcher, Wiley M. Kitchens
2021, Journal of Animal Ecology (90) 574-584
Conservation and management increasingly focus on connectivity, because connectivity driven by variation in immigration rates across landscapes is thought to be crucial for maintaining local population and metapopulation persistence. Yet, efforts to quantify the relative role of immigration on population growth across the entire range of species and over...
From satellites to frogs: Quantifying ecohydrological change, drought mitigation, and population demography in desert meadows
David S. Pilliod, Mark B. Hausner, Rick D. Scherer
2021, Science of the Total Environment (758)
Increasing frequency and severity of droughts have motivated natural resource managers to mitigate harmful ecological and hydrological effects of drought, but drought mitigation is an emerging science and evaluating its effectiveness is difficult. We examined ecohydrological responses of drought...
Feeling the squeeze: Adult run size and habitat availability limit juvenile river herring densities in lakes
Matthew T. Devine, Julianne Rosset, Allison H. Roy, Benjamin I. Gahagan, Michael P. Armstrong, Andrew R. Whiteley, Adrian Jordaan
2021, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (150) 207-221
Maximum densities of juvenile river herring (Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis) vary among freshwater lakes, likely due to densities of adult spawners. Differences in habitat availability and lake water quality may also contribute to variation in juvenile river herring productivity between populations, yet these relationships have not been tested across...
