Pb-concentrations and Pb-isotope ratios in soils collected along an east-west transect across the United States
Clemens Reimann, David B. Smith, Laurel G. Woodruff, Belinda Flem
2011, Applied Geochemistry (26) 1623-1631
Analytical results for Pb-concentrations and isotopic ratios from ca. 150 samples of soil A horizon and ca. 145 samples of soil C horizon collected along a 4000-km east–west transect across the USA are presented. Lead concentrations along the transect show: (1) generally higher values in the soil A-horizon than the...
A study of the effects of implementing agricultural best management practices and in-stream restoration on suspended sediment, stream habitat, and benthic macroinvertebrates at three stream sites in Surry County, North Carolina, 2004-2007-Lessons learned
Douglas G. Smith, G.M. Ferrell, Douglas A. Harned, Thomas F. Cuffney
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5098
The effects of agricultural best management practices and in-stream restoration on suspended-sediment concentrations, stream habitat, and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were examined in a comparative study of three small, rural stream basins in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces of North Carolina and Virginia between 2004 and 2007. The study...
U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative-2010 Annual Report
Zachary H. Bowen, Cameron L. Aldridge, Patrick J. Anderson, Timothy J. Assal, Laura Biewick, Steven W. Blecker, Gregory K. Boughton, R. Sky Bristol, Natasha B. Carr, Anna D. Chalfoun, Geneva W. Chong, Melanie L. Clark, Jay E. Diffendorfer, Bradley C. Fedy, Katharine Foster, Steven L. Garman, Steve Germaine, JoAnn Holloway, Collin G. Homer, Matthew J. Kauffman, Douglas Keinath, Natalie Latysh, Daniel J. Manier, Robert R. McDougal, Cynthia P. Melcher, Kirk A. Miller, Jessica Montag, Christopher J. Potter, Spencer Schell, Sarah L. Shafer, David B. Smith, Lisa L. Stillings, Michele L. Tuttle, Anna B. Wilson
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1219
This is the third report produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) to detail annual work activities. The first report described activities for 2007 and 2008, and the second report covered work activities for FY09. This third report covers work activities conducted in...
Geochemical mapping of the Denver, Colorado (USA) urban area: A comparison of studies in 1972 and 2005
D. B. Smith, R. G. Garrett, G. Closs, K.J. Ellefsen, J.E. Kilburn, J.D. Horton, S. M. Smith
C.C. Johnson, A. Demetriades, J. Locutura, R. T. Ottesen, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Mapping the Chemical Environment of Urban Areas
Multispecies modeling for adaptive management of horseshoe crabs and red knots in the Delaware Bay
Conor P. McGowan, David R. Smith, J. A. Sweka, Julien Martin, James D. Nichols, R. Wong, J. E. Lyons, L. J. Niles, K. Kalasz, J. Brust, M. Klopfer, B. Spear
2011, Natural Resource Modeling (24) 117-156
Adaptive management requires that predictive models be explicit and transparent to improve decisions by comparing management actions, directing further research and monitoring, and facilitating learning. The rufa subspecies of red knots (Calidris canutus rufa), which has recently exhibited steep population declines, relies on horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) eggs as their...
Selection and preference of benthic habitat by small and large Ammocoetes of the Least Brook Lamprey (Lampetra aepyptera)
Dustin M. Smith, Stuart A. Welsh, Philip J. Turk
2011, Environmental Biology of Fishes (91) 421-428
In this laboratory study, we quantified substrate selection by small (<50 mm) and large (100–150 mm) ammocoetes of the least brook lamprey (Lampetra aepyptera). In aquaria, ammocoetes were given a choice to burrow into six equally-available substrate types: small gravel (2.360–4.750 mm), coarse sand (0.500–1.400 mm), fine sand (0.125–0.500 mm), organic substrate (approximately...
Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines
Stuart H.M. Butchart, Matt Walpole, Ben Collen, Arco Van Strien, Jorn P.W. Scharlemann, Rosamunde Almond, Jonathan E.M. Baillie, Bastian Bomhard, Claire Brown, John Bruno, Kent E. Carpenter, Genevieve M. Carr, Janice Chanson, Anna M. Chenery, Jorge Csirke, Nick C. Davidson, Frank Dentener, Matt Foster, Alessandro Galli, James N. Galloway, Piero Genovesi, Richard D. Gregory, Marc Hockings, Valerie Kapos, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Fiona Leverington, Jonathan Loh, Melodie A. McGeoch, Louise McRae, Anahit Minasyan, Monica Hernandez Morcillo, Thomasina E.E. Oldfield, Daniel Pauly, Suhel Quader, Carmen Revenga, John R. Sauer, Benjamin Skolnik, Dian Spear, Damon Stanwell-Smith, Simon N. Stuart, Andy Symes, Megan Tierney, Tristan D. Tyrrell, Jean-Christophe Vie, Reg Watson
2011, Science (328) 1164-1168
In 2002, world leaders committed, through the Convention on Biological Diversity, to achieve a significant reduction in the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. We compiled 31 indicators to report on progress toward this target. Most indicators of the state of biodiversity (covering species’ population trends, extinction risk, habitat extent...
