U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative - 2008 Annual Report
Zachary H. Bowen, Cameron L. Aldridge, Patrick J. Anderson, Timothy J. Assal, Lori Anne Baer, R. Sky Bristol, Natasha B. Carr, Geneva W. Chong, Jay E. Diffendorfer, Bradley C. Fedy, Steven L. Garman, Steve Germaine, Richard I. Grauch, Collin G. Homer, Daniel J. Manier, Matthew J. Kauffman, Natalie Latysh, Cynthia P. Melcher, Kirk A. Miller, Jessica Montag, Constance J. Nutt, Christopher Potter, Hall Sawyer, David B. Smith, Michael J. Sweat, Anna B. Wilson
2009, Open-File Report 2009-1201
The Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) was launched in 2007 in response to concerns about threats to the State's world class wildlife resources, especially the threat posed by rapidly increasing energy development in southwest Wyoming. The overriding purpose of the WLCI is to assess and enhance aquatic and terrestrial habitats...
Geochemical studies of North American soils: results from the pilot study phase of the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project
David B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1355-1356
No abstract available....
Analytical Results for Agricultural Soils Samples from a Monitoring Program Near Deer Trail, Colorado (USA)
J.G. Crock, D. B. Smith, T. J. B. Yager
2009, Open-File Report 2009-1111
Since late 1993, Metro Wastewater Reclamation District of Denver (Metro District, MWRD), a large wastewater treatment plant in Denver, Colorado, has applied Grade I, Class B biosolids to about 52,000 acres of nonirrigated farmland and rangeland near Deer Trail, Colorado, USA. In cooperation with the Metro District in 1993, the...
Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program Near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2008
J.G. Crock, D. B. Smith, T. J. B. Yager, C. J. Berry, M. G. Adams
2009, Open-File Report 2009-1090
Since late 1993, Metro Wastewater Reclamation District of Denver (Metro District), a large wastewater treatment plant in Denver, Colo., has applied Grade I, Class B biosolids to about 52,000 acres of nonirrigated farmland and rangeland near Deer Trail, Colo. (U.S.A.). In cooperation with the Metro District in 1993, the U.S....
Biosolids, Crop, and Ground-Water Data for a Biosolids-Application Area Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2004 Through 2006
Tracy J.B. Yager, David B. Smith, James G. Crock
2009, Data Series 379
From 2004 through 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey monitored the chemical composition of biosolids, crops, dust, and ground water related to biosolids applications near Deer Trail, Colorado, in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District. This monitoring effort was a continuation of the monitoring program begun in 1999 in cooperation...
Body size and predatory performance in wolves: Is bigger better?
D.R. MacNulty, D.W. Smith, L. David Mech, L.E. Eberly
2009, Journal of Animal Ecology (78) 532-539
Large body size hinders locomotor performance in ways that may lead to trade-offs in predator foraging ability that limit the net predatory benefit of larger size. For example, size-related improvements in handling prey may come at the expense of pursuing prey and thus negate any enhancement in overall predatory performance...
River restoration strategies in channelized, low-gradient landscapes of West Tennessee, USA
D.P. Smith, T.H. Diehl, L. A. Turrini-Smith, J. Maas-Baldwin, Z. Croyle
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 215-229
West Tennessee has a complex history of watershed disturbance, including agricultural erosion, channelization, accelerated valley sedimentation, and the removal and reestablishment of beaver. Watershed management has evolved from fl oodplain drainage via pervasive channelization to include local drainage canal maintenance and local river restoration. Many unmaintained canals are undergoing excessive...
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
M. J. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 613-619
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking...
Reply to the comment on "Geochemical gradients in soil O-horizon samples from southern Norway: Natural or anthropogenic?" by Eiliv Steinnes
C. Reimann, P. Englmaier, B. Flem, L. Gough, P. Lamothe, O. Nordgulen, D. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 2023-2025
[No abstract available]...
Mineralogy of soils from two continental-scale transects across the United States and Canada and its relation to soil geochemistry and climate
D. D. Eberl, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1394-1404
Quantitative mineralogy correlates with major-, minor- and trace-element chemistry for 387 samples of A-horizon and deeper soils collected from east-west and north-south transects across the USA and Canada, where the deeper soils were collected beneath the A-horizon samples. Concentrations of the major elements correlate with specific mineral phases. Minor- and...
Continental-scale patterns in soil geochemistry and mineralogy: results from two transects across the United States and Canada
L. G. Woodruff, W. F. Cannon, D. D. Eberl, D. B. Smith, J.E. Kilburn, J.D. Horton, R.G. Garrett, R.A. Klassen
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1369-1381
In 2004, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) initiated a pilot study that involved collection of more than 1500 soil samples from 221 sites along two continental transects across Canada and the United States. The pilot study was designed to test and refine protocols...
Predatory senescence in ageing wolves
D.R. MacNulty, D.W. Smith, J.A. Vucetich, L. David Mech, D.R. Stahler, C. Packer
2009, Ecology Letters (12) 1347-1356
It is well established that ageing handicaps the ability of prey to escape predators, yet surprisingly little is known about how ageing affects the ability of predators to catch prey. Research into long-lived predators has assumed that adults have uniform impacts on prey regardless of age. Here we use longitudinal...
