Trace-metal and organic constituent concentrations in bed sediment at Big Base and Little Base Lakes, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas—Comparisons to sediment-quality guidelines and indications for timing of exposure
B. G. Justus, Phillip D. Hays, Rheannon M. Hart
2015, Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5112
This report compares concentrations for a wide range of inorganic and organic constituents in bed sediment from Big Base Lake and Little Base Lake, which are located on Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, to sediment-quality guidelines. This report also compares trace-metal concentrations in a bed-sediment core sample to sediment...
Too hot to trot? evaluating the effects of wildfire on patterns of occupancy and abundance for a climate-sensitive habitat-specialist
Johanna Varner, Mallory S. Lambert, Joshua J. Horns, Sean Laverty, Laurie Dizney, Erik A. Beever, M. Denise Dearing
2015, International Journal of Wildland Fire (24) 921-932
Wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity as a result of climate change in many ecosystems; however, effects of altered disturbance regimes on wildlife remain poorly quantified. Here, we leverage an unexpected opportunity to investigate how fire affects the occupancy and abundance of a climate-sensitive habitat specialist, the American pika...
Plant phenolics and absorption features in vegetation reflectance spectra near 1.66 μm
Raymond F. Kokaly, Andrew K Skidmore
2015, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (43) 55-83
Past laboratory and field studies have quantified phenolic substances in vegetative matter from reflectance measurements for understanding plant response to herbivores and insect predation. Past remote sensing studies on phenolics have evaluated crop quality and vegetation patterns caused by bedrock geology and associated variations in soil geochemistry. We examined spectra...
Polymorphic mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) in a coastal riverscape: size class assemblages, distribution, and habitat associations
James C. Starr, Christian E. Torgersen
2015, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (24) 505-518
We compared the assemblage structure, spatial distributions, and habitat associations of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) morphotypes and size classes. We hypothesised that morphotypes would have different spatial distributions and would be associated with different habitat features based on feeding behaviour and diet. Spatially continuous sampling was conducted over a broad...
Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands
Jesse Miller, Ellen Ingman Damschen, Susan P. Harrison, James B. Grace
2015, Ecology (96) 3323-3331
Understanding how biotic communities respond to landscape spatial structure is critically important for conservation management as natural landscapes become increasingly fragmented. However, empirical studies of the effects of spatial structure on plant species richness have found inconsistent results, suggesting that more comprehensive approaches are needed. In this study, we asked...
Will a warmer and wetter future cause extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds?
Wei Liao, Oliver Elison Timm, Chunxi Zhang, Carter T. Atkinson, Dennis LaPointe, Michael D. Samuel
2015, Global Change Biology
Isolation of the Hawaiian archipelago produced a highly endemic and unique avifauna. Avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum), an introduced mosquito-borne pathogen, is a primary cause of extinctions and declines of these endemic honeycreepers. Our research assesses how global climate change will affect future malaria risk and native bird populations. We used...
Evaluating species richness: biased ecological inference results from spatial heterogeneity in species detection probabilities
Lance B. McNew, Colleen M. Handel
2015, Ecological Applications (25) 1669-1680
Accurate estimates of species richness are necessary to test predictions of ecological theory and evaluate biodiversity for conservation purposes. However, species richness is difficult to measure in the field because some species will almost always be overlooked due to their cryptic nature or the observer's failure to perceive their cues....
Landslides and megathrust splay faults captured by the late Holocene sediment record of eastern Prince William Sound, Alaska
S.P. Finn, Lee M. Liberty, Peter J. Haeussler, Thomas L. Pratt
2015, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (105) 2343-2353
We present new marine seismic‐reflection profiles and bathymetric maps to characterize Holocene depositional patterns, submarine landslides, and active faults beneath eastern and central Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska, which is the eastern rupture patch of the 1964 Mw 9.2 earthquake. We show evidence that submarine landslides, many of which are...