Analytical results for municipal biosolids samples from a monitoring program near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2010
J.G. Crock, D. B. Smith, T. J. B. Yager, C. J. Berry, M. G. Adams
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1146
Since late 1993, Metro Wastewater Reclamation District of Denver (Metro District), a large wastewater treatment plant in Denver, Colo., has applied Grade I, Class B biosolids to about 52,000 acres of nonirrigated farmland and rangeland near Deer Trail, Colo., U.S.A. In cooperation with the Metro District in 1993, the U.S....
Biosolids, crop, and groundwater data for a biosolids-application area near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2007 and 2008
Tracy J.B. Yager, David B. Smith, James G. Crock
2011, Data Series 589
During 2007 and 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey monitored the chemical composition of biosolids, crops, and groundwater related to biosolids applications near Deer Trail, Colorado, in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District. This monitoring effort was a continuation of the monitoring program begun in 1999 in cooperation with the...
Examination of brine contamination risk to aquatic resources from petroleum development in the Williston Basin
Robert A. Gleason, Joanna N. Thamke, Bruce D. Smith, Brian A. Tangen, Tara L. Chesley-Preston, Todd M. Preston
2011, Fact Sheet 2011-3047
U.S. Geological Survey scientists and cooperating partners are examining the potential risk to aquatic resources (for example, wetlands, streams) by contamination from saline waters (brine) produced by petroleum development in the Williston Basin of Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. The primary goals of this study are to provide a...
A national-scale geochemical and mineralogical survey of soils of the conterminous United States
David B. Smith, William F. Cannon, Laurel G. Woodruff
2011, Applied Geochemistry (26) S250-S255
In 2007, the US Geological Survey initiated a low-density (1 site per 1600 km2, c. 4800 sites) geochemical and mineralogical survey of soils of the conterminous USA. The ideal sampling protocol at each site includes a sample from 0–5 cm depth, a composite of the soil A horizon, and a sample from...
Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Swedeburg and Sprague study areas, eastern Nebraska, May 2009
B. D. Smith, J.D. Abraham, J. C. Cannia, B. J. Minsley, L.B. Ball, G. V. Steele, M. Deszcz-Pan
2011, Open-File Report 2010-1288
This report is a release of digital data from a helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic survey conducted by Fugro Airborne Surveys in areas of eastern Nebraska as part of a joint hydrologic study by the Lower Platte North and Lower Platte South Natural Resources Districts, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The...
Non-native fish control below Glen Canyon Dam - Report from a structured decision-making project
Michael C. Runge, Ellen Bean, David Smith, Sonja Kokos
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1012
This report describes the results of a structured decision-making project by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide substantive input to the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) for use in the preparation of an Environmental Assessment concerning control of non-native fish below Glen Canyon Dam. A forum was created to allow the...
Time constraints in temperate-breeding species: Influence of growing season length on reproductive strategies
K. E. B. Gurney, Russell G. Clark, Stuart Slattery, N. V. Smith-Downey, Jordan I. Walker, L. M. Armstrong, S. E. Stephens, Michael J. Petrula, R. M. Corcoran, K. Martin, K. A. Degroot, Rodney W. Brook, Alan D. Afton, K. Cutting, J. M. Warren, M. Fournier, David N. Koons
2011, Ecography (34) 628-636
Organisms that reproduce in temperate regions have limited time to produce offspring successfully, and this constraint is expected to be more pronounced in areas with short growing seasons. Information concerning how reproductive ecology of endotherms might be influenced by growing season length (GSL) is rare, and species that breed over...
Classification of MEC with the ALLTEM at Camp Stanley, Texas
T. Asch, C. Moulton, D.V. Smith
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 1363-1367
The ALLTEM is a multi-axis electromagnetic induction system designed for unexploded ordnance UXO applications. It uses a continuous triangle-wave excitation and provides good late-time signal-to-noise ratio SNR especially for ferrous targets. Multi-axis transmitter Tx and receiver Rx systems such as ALLTEM provide a richer data set from which to invert...