The potential of mid- and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for determining major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from a geochemical survey of North America
J. B. Reeves III, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1472-1481
In 2004, soils were collected at 220 sites along two transects across the USA and Canada as a pilot study for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America (North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project). The objective of the current study was to examine the potential of diffuse reflectance (DR)...
Geochemical gradients in soil O-horizon samples from southern Norway: Natural or anthropogenic?
C. Reimann, P. Englmaier, B. Flem, L. Gough, P. Lamothe, O. Nordgulen, D. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 62-76
Forty soil O- and C-horizon samples were collected along a south-to-north transect extending inland for approximately 200 km from the southern tip of Norway. The elements As, Au, Bi, Cd, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, In, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V, W, Zn and Zr all...
Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations
David Smith, Michael J. Millard, Ruth H. Carmichael
2009, Book chapter, Biology and Conservation of Horseshoe Crabs
Increases in harvest of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) during the 1990s, particularly for whelk bait, coupled with decreases in species that depend on their eggs has reduced horseshoe crab abundance, threatened their ecological relationships, and dictated precautionary management of the horseshoe crab resource. Accordingly, population assessments and monitoring...
A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California
M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, J.M. Holloway, R. B. Wanty, D.R. Helsel, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1482-1499
Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter,...
Application of in vitro extraction studies to evaluate element bioaccessibility in soils from a transect across the United States and Canada
S.A. Morman, G.S. Plumlee, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1454-1463
In vitro bioaccessibility tests (IVBA) are inexpensive, physiologically-based extraction tests designed to estimate the bioaccessibility of elements along ingestion exposure pathways. Published IVBA protocols call for the testing to be done on the <250-??m fraction of soil, as these particles are most likely to adhere to the hands of children...
Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay
D. R. Smith, M.T. Mandt, P.D.M. Macdonald
2009, Journal of Shellfish Research (28) 405-417
The unresolved status of the proximate cause for sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs has practical consequence, because harvest recommendations rely on assumptions about sex-specific growth and maturity. We propose and evaluate competing hypotheses for the proximate cause of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) by comparing size...
Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars investigation and data set from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's primary science phase
S.L. Murchie, F.P. Seelos, C.D. Hash, D.C. Humm, E. Malaret, J.A. McGovern, T.H. Choo, K.D. Seelos, D.L. Buczkowski, M.F. Morgan, O. S. Barnouin-Jha, H. Nair, H.W. Taylor, G.W. Patterson, C.A. Harvel, J.F. Mustard, R. E. Arvidson, P. McGuire, M. D. Smith, M.J. Wolff, T.N. Titus, J.-P. Bibring, F. Poulet
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
The part of the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer (CRISM) for Mars investigation conducted during the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's (MRO's) primary science phase was a comprehensive investigation of past aqueous environments, structure of the planet's crust, past climate, and current meteorology. The measurements to implement this investigation include over 9500 targeted...
A serological survey of infectious disease in Yellowstone National Park's canid community
E.S. Almberg, L. David Mech, D.W. Smith, J.W. Sheldon, R.L. Crabtree
2009, PLoS ONE (4)
Background: Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park (YNP) after a >70 year absence, and as part of recovery efforts, the population has been closely monitored. In 1999 and 2005, pup survival was significantly reduced, suggestive of disease outbreaks. Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed sympatric wolf, coyote (Canis...
Pilot studies for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project - Site selection, sampling protocols, analytical methods, and quality control protocols
D. B. Smith, L. G. Woodruff, R.M. O'Leary, W. F. Cannon, R.G. Garrett, J.E. Kilburn, M. B. Goldhaber
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1357-1368
In 2004, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada sampled and chemically analyzed soils along two transects across Canada and the USA in preparation for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America. This effort was a pilot study to test and refine sampling protocols, analytical...
Tailrace egress and hydraulic conditions during tests of a top spillway weir (TSW) at John Day Dam, 2008
T.L. Liedtke, C. D. Smith, R.G Tomka
2009, Report
n/a...
Bjørn Bølviken - 2008 IAGC Vernadsky medalist
David B. Smith
2008, Newsletter of the International Association of GeoChemistry (49) 6-6
Prof. Bjørn Bølviken, 80, formerly with the Geological Survey of Norway, was the 2nd recipient of the IAGC's Vernadsky Medal. The IAGC Vernadsky Medal is awarded biennially to a single person for a distinguished record of scientific accomplishment in geochemistry over the course of a career. Dr. David Smith of...
Modeling distribution of dispersal distances in male white-tailed deer
Duane R. Diefenbach, E.S. Long, C.S. Rosenberry, B.D. Wallingford, D. R. Smith
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 1296-1303
Dispersal distances and their distribution pattern are important to understanding such phenomena as disease spread and gene flow, but oftentimes dispersal characteristics are modeled as a fixed trait for a given species. We found that dispersal distributions differ for spring and autumn dispersals of yearling male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)...
Low-density geochemical mapping and the robustness of geochemical patterns
D. B. Smith, C. Reimann
2008, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (8) 219-227
Geochemical mapping of entire continents and, ultimately, the world is still a challenge for applied geochemists. At sample densities traditionally used for geochemical exploration (1 site per 1-25 km2), geochemical mapping of whole continents is logistically extremely demanding and tremendously expensive. The first low-density geochemical surveys (1 site per 200...