Quantification of 15 bile acids in lake charr feces by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Ke Li, Tyler J. Buchinger, Ugo Bussy, Skye D. Fissette, Nicholas S. Johnson, Weiming Li
2015, Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences (1001) 27-34
Many fishes are hypothesized to use bile acids (BAs) as chemical cues, yet quantification of BAs in biological samples and the required methods remain limited. Here, we present an UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous, sensitive, and rapid quantification of 15 BAs, including free, taurine, and glycine conjugated BAs, and application of...
Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy
Christopher G. Smith, Marci E. Marot, Alisha M. Ellis, Cathryn J. Wheaton, Julie Bernier, C. Scott Adams
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1169
The effect of tropical and extratropical cyclones on coastal wetlands and marshes is highly variable and depends on a number of climatic, geologic, and physical variables. The impacts of storms can be either positive or negative with respect to the wetland and marsh ecosystems. Small to moderate amounts of inorganic...
Summary of the Ahankashan Area of Interest
Lawrence J. Drew, David M. Sutphin, John C. Mars, Anya K. Bogdanow
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1040
This report summarizes and interprets results of the work in the Ahankashan Area of Interest in northwestern Afghanistan and four study areas—the Ahankashan Prospect Area, Syahsang-Kushkak, Taghab-Soni, and Zakak-e ‘Olya—delineated for their potential undiscovered mineral occurrences with specific emphasis on porphyry copper and related occurrence types. The Area of Interest...
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Level 1 Precision Terrain Corrected Registered At-Sensor Radiance (AST_L1T) Product, algorithm theoretical basis document
David Meyer, Dawn Siemonsma, Barbara Brooks, Lowell Johnson
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1171
This document provides an overview of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) supplemental algorithms in conjunction with the reuse of Landsat geometric algorithms modified by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) to create an ASTER Level 1 Precision...
Tracing chlorine sources of thermal and mineral springs along and across the Cascade Range using halogen and chlorine isotope compositions
Jeffrey T. Cullen, Jaime D. Barnes, Shaul Hurwitz, William P. Leeman
2015, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (426) 225-234
In order to provide constraints on the sources of chlorine in spring waters associated with arc volcanism, the major/minor element concentrations and stable isotope compositions of chlorine, oxygen, and hydrogen were measured in 28 thermal and mineral springs along the Cascade Range in northwestern USA. Chloride concentrations in the springs...
Case 3693 Cryptodacus Hendel, 1914 (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae): Proposed suppression of Cryptodacus Gundlach, 1862 (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae)
Allen L. Norrbom, Roy W. McDiarmid, Xiao-Lin Chen, J. David, Marc De Meyer, Amnon Freidberg, Ho-Yeon Han, David Hancock, Gary J. Steck, Frank R. Thompson III, Ian M. White, Roberto A. Zucchi
2015, Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature (72) 204-208
The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9.3, is to conserve current usage of the well-established genus-group name Cryptodacus Hendel, 1914 for a genus of Neotropical fruit flies by suppression of the earlier, unused name Cryptodacus Gundlach, 1862, currently a junior synonym of Arrhyton Günther, 1858, a genus of snakes, under...
Strongly-sheared wind-forced currents in the nearshore regions of the central Southern California Bight
Marlene A. Noble, Kurt J. Rosenberger, George L. Robertson
2015, Continental Shelf Research (106) 1-16
Contrary to many previous reports, winds do drive currents along the shelf in the central portion of the Southern California Bight (SCB). Winds off Huntington Beach CA are the dominant forcing for currents over the nearshore region of the shelf (water depths less than 20 m). Winds control about 50–70%...
Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands
Kevin Turpie, Victor Klemas, Kristin B. Byrd, Maggi Kelly, Young-Heon Jo
2015, Remote Sensing of Environment (167) 206-217
Tidal wetlands are highly productive and act as critical habitat for a wide variety of plants, fish, shellfish, and other wildlife. These ecotones between aquatic and terrestrial environments also provide protection from storm damage, run-off filtering, and recharge of aquifers. Many wetlands along coasts have been exposed to stress-inducing alterations...