Monitoring soil geochemistry in the urban environment: A comparison of studies in 1972 and 2005 in Denver, Colorado
David B. Smith, Karl J. Ellefsen, Ronald G. Garrett, L. Graham Closs
2011, Book
No abstract available...
Collection of mammal manure and other Debris by nesting Burrowing Owls
M. D. Smith, C.J. Conway
2011, Journal of Raptor Research (45) 220-228
Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) routinely collect and scatter dry manure of mammals around their nesting burrows. Recent studies have suggested this behavior attracts insect prey to the nesting burrow. However, some Burrowing Owls do not use manure, but instead, collect and scatter other materials (e.g., grass, moss, paper, plastic)...
Evaluation of single and two-stage adaptive sampling designs for estimation of density and abundance of freshwater mussels in a large river
D. R. Smith, J. T. Rogala, B. R. Gray, S. J. Zigler, T.J. Newton
2011, River Research and Applications (27) 122-133
Reliable estimates of abundance are needed to assess consequences of proposed habitat restoration and enhancement projects on freshwater mussels in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Although there is general guidance on sampling techniques for population assessment of freshwater mussels, the actual performance of sampling designs can depend critically on the...
Decision analysis for conservation breeding: Maximizing production for reintroduction of whooping cranes
Des Smith, Sarah J. Converse, Keith Gibson, Axel Moehrenschlager, William A. Link, Glenn H. Olsen, Kelly Maguire
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 501-508
Captive breeding is key to management of severely endangered species, but maximizing captive production can be challenging because of poor knowledge of species breeding biology and the complexity of evaluating different management options. In the face of uncertainty and complexity, decision-analytic approaches can be used to identify optimal management options...
Host and viral ecology determine bat rabies seasonality and maintenance
D.B. George, C.T. Webb, Matthew L. Farnsworth, T. J. O'Shea, R. A. Bowen, D.L. Smith, T.R. Stanley, L.E. Ellison, C. E. Rupprecht
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 10208-10213
Rabies is an acute viral infection that is typically fatal. Most rabies modeling has focused on disease dynamics and control within terrestrial mammals (e.g., raccoons and foxes). As such, rabies in bats has been largely neglected until recently. Because bats have been implicated as natural reservoirs for several emerging zoonotic...
Groundwater chemistry near an impoundment for produced water, Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA
R. W. Healy, T.T. Bartos, C. A. Rice, M.P. McKinley, B. D. Smith
2011, Journal of Hydrology (403) 37-48
The Powder River Basin is one of the largest producers of coal-bed natural gas (CBNG) in the United States. An important environmental concern in the Basin is the fate of the large amounts of groundwater extracted during CBNG production. Most of this produced water is disposed of in unlined surface...
Microbial survival in the stratosphere and implications for global dispersal
David J. Smith, Dale W. Griffin, Richard D. McPeters, Peter D. Ward, Andrew C. Schuerger
2011, Aerobiologia (27) 319-332
Spores of Bacillus subtilis were exposed to a series of stratosphere simulations. In total, five distinct treatments measured the effect of reduced pressure, low temperature, high desiccation, and intense ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on stratosphereisolated and ground-isolated B. subtilis strains. Environmental conditions were based on springtime data from a mid-latitude region...
The high life: Transport of microbes in the atmosphere
D.J. Smith, Dale W. Griffin, D.A. Jaffe
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 249-250
Microbes (bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses) are the most successful types of life on Earth because of their ability to adapt to new environments, reproduce quickly, and disperse globally. Dispersal occurs through a number of vectors, such as migrating animals or the hydrological cycle, but transport by wind may be...
Recovery and reprocessing of legacy geophysical data from the archives of the State Company of Geology and Mining (GEOSURV) of Iraq and Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC)
David V. Smith, Benjamin J. Drenth, J.D. Fairhead, K. Lei, J.A. Dark, K. Al-Bassam
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 856-860
Aeromagnetic data belonging to the State Company of Geology and Mining of Iraq (GEOSURV) have been recovered from magnetic tapes and early paper maps. In 1974 a national airborne survey was flown by the French firm Compagnie General de Geophysique (CGG). Following the survey the magnetic data were stored on...
Beach characteristics mitigate effects of onshore wind on horseshoe crab spawning: Implications for matching with shorebird migration in Delaware Bay
D. R. Smith, N.L. Jackson, K.F. Nordstrom, R.G. Weber
2011, Animal Conservation (14) 575-584
Disruption of food availability by unfavorable physical processes at energetically demanding times can limit recruitment of migratory species as predicted by the match–mismatch hypothesis. Identification and protection of disruption‐resistant habitat could contribute to system resilience. For example, horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus spawning and shorebird stopover must match temporally in Delaware Bay for...