Integrated thermal infrared imaging and Structure-from-Motion photogrametry to map apparent temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux at Mammoth Mountain, CA USA
Aaron Lewis, George Hilley, Jennifer L. Lewicki
2015, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (303) 16-24
This work presents a method to create high-resolution (cm-scale) orthorectified and georeferenced maps of apparent surface temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux and estimate the radiant hydrothermal heat emission rate from a study area. A ground-based thermal infrared (TIR) camera was used to collect (1) a set of overlapping and...
U.S. conterminous wall-to-wall anthropogenic land use trends (NWALT), 1974–2012
James A. Falcone
2015, Data Series 948
This dataset provides a U.S. national 60-meter, 19-class mapping of anthropogenic land uses for five time periods: 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012. The 2012 dataset is based on a slightly modified version of the National Land Cover Database 2011 (NLCD 2011) that was recoded to a schema of land...
A Crosswalk of Mineral Commodity End Uses and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes
James J. Barry, Grecia R. Matos, W. David Menzie
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1163
This crosswalk is based on the premise that there is a connection between the way mineral commodities are used and how this use is reflected in the economy. Raw mineral commodities are the basic materials from which goods, finished products, or intermediate materials are manufactured or made. Mineral commodities are...
Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia border, September 5-6, 2014
Karen L. M. Morgan
2015, Data Series 953
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms (Morgan, 2009). On September 5-6, 2014, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia border (Figure...
Mechanisms and timescales of generating eruptible rhyolitic magmas at Yellowstone caldera from zircon and sanidine geochronology and geochemistry
Mark E. Stelten, Kari M. Cooper, Jorge A. Vazquez, Andrew T. Calvert, Justin G Glessner
2015, Journal of Petrology (56) 1607-1642
We constrain the physical nature of the magma reservoir and the mechanisms of rhyolite generation at Yellowstone caldera via detailed characterization of zircon and sanidine crystals hosted in three rhyolites erupted during the (ca. 170 – 70 ka) Central Plateau Member eruptive episode – the most recent post-caldera magmatism at...
A case study demonstrating analysis of stormflows, concentrations, and loads of nutrients in highway runoff and swale discharge with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM)
Gregory E. Granato, Susan C. Jones
2015, Conference Paper
Decisionmakers need information about the quality and quantity of stormwater runoff, the risk for adverse effects of runoff on receiving waters, and the potential effectiveness of mitigation measures to reduce these risks. The Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) uses Monte Carlo methods to generate stormflows, concentrations, and loads...
Biological and geochemical data along Indian Point, Vermilion Bay, Louisiana
Kathryn A. Richwine, Marci E. Marot, Christopher G. Smith, Lisa E. Osterman, C. Scott Adams
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1143
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected shallow sediment cores and surface samples from a coastal salt marsh environment next to Vermilion Bay in southwest Louisiana in January 2013. The sampling was part of a larger USGS study to gather data for assessing...
Field and laboratory guide to freshwater cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms for Native American and Alaska Native communities
Barry H. Rosen, Ann E. St. Amand
2015, Open-File Report 2015-1164
Cyanobacteria can produce toxins and form harmful algal blooms. The Native American and Alaska Native communities that are dependent on subsistence fishing have an increased risk of exposure to these cyanotoxins. It is important to recognize the presence of an algal bloom in a waterbody and to distinguish a potentially...
Sustainable water management under future uncertainty with eco-engineering decision scaling
N LeRoy Poff, Casey M Brown, Theodore E. Grantham, John H Matthews, Margaret A. Palmer, Caitlin M Spence, Robert L. Wilby, Marjolijn Haasnoot, Guillermo F Mendoza, Kathleen C Dominique, Andres Baeza
2015, Nature Climate Change (6) 25-34
Managing freshwater resources sustainably under future climatic and hydrological uncertainty poses novel challenges. Rehabilitation of ageing infrastructure and construction of new dams are widely viewed as solutions to diminish climate risk, but attaining the broad goal of freshwater sustainability will require expansion of the prevailing water resources management paradigm beyond...
